Propuesta de metodología para la certificación de un sistema de gestión de equidad de género en empresas peruanas

En las últimas décadas, las desigualdades de género han disminuido paulatinamente en las sociedades modernas. Sin embargo, en países como el Perú, aún persisten asimetrías asolapadas en el imaginario social, en las prácticas cotidianas y en diversas instituciones, tanto del sector público como privado. Así, el mundo laboral todavía sigue siendo un espacio donde se valora y recompensa inadecuadamente el trabajo de la mujer, por lo que se hace necesario encontrar mecanismos eficientes para su corrección. Una manera de luchar contra este problema es desarrollar un proceso de certificación para que las empresas puedan disminuir las desigualdades de género. Con este fin, la presente investigación ha tenido como fin proponer un Sistema de Gestión de Igualdad de Género (SIGIG), objetivo y riguroso, que se ha nutrido de diferentes planteamientos teóricos e importantes lineamientos internacionales adaptados a la realidad nacional. Se busca que las empresas privadas, medianas y grandes, puedan apliacarlo en sus políticas laborales. A partir de la experiencia de los trabajadores en dos empresas que operan en territorio nacional, se ha podido recoger información mediante una rica y variada metodología para elaborar un SIGIG. Así, se ha hecho uso de la observación etnográfica, entrevistas, encuestas, análisis de imágenes, etc. Con la aplicación de este sistema, se considera que las empresas del sector privado podrán no solo mejorar su imagen pública y cumplir su labor de responsabilidad social, sino también mejorar su productividad. Esto se debe a que la promoción del “trabajo decente”, en dignas condiciones de relación laboral, permiten contribuir a un desarrollo económico sostenible, inclusivo e igualitario, para construir una sociedad más justa.In recent decades, gender inequalities have been declining in the political, educational and, to a lesser extent, in the economic terrain. However, certain asymmetries still remain hidden in local idiosyncrasies, in social practices and in some national institutions. So, it is urgent to find effective mechanisms for its removal. Likewise, the different conventions of supranational and national organizations have concluded that if this unequal condition persists, it will not definitively break with poverty. For this reason, it is necessary to recognize that as women enjoy greater job stability, better economic and educational opportunities; the development of the country will be consolidated. This challenge is not only the responsibility of the different state agencies, but extends to private companies as well as to the individuals who make up the society. To that end, the "Ministry of Women and Vulnerable Populations" together with the "Ministry of Labor" have begun to develop transversal public policies aimed at achieving gender equality, although it has not yet been extended to private companies. In contrast, other Latin American countries have put in place systems of certifications for companies that work under a gender approach. Given this lack of gender equality certification systems in the country, this research is a contribution with an objective and rigorous methodology. A methodology that has been fed by diverse theoretical proposals and international guidelines; As well as framed in the constitutional framework and in the national realityTesi

Elaboración de un manual de prácticas para su utilización en asignaturas impartidas por el Departamento de Parasitología

Esta propuesta se presenta como segunda fase del proyecto 20-115, desarrollado durante el periodo 2020-2022 (Plan FIDO UGR). Durante dicho proyecto se han digitalizado 1500 imágenes de parásitos que engloban multitud de especies, incluyendo: protozoos, trematodos, cestodos, nematodos y artrópodos, así como 12000 fotografías necesarias para obtener otras tantas imágenes por la técnica del apilado. Con el ingente material producido se ha elaborado un protocolo de prácticas común para ser utilizado por el alumnado que realice sus prácticas en asignaturas impartidas por el Departamento de Parasitología.Vicerrectorado de Calidad, Innovación Docente y Estudios de Grado-Universidad de Granad

Healthcare workers hospitalized due to COVID-19 have no higher risk of death than general population. Data from the Spanish SEMI-COVID-19 Registry

Aim To determine whether healthcare workers (HCW) hospitalized in Spain due to COVID-19 have a worse prognosis than non-healthcare workers (NHCW). Methods Observational cohort study based on the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry, a nationwide registry that collects sociodemographic, clinical, laboratory, and treatment data on patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in Spain. Patients aged 20-65 years were selected. A multivariate logistic regression model was performed to identify factors associated with mortality. Results As of 22 May 2020, 4393 patients were included, of whom 419 (9.5%) were HCW. Median (interquartile range) age of HCW was 52 (15) years and 62.4% were women. Prevalence of comorbidities and severe radiological findings upon admission were less frequent in HCW. There were no difference in need of respiratory support and admission to intensive care unit, but occurrence of sepsis and in-hospital mortality was lower in HCW (1.7% vs. 3.9%; p = 0.024 and 0.7% vs. 4.8%; p<0.001 respectively). Age, male sex and comorbidity, were independently associated with higher in-hospital mortality and healthcare working with lower mortality (OR 0.211, 95%CI 0.067-0.667, p = 0.008). 30-days survival was higher in HCW (0.968 vs. 0.851 p<0.001). Conclusions Hospitalized COVID-19 HCW had fewer comorbidities and a better prognosis than NHCW. Our results suggest that professional exposure to COVID-19 in HCW does not carry more clinical severity nor mortality

Manejo Multidisciplinario del Adenocarcinoma de Páncreas: Guía de Práctica Clínica AUNA

Introduction: This article provides recommendations for the Multidisciplinary Management of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma in the RED AUNA. Methods: A systematic search of clinical practice guidelines (CPG) similar to topics of interest was developed, it was assessed with the AGREE II instrument, a list of questions was elaborated under the PICO structure, a de novo search was carried out prioritizing reviews systematic with or without meta-analysis, followed by primary studies, the elaboration of the evidence tables and the evaluation of the global quality for the outcomes of the clinical questions was carried out following the GRADE methodology. Results: 5 PICO questions corresponding to initial management and systemic management were formulated with 18 recommendations regarding the most effective method for pathological diagnosis, biliary drainage and the most effective and safe systemic treatment in the neoadjuvant, adjuvant and metastatic setting. Conclusions: This article summarizes the methodology and evidence-based recommendations of the CPG for the multidisciplinary management of pancreatic adenocarcinoma of the AUNA Clinic Network.Introducción: Este artículo brinda recomendaciones para el Manejo Multidisciplinario del Adenocarcinoma de Páncreas en la RED AUNA. Métodos: Se desarrolló una búsqueda sistemática de guías de práctica clínica (GPC) similares al tópico de interés, se valoró con el instrumento AGREE II, se elaboró un listado de preguntas bajo la estructura PICO, se realizó una búsqueda de novo priorizando revisiones sistemáticas con o sin meta-análisis, seguida de estudios primarios, la elaboración de las tablas de evidencia y la evaluación de la calidad global para los desenlaces de las preguntas clínicas se realizó siguiendo la metodología GRADE. Resultados: Se formularon 5 preguntas PICO correspondientes al manejo inicial y manejo sistémico con 18 recomendaciones respecto al método más efectivo para el diagnóstico patológico, el drenaje biliar y el tratamiento sistémico más efectivo y seguro en el escenario neoadyuvante, adyuvante y metastásico. Conclusiones: El presente artículo resume la metodología y las recomendaciones basadas en evidencia de la GPC para el manejo multidisciplinario del Adenocarcinoma de páncreas de la Red de Clínicas AUNA

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Colombian consensus recommendations for diagnosis, management and treatment of the infection by SARS-COV-2/ COVID-19 in health care facilities - Recommendations from expert´s group based and informed on evidence

La Asociación Colombiana de Infectología (ACIN) y el Instituto de Evaluación de Nuevas Tecnologías de la Salud (IETS) conformó un grupo de trabajo para desarrollar recomendaciones informadas y basadas en evidencia, por consenso de expertos para la atención, diagnóstico y manejo de casos de Covid 19. Estas guías son dirigidas al personal de salud y buscar dar recomendaciones en los ámbitos de la atención en salud de los casos de Covid-19, en el contexto nacional de Colombia

Gestión del conocimiento. Perspectiva multidisciplinaria. Volumen 17

El libro “Gestión del Conocimiento. Perspectiva Multidisciplinaria”, Volumen 17 de la Colección Unión Global, es resultado de investigaciones. Los capítulos del libro, son resultados de investigaciones desarrolladas por sus autores. El libro es una publicación internacional, seriada, continua, arbitrada, de acceso abierto a todas las áreas del conocimiento, orientada a contribuir con procesos de gestión del conocimiento científico, tecnológico y humanístico. Con esta colección, se aspira contribuir con el cultivo, la comprensión, la recopilación y la apropiación social del conocimiento en cuanto a patrimonio intangible de la humanidad, con el propósito de hacer aportes con la transformación de las relaciones socioculturales que sustentan la construcción social de los saberes y su reconocimiento como bien público

Recovery of Banana Waste-Loss from Production and Processing: A Contribution to a Circular Economy

Banana is a fruit grown mainly in tropical countries of the world. After harvest, almost 60% of banana biomass is left as waste. Worldwide, about 114.08 million metric tons of banana waste-loss are produced, leading to environmental problems such as the excessive emission of greenhouse gases. These wastes contain a high content of paramount industrial importance, such as cellulose, hemicellulose and natural fibers that various processes can modify, such as bacterial fermentation and anaerobic degradation, to obtain bioplastics, organic fertilizers and biofuels such as ethanol, biogas, hydrogen and biodiesel. In addition, they can be used in wastewater treatment methods by producing low-cost biofilters and obtaining activated carbon from rachis and banana peel. Furthermore, nanometric fibers commonly used in nanotechnology applications and silver nanoparticles useful in therapeutic cancer treatments, can be produced from banana pseudostems. The review aims to demonstrate the contribution of the recovery of banana production waste-loss towards a circular economy that would boost the economy of Latin America and many other countries of emerging economies

Organic Solvent’s Effect in the Deposition of Platinum Particles on MWCNTs for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

We reported the synthesis of platinum particles anchored on the surface of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The synthesis of platinum particles was carried out by microemulsion method using hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as surfactant to enhance the dispersion of platinum particles in hexane (C6), heptane (C7), and octane (C8) solutions. The effects of the microemulsion dispersion medium on the synthesis of platinum particles on MWCNTs (MWCNT/Pt) hybrid materials and their catalytic activities of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in HClO4 were investigated. The anchored platinum particles showed good dispersion on carbon nanotubes surface with the average particle sizes of 2.65±0.60, 2.89±0.68, and 0.97±0.29 nm for the dispersion medium of C6, C7, and C8, respectively. The experimental results of ORR experiments indicated a relationship between the size and the dispersion media of the platinum particles; also the catalytic activity of the anchored platinum on MWCNT particles strongly depends on the dispersion medium employed in the microemulsion process