66 research outputs found
Quantification of the geological value of the Lomas de Banao Ecological Reserve (Cuba), according to the Protekarst method
En este trabajo se indica la metodologÃa para obtener la cuantificación relativa del valor geológico del karst, integrantes del método Protekarst. Se basa en la determinación de lugares de interés geológico, en la distribución espacial de la riqueza de elementos geológicos y la geomorfologÃa kárstica. La integración de estos mapas en un SIG permite obtener la distribución del valor geológico del karst para determinar las zonas en las que es necesaria una mayor protección en base a este aspecto. La metodologÃa se aplica a la Reserva Ecológica Lomas de Banao, al presentar caracterÃsticas geológicas de interés y pretender su declaración como Parque Nacional.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional AndalucÃa Tech
Methane concentration and isotopic composition (d13C-CH4) in the Nerja Cave system (South Spain)
Air in underground caves often has methane (CH4) concentrations below the atmospheric level, due to methanotrophic or other unkown CH4 consuming processes. Caves are thus considered a potential sink for atmospheric methane. If globally important, this underground CH4 oxidation should be taken into account in the atmospheric methane budget, in addition to the known soil methanotrophy and tropospheric/stratospheric sinks. A large set of data is however necessary to understand how and how much methane from external atmospheric air is consumed in the caves. While methane concentration data are available for several caves worldwide, its isotopic composition and variations in space and time are poorly documented.
We measured methane concentration and stable C isotope composition (d13C) in the Nerja cave (Southern Spain) air during two surveys in March and April 2015. CH4 concentration decreases progressively from the more external cave rooms, with atmospheric levels of 1.9 ppmv, to the more internal and isolated rooms down to 0.5 ppmv.
d13C increases correspondingly from -47 h to -41 h (VPDB). CH4 is systematically 13C-enriched (d13C > -45 permil) in areas of the cave where the concentration is below 1.4 ppmv. This combination of concentration decrease and 13C-enrichment towards the more internal and isolated zones of the cave confirms the importance of CH4 oxidation, likely driven by methanotrophic bacteria. Further data, including stable H isotope composition of subatmospheric
CH4 concentrations, CO2 and microbial analyses, shall be acquired over time to assess the actual role of methanotrophic bacteria and seasonal controls in the CH4 consumption process.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional AndalucÃa Tech
EDUCATIONAL AND SOCIAL INCLUSION FROM MUSIC AND THE WORD
La inclusión educativa y social desde la música y la palabra, trata de incidir por una parte en la mejora de las personas más vulnerables, facilitando la integración en su entorno y en contextos difÃciles, y por otra parte crear un programa formativo con el fin de que el alumnado de grado en maestro/a de primaria pueda aportar, desde su experiencia y conocimientos adquiridos en su formación, una aplicación práctica complementaria a estudiantes de caracterÃsticas similares y en entornos de dificultad. Esta propuesta es una iniciativa para llevarse a cabo en futuros proyectos de cooperación y parte de la hipótesis de que la educación puede incidir en factores de resiliencia y de inclusión social, utilizando la música y la palabra como ejes vertebradores para evitar la exclusión social y educativa en personas adultas. Este proyecto parte de 10ª Convocatoria de ayudas para proyectos de investigación y formación del Observatorio Permanente de la Inmigración (OPI-UJI).The educational and social inclusion of music and speech is aimed, on the one hand, at improving the most disadvantaged people, facilitating integration in their environment and in difficult contexts, and on the other hand, creating a training program in order to That students of primary level could contribute, from their experience and knowledge acquired in their training, a complementary practical application to students of similar characteristics and in environments of difficulty. This proposal is an initiative to be carried out in future cooperation projects and is based on the hypothesis that education can influence factors of resilience and social inclusion, using music and word as the backbone to avoid social and educational exclusion in adults. This project is part of the 10th Call for aid for research and training projects of the Permanent Observatory of Immigration (OPI-UJI).Grupo de Investigación HUM-672 AREA (Análisis de la Realidad EducativA
The protection of the groundwater used for human consumption and its integration in land management
El agua subterránea constituye una reserva de vital importancia para el
abastecimiento de la población. Por ello, es necesario establecer medidas
de protección adecuadas con objeto de cumplir con los requerimientos de la
Directiva Marco del Agua. El objetivo de este artÃculo es complementar la
metodologÃa para la delimitación de zonas de salvaguarda como figura de
protección de las masas de agua subterránea utilizadas para consumo humano
mediante la elaboración de una cartografÃa de actividades permitidas
en su interior, con objeto de dotarlas de una herramienta efectiva en la gestión
del territorio. Los resultados obtenidos en una masa de agua carbonatada
del sur de España muestran el porcentaje de territorio que debe ser
protegido para conservar la calidad de las aguas destinadas al consumo humano,
facilitando asà su futura integración en los instrumentos de planificación
para una adecuada ordenación del territorioGroundwater constitutes a reservoir of essential importance for human
supply. For this, it is necessary to establish suitable protection measures in
order to achieve the requirements of theWater Framework Directive. The objective
of this paper is to complement a methodology to define safeguard
zones for the protection of carbonate groundwater bodies intended for
human consumption by means of the development of a cartography illustrating
the permitted activities in its interior, in order to provide an effective
tool in the management of the territory. The results obtained in a karst
groundwater body in southern Spain show the percentage of land that must
be protected to preserve the quality of water intended for human consumption,
thus facilitating their future integration into adequate land use planning
tool
Hydrogeological characteristics of the Prieta-Bonela-AlcaparaÃn aquifer system (Yunquera-Nieves Hydrogeological Unit, Andalusia, province of Málaga)
The analysis of the natural answers of the principal springs (RÃo Jorox, Fuente Quebrada and Carratraca) of
the Prieta-Bonela-AlcaparaÃn aquifer system has allowed to determine the hydrogeological characteristics
and the different degree of karstification existing in the same one. In the sector of aquifer that is drained by
the RÃo Jorox spring (Sierra Prieta) exists a developed karstic net, across which there is produced a rapid
flow of the rainwater. In the sector of aquifer that is drained by the Fuente Quebrada spring (Sierra Bonela),
the degree of karstification is less developed. The sector drained by the Carratraca spring (Sierra AlcaparaÃn)
presents a behaviour pattern that is typical of a diffuse flow aquife
New hydrochemical and isotopic data in the karstic spring of Maro (Nerja, Málaga). Considerations on the origin of solutes and on the influence of the vadose zone ventilation
The previously stated model concerning the behaviour of the karstic spring of Maro is corroborated with new data from the 2004-2014 period.
Sulphate isotopes allow linking the origin of solutes with the dissolution of Mesozoic gypsum. Other hydrochemical data (pH, DO) suggest the association of the spring with relatively large and well-ventilated karstic conduits in the vadose zone of the carbonate aquifer drained by the spring. During the winter season, such conduits could be affected by pressure or temperaturedriven high-PCO2 airflows that may be responsible for local decreases in the pH of the spring waterEl modelo de funcionamiento del manantial kárstico de Maro propuesto en estudios previos se corrobora con nuevos datos del periodo 2004-2014. Los isótopos del sulfato precisan el origen de solutos por disolución de yesos mesozoicos. Otros datos hidroquÃmicos (pH, OD) sugieren la asociación del manantial con conductos kársticos relativamente grandes y bien ventilados dentro de la zona vadosa del acuÃfero carbonático triásico al que drena. En el periodo invernal, por diferencias de presión o temperatura entre el interior y el exterior de estos conductos, se pueden producir flujos de aire con PCO2 relativamente elevada hacia los mismos, con el resultado de inducir disminuciones locales del pH del agua del manantia
Vadose zone air as a biogenic source of methane in Nerja Cave system (South of Spain)
Subterranean air in karst cavities has often low methane contents in comparison to atmosphere and so karst systems
have been considered a sink of atmospheric methane. Methane-oxidizing bacteria have been hypothesized as
responsible for CH4 depletion in many caves around the world, although ionization radiation was also proposed as
possible mechanism for this process. We measured CO2 and CH4 concentration and their C isotopic composition
(d13C-CO2 and d13C-CH4) over 2 years within the Nerja cave system (South Spain) and in 9 boreholes drilled
into the vadose zone (Triassic carbonate aquifer) surrounding the cave. According to d13C-CO2 and d13C-CH4
vadose zone of this karst system is a source of biogenic methane, produced both by acetate fermentation and CO2
reduction. Biogenic and atmospheric methane flows (along fractures from the vadose zone, and through ventilation,
respectively) into the cave, where it is oxidized by methanotrophic bacteria that we detected on soil samples
into the cave.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional AndalucÃa Tech
Condensation water in heritage touristic caves: Isotopic and hydrochemical data and a new approach for its quantification through image analysis
Condensation water is a major factor in the conservation of heritage caves. It can cause dissolution of the rock substrate (and the pigments of rock art drawn on it) or covering thereof with mineral components, depending on the chemical saturation degree of the condensation water. In show caves, visitors act as a source of CO2 and thus modify the microclimate, favouring negative processes that affect the conservation of the caves. In spite of their interest, studies of the chemical composition of this type of water are scarce and not very detailed. In this work we present research on the condensation water in the Nerja Cave, one of the main heritage and tourist caves in Europe. The joint analysis of isotopic, hydrochemical, mineralogical and microbiological data and the use of image analysis have allowed us to advance in the knowledge of this risk factor for the conservation of heritage caves, and to demonstrate the usefulness of image analysis to quantify the scope of the possible corrosion condensation process that the condensation water could be producing on the bedrock, speleothem and rock art. To our knowledge, this application of image analysis (relative to the condensation water in caves) is the first one of this type that has been documentedNerja Cave Foundation
Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga / CBU
Dating the groundwater drained by the Meliones spring (Málaga province) for integration into a regional hydrogeological conceptual model
El manantial de Meliones (provincia de Málaga) es una polisurgencia hipersalina asociada a la formación arcilloso-
evaporÃtica del TrÃas de Antequera. Su drenaje natural deteriora la calidad quÃmica del agua embalsada en la presa del
Guadalhorce, una de las fuentes de abastecimiento a la ciudad de Málaga. Algunos organismos públicos ejecutaron medidas
correctoras con un enfoque muy local, centradas en la alteración de los procesos de infiltración rápida en el entorno inmediato
al manantial, que no han solucionado el problema. Sin embargo, existen evidencias de que el TrÃas de Antequera es un
sistema hidrogeológico complejo, en el que flujos rápidos localizados en los enclaves kársticos evaporÃticos coexistirÃan con
otros de tipo difuso. En este trabajo se ha datado el agua del manantial de Meliones con 3H, CFC-12 y 4He. Además, se han
creado modelos de parámetros agregados que definen la distribución de edad de la muestra. Los resultados evidencian que la
mayor parte del agua hipersalina drenada por la surgencia fue infiltrada hace más de un siglo. Esto confirma la existencia de
un sistema regional con flujos jerarquizados donde flujos regionales lentos y de gran recorrido confluyen con otros rápidos
y más cortos.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional AndalucÃa Tec
Experimental survey of soil CO2 content over a karstic cave in mediterranean climate
The CO2 content and the temperature of the air have been measured within the scarce soil (although with
relatively high organic matter concentration) which partially covers the carbonate outcrops over the Nerja
Cave (Málaga). General yearly average values of around 850 ppm and 25 ºC have been identified, both
using continuous recording devices and separated measures with portable equipment.
Temperature evolution closely follows that of the outside atmosphere. Spatial variations in CO2 contents
are related with the vegetal cover and with the soil depth. Seasonal variations are important, with a
maximum of more than 1000 ppm in May (main vegetation development) and minimum (around 350-
500) in December. Daily oscillations have also been identified, ranging up to more than 600 ppm in the
period of maximum CO2 production. These results agree with estimates based in hydrogeochemical
modelling as well as in the TOC content of drip water to the cav
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