Social representations of the diet in patients with diabetes mellitus

The "diet" is part of the collective’s worldview, where culture shapes the webs of significance, giving way to a collective ideology internalised in each individual, which is fully accepted, assigned and assimilated by the collective. The diabetes mellitus is a condition whose importance lies in being one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. This pathology is complex, but their struggle leads to the most basic and elemental: the "diet". Methodology: Explore the common sense in relation to "diet" in patients with diabetes mellitus, via the Theory of Social Representations (SR). Semi-structured surveys were applied to 100 patients in three units of the Mexican Institute of Social Security of the State of Mexico, to define on the basis of the diabetic patients to the "diet". Results: The term "diet" is a social construct, which builds and reinforces a social reality: poverty, inequality, and decontextualized biomedical control and public policies without social inclusive. Conclusion: The end of this research reveals the thin threads of marginalization and ignomia of our collective suffering from diabetes, expose a inequality and insecurity, perpetuating a "diet" desregionalizada inadequate, contextualized, and far from the truth

El proceso de acumulación de poder y capital en México (1982-2018)

The objective of this research illustrates the process of accumulation of political power and capital between 1982 and 2018, derived from the adoption of the neoliberal model in Mexico, and its implications for the socioeconomic development of the population in that period. Method: A socio-historical journey was developed based on a bibliographic review based on official, journalistic and scientific journal sources. The analysis and systematization of the information revealed that the adoption of the neoliberal strategy sought economic recovery, through various structural adjustments, including the reduction of state intervention and the inclusion of the business sector as the engine of the national economy. However, far from improving the living conditions of the population, a new stage of capital accumulation began, accompanied by the reorganization of the business power groups that gradually expanded their influence on political decisions to increase profitability up to 5 times. over the growth of the national GDP (Castillo, 2017:28), in a country with more than 50% of the population in conditions of multidimensional poverty (INEGI, 2018). In addition to this, increasingly solid transit bridges were built from the political to the business sphere. In conclusion, the technocratic and neoliberal ideology shared by the political and business class determined the decline of the welfare state, and the deterioration of the redistributive capacity of social policy, at the same time that the political-business link promoted the accumulation of capital, through legal and even illegal mechanismsEl objetivo de esta investigación ilustra el proceso de acumulación de poder político y de capital entre 1982 y 2018, derivado de la adopción del modelo neoliberal en México, y sus implicaciones en el desarrollo socioeconómico de la población en dicho periodo. Método: Se desarrolló un recorrido socio histórico basado en una revisión bibliográfica partiendo de fuentes oficiales, periodísticas y revistas científicas. El análisis y la sistematización de la información reveló que la adopción de la estrategia neoliberal buscó la recuperación económica, a través de diversos ajustes estructurales, entre ellos el adelgazamiento de la intervención estatal y la inclusión del sector empresarial como motor de la economía nacional. Sin embargo, lejos de mejorar las condiciones de vida de la población, se aperturó una nueva etapa de acumulación de capital, acompañada de la reorganización de los grupos de poder empresarial que ampliaron gradualmente su influencia en las decisiones políticas para incrementar hasta 5 veces la rentabilidad empresarial por sobre el crecimiento del PIB nacional (Castillo, 2017:28), en un país con más del 50% de poblacion en condiciones de pobreza multidimensional (INEGI, 2018). Además de ello, se labraron puentes de tránsito de la esfera política a la empresarial. En conclusión, la ideología tecnocrática y neoliberal que compartió la clase política y empresarial determinó el declive del Estado de bienestar, y el deterioro de la capacidad redistributiva de la política social, al mismo tiempo que el vínculo político-empresarial promovió la acumulación de capital, mediante mecanismos legaloides e incluso también ilícitos

LA PANDEMIA COMO DESAFÍO A LA BIOÉTICA

This article aims to offer a genealogical positioning of the problems that have arisen around the COVID-19 pandemic, it is examined through four moments: a) the emergence of the virus and the disease, b) the spread of the virus and declaration of the pandemic, c) control of the disease and contagion, and d) discovery of the vaccine and the post-pandemic. With this analysis we can affirm that bioethics is capable of developing a critical reflection on the need to limit the aims of predation as an objective: commercial health, relationship between human beings, environment and animal species in a natural habitat, human rights, racial discrimination, infodemic, access to resources and medical attention, "new normalities in the post-pandemic". Thus, bioethics must be projected towards a critical global and social bioethics based on systematic studies in health and life sciences that look at human behavior within moral principles.Este artículo tiene como finalidad ofrecer un posicionamiento genealógico de las problemáticas surgidas en torno a la pandemia de COVID-19, se examina a través de cuatro momentos: a) el surgimiento del virus y la enfermedad, b) la propagación del virus y declaración de la pandemia, c) control de la enfermedad y los contagios, y d) descubrimiento de la vacuna y la postpandemia. Con este analisis podemos afirmar que la bioética es capaz de desarrollar una reflexión crítica sobre la necesidad de limitar fines de depredación como objetivo: mercantil en salud, relacion entre seres humanos, ambiente y especies animales en un hábitat natural, derechos humanos, discriminación racial, infodemia, acceso a los recursos y atención médica, “nuevas normalidades en la postpandemia”. Es asi que la bioética debe proyectarse hacia una bioética global y social crítica asentada en estudios sistemáticos en ciencias de la salud y de la vida que miren la conducta humana dentro de los principios morales

Conception of Professionalism and Horizons in Acupuncture Sciences in Students of the Degree in Human Rehabilitation Acupuncture

The curricularization of the extension in the Rehabilitation Human Acupuncture axis is of great importance due to the health need that exists in the State of Mexico. The objective of this work was to evaluate the conception of professionalism and horizons in Acupuncture Sciences that the students of the Bachelor of Rehabilitation Human Acupuncture have in the fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh semesters of the State University of Valle de Ecatepec. Material and methods: An exploratory analysis was carried out in which a questionnaire of 10 open questions focused on the conception of professionalism was used for all students from the fourth to the seventh semester, later an analysis of the keywords of each question was made. to determine the words that had the highest degree of coincidence. The results: (P1) professionalism is related to having the necessary knowledge and correctly practicing acupuncture and rehabilitation; (P2) Knowledge and correct practice of the profession are characteristics of a good professional in Acupuncture; (P3) Knowledge, empathy and a good diagnosis are important skills that a graduate in Rehabilitation Human Acupuncture must have; (P4) Acupuncture as a degree is perceived as interesting, preventive and an excellent career; (P5) For the students, being licensed in Rehabilitation Human Acupuncture means helping; (P6) The skills that the students have developed during their training as graduates in human acupuncture and rehabilitation are observation, the ability to help, acupuncture support techniques, analysis, correct diagnosis and development of critical thinking; (P7) Acupuncture is viewed in 20 years as complementary and nationally and internationally recognized; (P8) The biosciences have an impact on the training as a graduate in rehabilitative human acupuncture so that they can integrate the knowledge acquired, understand the human body and give scientific support to acupuncture; (P9) The field of work in which the students are visualized is in an independent office; (P10) The area in which the students surveyed would like to specialize is rehabilitation and do a master\u27s degree to broaden their knowledge

Réquiem médico. Un pasado acabado: absurdos de la medicina actual

EL LIBRO MUESTRA EXPERIENCIAS SOBRE EL TEMA DE LA PRÁCTICA MEDICA.EL LIBRO ABORDA TEMAS RELACIONADAS CON LA PRACTICA MEDICA, Y LOS DIFERENTES OBSTÁCULOS QUE SE ENCUENTRAN A NIVEL DE LAS INSTITUCIONES PARA OFRECER UNA MEJOR ATENCIÓN A LA POBLACIÓN PARA EL TRATAMIENTO DE LA ENFERMEDAD Y LA SALUDNINGUN

Anemia infantil en poblaciones residentes en diferentes altitudes geográficas de Arequipa, Perú: factores maternos asociados

Objective: Determine the relationship between socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, and good practices in anemic children and anemic child healthcare in Arequipa, Peru. Study design:  This is a cross-sectional survey. Participants were asked about their knowledge of childhood anemia, practices related to caring for anemic children, and adherence to treatment. Methods: This is a descriptive, transversal, relational field study. Three hundred mothers with anemic children were interviewed, from six districts of Arequipa, distributed at different geographic altitudes: medium-altitude, great-altitude, and sea level. Studied variables were related to socio-demographic factors, level of knowledge, anemic children care-related practices, and treatment adherence.  Results: 77.3% of children had mild anemia, 21.6% moderate, and 1% severe anemia. The number of children and disease severity were significantly related (p<0.05) to knowledge about anemia. Knowledge about anemia, living area, and geographic altitude were significantly correlated (p<0.05) with good practices in child anemia. Conclusion: the prevalence of anemia in the region of Arequipa is incremented by socio-economic factors, mother’s education, number of children, altitude, and geographic zone. The implementation of mother-centered educational programs by the government is necessary. In this sense, the results suggest further studies in social representations to understand, analyze and deepen the knowledge of the subject.Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre las características sociodemográficas, conocimientos y buenas prácticas en anemia infantil y la atención al niño anémico en Arequipa, Perú. Diseño del estudio: Se trata de una encuesta transversal. Se preguntó a los participantes sobre su conocimiento sobre la anemia infantil, las prácticas relacionadas con el cuidado de los niños anémicos y la adherencia al tratamiento. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio de campo, descriptivo, transversal, relacional. Se entrevistaron 300 madres con niños anémicos, de seis distritos de Arequipa, distribuidos en diferentes altitudes geográficas: mediana, gran y nivel del mar. Las variables estudiadas se relacionaron con factores sociodemográficos, nivel de conocimiento, prácticas relacionadas con el cuidado del niño anémico y adherencia al tratamiento. Resultados: El 77,3% de los niños presentaron anemia leve, el 21,6% moderada y el 1% anemia severa. El número de hijos y la gravedad de la enfermedad se relacionaron significativamente (p<0,05) con el conocimiento sobre la anemia. Los conocimientos sobre anemia, lugar de residencia y altitud geográfica se correlacionaron significativamente (p<0,05) con las buenas prácticas en anemia infantil. Conclusión: la prevalencia de anemia en la región de Arequipa se ve incrementada por factores socioeconómicos, escolaridad de la madre, número de hijos, altitud y zona geográfica. Es necesaria la implementación de programas educativos centrados en la madre por parte del gobierno. En ese sentido, los resultados sugieren profundizar los estudios en representaciones sociales para comprender, analizar y profundizar  el conocimiento del tema

The deconstruction of family medicine in Mexico: the case of the Mexican Institute of Social Security

Family medicine is the essence of medical care. It is the main access to primary health care and the gateway to the largest health system in Latin America: the Mexican Institute of Social Security. This condition leads to complexity in the organizational model of health care. The question, thus, is what constraints are set from the hegemonic biomedical State system that allows and promotes family medicine with limits? Deconstruction is a theoretical framework that can defragment study elements of a whole, allowing us to approach the development and redefinition of a new family medicine. This article looks at the model of Mexican family medicine from the standpoint of deconstruction theory, specifically looking at the case of the Mexican Institute of Social Security