Thermally assisted interlayer magnetic coupling through Ba0.05Sr0.95TiO3 barriers

We report on the interlayer exchange coupling across insulating barriers observed on Ni80Fe20/Ba0.05Sr0.95TiO3/La0.66Sr0.33MnO3 (Py/BST0.05/LSMO) trilayers. The coupling mechanism has been analyzed in terms of the barrier thickness, samples' substrate, and temperature. We examined the effect of MgO (MGO) and SrTiO3 (STO) (001) single-crystalline substrates on the magnetic coupling and also on the magnetic anisotropies of the samples in order to get a deeper understanding of the magnetism of the structures. We measured a weak coupling mediated by spin-dependent tunneling phenomena whose sign and strength depend on barrier thickness and substrate. An antiferromagnetic (AF) exchange prevails for most of the samples and smoothly increases with the barrier thicknesses as a consequence of the screening effects of the BST0.05. The coupling monotonically increases with temperature in all the samples and this behavior is attributed to thermally assisted mechanisms. The magnetic anisotropy of both magnetic components has a cubic symmetry that in the case of permalloy is added to a small uniaxial component.Fil: Carreira, Santiago José. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Centro Atómico Constituyentes; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Aviles Felix, Luis Steven. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Centro Atómico Bariloche; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Sirena, Martin. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Centro Atómico Bariloche; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área de Energía Nuclear. Instituto Balseiro; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Alejandro, Gabriela. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Centro Atómico Bariloche; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Steren, Laura Beatriz. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Centro Atómico Constituyentes; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

CONSUMO DE ÁLCOOL NA MULHER GRÁVIDA: UMA SCOPING REVIEW

Questão Quais os instrumentos que permitem a caracterização do consumo de álcool na mulher grávida? Objetivo Identificar instrumentos para a caracterização do consumo de álcool na mulher grávida e identificar fatores que contribuem para o consumo de álcool na mulher grávida. Background O consumo de álcool pela mulher grávida reveste-se de particular relevância na medida em que está associado a graves consequências para o feto, entre as quais o síndrome fetal alcoólico. Contudo, em Portugal são raros os estudos sobre o consumo de álcool durante a gravidez e as suas consequências. Material e métodos As mulheres grávidas constituem-se a População da scoping sendo os Conceitos: gravidez, consumo de álcool e instrumentos de avaliação; o Contexto é onde a mulher grávida recorre aos cuidados de enfermagem e os estudos são de tipo quantitativo, qualitativo e misto. A expressão de pesquisa conjuga os descritores MeSH: Pregnant Women OR Pregnancy AND Alcohol Drinking AND “Weight and Measures”. Procedeu-se à pesquisa de artigos primários e secundários, publicados nas bases de dados ProQuest e PubMed e na plataforma EBSCOhost: CINAHL Complete, MEDLINE Complete e Mediclatina, com os limitadores: texto integral, publicado de 1/1/2013 a 31/5/2018, humanos e faixa etária - Adultos (19-44 anos). Tratamento e análise dos resultados Os estudos foram selecionados de acordo com o PRISMA 2009, procedendo-se à extração dos dados a partir do instrumento proposto pelo Joanna Briggs Institute, garantido a qualidade metodológica dos mesmos. Conclusão A evidência demonstrada pela síntese dos resultados, permitirá a identificação de instrumentos quer no domínio da caracterização do consumo de álcool na mulher grávida bem como dos fatores que lhe estão associados. Referências Lowdermilk, D. L.; Perry, S. E. (2008). Enfermagem na Maternidade.7ªed., Loures: Lusodidacta. OMS (2014). Global Status Report on alcohol and health 2014. Switzerland. SICAD (2015) O Consumo de Álcool na Gravidez. SICADN/

PROGRAMAS DE CESSAÇÃO TABÁGICA NO CICLO GRAVÍDICO-PUERPERAL: UMA SCOPING REVIEW

Objetivo: Identificar programas de intervenção para a cessação tabágica na mulher no ciclo gravídico-puerperal. Questão: Quais os programas de intervenção para a cessação tabágica na mulher no ciclo gravídico-puerperal? Background: Fumar durante a gravidez pode causar graves problemas de saúde e um aumento do risco de aborto espontâneo, parto prematuro, morte fetal, baixo peso à nascença e síndrome de morte súbita do lactente. A cessação tabágica antes da conceção, ou no início da gravidez, mantendo a abstinência durante este período, traz benefícios quer para o feto e mãe. Material e métodos: População: mulheres no ciclo gravídico-puerperal. Conceitos: gravidez, puerpério, cessação tabágica e programas de intervenção. Contexto: a comunidade onde vivem as mulheres no ciclo gravídico-puerperal. Os estudos são de tipo quantitativo, qualitativo e misto. A partir dos descritores MeSH, construiu-se a expressão de pesquisa: Smoking Cessation AND Pregnant Women OR Postpartum period. Realizou-se a pesquisa de artigos primários e secundários, publicados nas bases de dados ProQuest e PubMed e na plataforma EBSCOhost: CINAHL, Mediclatina, Nursing & Allied Health Collection e MEDLINE, com os limitadores: texto integral, publicado de 1/1/2014 a 31/5/2018, humanos e faixa etária - Adultos (19-44 anos). Tratamento e análise dos resultados: Estudos selecionados pela utilização do Prisma 2009 Flow Diagram proposto pelo Joanna Briggs Institute. Extração dos dados, com recurso aos instrumentos disponibilizados, garantindo-se a qualidade metodológica dos mesmos. Conclusão: Os resultados encontrados permitiram identificar programas de intervenção de cessação tabágica sugestivos de resultados em saúde para a mulher grávida, puérpera e criança, onde a qualidade da relação entre profissional e grávida fumadora promove a informação sobre efeitos adversos do fumo durante a gravidez e aumenta a consciencialização e adesão à cessação tabágica. Contudo, identificaram-se barreiras durante a implementação destes programas a três níveis: institucionais (dificuldades ao nível da comunicação e desvalorização deste tipo de intervenção), profissionais e grávidas fumadoras (conhecimentos, atitudes e crenças). Referências: DGS (2015). Programa Nacional para a Vigilância da Gravidez de Baixo Risco. Lisboa: DGS. Néné, M., Marques, R., & Batista, M. (2016). Enfermagem de saúde materna e obstetrícia. Lisboa: Lidel, Edições Técnicas.N/

A escola como espaço de construção pessoal: Como Prevenir o Bullying?

Documento apresentado no âmbito do I Congresso Internacional de Literacia para a Saúde,. Santarem, Maio 2019A escola tem hoje a missão de contribuir para a construção pessoal e social de cada aluno a todos os níveis, particularmente na prevenção de comportamentos associados ao bullying. Assim, ao nível do desenvolvimento pessoal e social, existem muitos aspetos que urgem ser trabalhados e discutidos ao longo do crescimento e desenvolvimento de cada jovem. A Escola Superior de Saúde de Santarém do IPSantarém, como Escola Promotora de Saúde tem concretizado um conjunto de sessões de educação para a saúde com o objetivo de prevenir o bullying em meio escolar junto dos alunos do 1º e 2º ciclo do ensino básico. The school has now the mission of contributing to the personal and social construction of each student at all levels, particularly in the prevention of behaviours associated with bullying. Therefore, there are many aspects of personal and social development that need to be worked on and discussed throughout each young person's growth and development. The School of Health of Santarém of the IPSantarém, as a Health Promoting School, has carried out a series of health education sessions with the aim of preventing bullying in the school environment among students in the 1st and 2nd cycle of basic education.N/

Shrub encroachment can reverse desertification in semi-arid Mediterranean grasslands

The worldwide phenomenon of shrub encroachment in grass-dominated dryland ecosystems is commonly associated with desertification. Studies of the purported desertification effects associated with shrub encroachment are often restricted to relatively few study areas, and document a narrow range of possible impacts upon biota and ecosystem processes. We conducted a study in degraded Mediterranean grasslands dominated by Stipa tenacissima to simultaneously evaluate the effects of shrub encroachment on the structure and composition of multiple biotic community components, and on various indicators of ecosystem function. Shrub encroachment enhanced vascular plant richness, biomass of fungi, actinomycetes and other bacteria, and was linked with greater soil fertility and N mineralization rates. While shrub encroachment may be a widespread phenomenon in drylands, an interpretation that this is an expression of desertification is not universal. Our results suggest that shrub establishment may be an important step in the reversal of desertification processes in the Mediterranean region.F.T.M. and M.A.B. were supported by ‘Ramón y Cajal’ and ‘Juan de la Cierva’ contracts from the Spanish MICINN (co-funded by the European Social Fund). F.T.M. was also supported by the British Ecological Society (ECPG 231/607 and Studentship 231/1975) and MICINN (CGL2008-00986-E/BOS project). This research was funded by grants from the Fundación BBVA (BIOCON06/105), Comunidad de Madrid (REMEDINAL, S-0505/AMB/0335), and Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC-RNT-063-2).Peer reviewe

DNA methylation map in circulating leukocytes mirrors subcutaneous adipose tissue methylation pattern: a genome-wide analysis from non-obese and obese patients

The characterization of the epigenetic changes within the obesity-related adipose tissue will provide new insights to understand this metabolic disorder, but adipose tissue is not easy to sample in population-based studies. We aimed to evaluate the capacity of circulating leukocytes to reflect the adipose tissue-specific DNA methylation status of obesity susceptibility. DNA samples isolated from subcutaneous adipose tissue and circulating leukocytes were hybridized in the Infinium HumanMethylation 450 BeadChip. Data were compared between samples from obese (n = 45) and non-obese (n = 8-10) patients by Wilcoxon-rank test, unadjusted for cell type distributions. A global hypomethylation of the differentially methylated CpG sites (DMCpGs) was observed in the obese subcutaneous adipose tissue and leukocytes. The overlap analysis yielded a number of genes mapped by the common DMCpGs that were identified to reflect the obesity state in the leukocytes. Specifically, the methylation levels of FGFRL1, NCAPH2, PNKD and SMAD3 exhibited excellent and statistically significant efficiencies in the discrimination of obesity from non-obesity status (AUC > 0.80; p < 0.05) and a great correlation between both tissues. Therefore, the current study provided new and valuable DNA methylation biomarkers of obesity-related adipose tissue pathogenesis through peripheral blood analysis, an easily accessible and minimally invasive biological material instead of adipose tissue

Decoupling of soil nutrient cycles as a function of aridity in global drylands

18 páginas.- 10 figuras.- 72 referencias.- Online Content Any additional Methods, Extended Data display items and Source Data are available in the online version of the paper; references unique to these sections appear only in the online paper..- Puede conseguir el texto completo en el Portal de la producción científica de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid https://produccioncientifica.ucm.es/documentos/5ec78dc52999520a1d557660 .- o en lel respositorio institucional CONICET digital https://ri.conicet.gov.ar/bitstream/handle/11336/29204/CONICET_Digital_Nro.ead4e2ed-0da6-4041-814b-259e8f27bbf6_D.pdf?sequence=5&isAllowed=yThe biogeochemical cycles of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are interlinked by primary production, respiration and decomposition in terrestrial ecosystems1. It has been suggested that the C, N and P cycles could become uncoupled under rapid climate change because of the different degrees of control exerted on the supply of these elements by biological and geochemical processes1,2,3,4,5. Climatic controls on biogeochemical cycles are particularly relevant in arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid ecosystems (drylands) because their biological activity is mainly driven by water availability6,7,8. The increase in aridity predicted for the twenty-first century in many drylands worldwide9,10,11 may therefore threaten the balance between these cycles, differentially affecting the availability of essential nutrients12,13,14. Here we evaluate how aridity affects the balance between C, N and P in soils collected from 224 dryland sites from all continents except Antarctica. We find a negative effect of aridity on the concentration of soil organic C and total N, but a positive effect on the concentration of inorganic P. Aridity is negatively related to plant cover, which may favour the dominance of physical processes such as rock weathering, a major source of P to ecosystems, over biological processes that provide more C and N, such as litter decomposition12,13,14. Our findings suggest that any predicted increase in aridity with climate change will probably reduce the concentrations of N and C in global drylands, but increase that of P. These changes would uncouple the C, N and P cycles in drylands and could negatively affect the provision of key services provided by these ecosystems.This research is supported by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC Grant agreement no. 242658 (BIOCOM), and by the Ministry of Science and Innovation of the Spanish Government, grant no. CGL2010-21381. CYTED funded networking activities (EPES, Acción 407AC0323). M.D.-B. was supported by a PhD fellowship from the Pablo de Olavide University.Peer reviewe