Comparación de la densidad mineral ósea en futbolistas y árbitros de nivel profesional

The aim of this study was to compare bone mineral density (BMD) of soccer players and professional referees. There were made bone mineral density measurements with the dual x-ray absorptiometry equipment (DEXA) to 27 players (19.81 ± 1.14 years old) and 22 referees (24.95 ± 3.54 years old) from the second division of the Mexican professional soccer league (Liga MX) where the areas of the spine, hip, ribs, arms, legs and full body were evaluated.  It was used the statistical program SPSS (21.0), using the test for independent samples of the t of Student, considering the significance value of p ≤ .05. The players achieved a higher BMD than the referees in most regions of the body, finding only significant difference in the legs and hip (p ≤ .05). The high mineralization of the legs of the players is due to the high contact repeatedly to the game ball, although a higher BMD was also obtained in the referees than in other sports of other studies. Thus concluding that the practice of refereeing in football is positive for bone strengthening. However, more studies on BMD in referees, officials and judges in football and in other disciplines are needed.El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la densidad mineral ósea (DMO) de los futbolistas y árbitros de nivel profesional. Se realizaron mediciones de la densidad mineral del hueso con el equipo de absorciometría dual de rayos X (DEXA) en el cual se evaluaron las regiones de la columna, cadera, costillas, brazos, piernas y cuerpo completo a 27 futbolistas (19.81 ± 1.14 años de edad) y 22 árbitros (24.95 ± 3.54 años de edad) de la segunda división de la liga profesional de fútbol MX de México. Se utilizo el programa estadístico SPSS (21.0), utilizando la prueba para muestras independientes de la t de Student, considerando el valor de significancia de p ≤ .05. Los futbolistas lograron una mayor DMO que los árbitros en la mayoría de las regiones del cuerpo, encontrándose solamente diferencia significativa en las piernas y en la cadera (p ≤ .05). La alta mineralización de las piernas de los futbolistas se debe al alto contacto de repetidas ocasiones con el balón de juego, aunque también se obtuvo un alta DMO en los árbitros que en otros deportes de otros estudios. Concluyendo así que la práctica del arbitraje en el fútbol es positivo para el fortalecimiento del hueso. Sin embargo hacen falta realizar más estudios sobre la DMO en árbitros, réferi y jueces en el fútbol y en otras disciplinas

Actividad física y factores de riesgo cardiovascular en empleados de un hospital

 Introduction: Occupational tasks and the environment are important influences on individuals' physical activity and sedentary behaviors. Aim: To describe the cardiovascular risk and level of physical activity, in addition to exploring the association between these variables in working adults of a health institution. Methodology: Cross-sectional correlational descriptive study in hospital employees. Results: The sample consisted of 165 workers with an age range of 30 to 58 years (x ̅ = 43.16, SD = 6.10), female n = 104 (63.0%) and male n = 61 (37%), with respect to health data, it is highlighted that the mean abdominal circumference, SAT and BMI are higher than the health recommendations. Conclusions: The CVR factors with the greatest presence in the study population were: age, arterial hypertension, smoking, diabetes mellitus and overweight / obesity, all of them highly linked to physical inactivity.  Introducción: Las tareas ocupacionales y el medio ambiente son influencias importantes en la actividad física de los individuos y conductas sedentarias. Objetivo: Describir el riesgo cardiovascular y nivel de actividad física, además de explorar la asociación entre estas variables en adultos trabajadores de una institución de salud. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo correlacional de corte transversal en empleados de un hospital. Resultados: La muestra estuvo compuesta por 165 trabajadores con rango de edad de 30 a 58 años (x ̅ = 43,16, DE = 6,10), sexo femenino n=104 (63,0 %) y masculino n=61 (37%), respecto a los datos de salud se destaca que la media del perímetro abdominal, TAS e IMC son mayores a las recomendaciones de salud. Conclusiones: Los factores de RCV con mayor presencia en la población estudiada fueron: edad, hipertensión arterial, tabaquismo, diabetes mellitus y sobrepeso/obesidad, todos ellos altamente ligados a la inactividad física. &nbsp

First Measurement of the Charge Asymmetry in Beauty-Quark Pair Production

The difference in the angular distributions between beauty quarks and antiquarks, referred to as the charge asymmetry, is measured for the first time in b (b) over bar pair production at a hadron collider. The data used correspond to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb(-1) collected at 7 TeV center-of-mass energy in proton-proton collisions with the LHCb detector. The measurement is performed in three regions of the invariant mass of the b (b) over bar system. The results obtained are A(C)(b (b) over bar) (40 10(5) GeV/c(2)) = 1.6 +/- 1.7 +/- 0.6%,where A(C)(b (b) over bar) is defined as the asymmetry in the difference in rapidity between jets formed from the beauty quark and antiquark, where in each case the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. The beauty jets are required to satisfy 2 20 GeV, and have an opening angle in the transverse plane Delta phi > 2.6 rad. These measurements are consistent with the predictions of the standard model

Long-baseline neutrino oscillation physics potential of the DUNE experiment

The sensitivity of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) to neutrino oscillation is determined, based on a full simulation, reconstruction, and event selection of the far detector and a full simulation and parameterized analysis of the near detector. Detailed uncertainties due to the flux prediction, neutrino interaction model, and detector effects are included. DUNE will resolve the neutrino mass ordering to a precision of 5σ, for all ΑCP values, after 2 years of running with the nominal detector design and beam configuration. It has the potential to observe charge-parity violation in the neutrino sector to a precision of 3σ (5σ) after an exposure of 5 (10) years, for 50% of all ΑCP values. It will also make precise measurements of other parameters governing long-baseline neutrino oscillation, and after an exposure of 15 years will achieve a similar sensitivity to sin22θ13 to current reactor experiments

First results on ProtoDUNE-SP liquid argon time projection chamber performance from a beam test at the CERN Neutrino Platform

The ProtoDUNE-SP detector is a single-phase liquid argon time projection chamber with an active volume of 7.2× 6.1× 7.0 m3. It is installed at the CERN Neutrino Platform in a specially-constructed beam that delivers charged pions, kaons, protons, muons and electrons with momenta in the range 0.3 GeV/c to 7 GeV/c. Beam line instrumentation provides accurate momentum measurements and particle identification. The ProtoDUNE-SP detector is a prototype for the first far detector module of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment, and it incorporates full-size components as designed for that module. This paper describes the beam line, the time projection chamber, the photon detectors, the cosmic-ray tagger, the signal processing and particle reconstruction. It presents the first results on ProtoDUNE-SP\u27s performance, including noise and gain measurements, dE/dx calibration for muons, protons, pions and electrons, drift electron lifetime measurements, and photon detector noise, signal sensitivity and time resolution measurements. The measured values meet or exceed the specifications for the DUNE far detector, in several cases by large margins. ProtoDUNE-SP\u27s successful operation starting in 2018 and its production of large samples of high-quality data demonstrate the effectiveness of the single-phase far detector design

Long-baseline neutrino oscillation physics potential of the DUNE experiment

The sensitivity of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) to neutrino oscillation is determined, based on a full simulation, reconstruction, and event selection of the far detector and a full simulation and parameterized analysis of the near detector. Detailed uncertainties due to the flux prediction, neutrino interaction model, and detector effects are included. DUNE will resolve the neutrino mass ordering to a precision of 5σ, for all δ_(CP) values, after 2 years of running with the nominal detector design and beam configuration. It has the potential to observe charge-parity violation in the neutrino sector to a precision of 3σ (5σ) after an exposure of 5 (10) years, for 50% of all δ_(CP) values. It will also make precise measurements of other parameters governing long-baseline neutrino oscillation, and after an exposure of 15 years will achieve a similar sensitivity to sin²θ₁₃ to current reactor experiments

Low exposure long-baseline neutrino oscillation sensitivity of the DUNE experiment

The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) will produce world-leading neutrino oscillation measurements over the lifetime of the experiment. In this work, we explore DUNE's sensitivity to observe charge-parity violation (CPV) in the neutrino sector, and to resolve the mass ordering, for exposures of up to 100 kiloton-megawatt-years (kt-MW-yr). The analysis includes detailed uncertainties on the flux prediction, the neutrino interaction model, and detector effects. We demonstrate that DUNE will be able to unambiguously resolve the neutrino mass ordering at a 3$\sigma$ (5$\sigma$) level, with a 66 (100) kt-MW-yr far detector exposure, and has the ability to make strong statements at significantly shorter exposures depending on the true value of other oscillation parameters. We also show that DUNE has the potential to make a robust measurement of CPV at a 3$\sigma$ level with a 100 kt-MW-yr exposure for the maximally CP-violating values \delta_{\rm CP}} = \pm\pi/2. Additionally, the dependence of DUNE's sensitivity on the exposure taken in neutrino-enhanced and antineutrino-enhanced running is discussed. An equal fraction of exposure taken in each beam mode is found to be close to optimal when considered over the entire space of interest

Prospects for beyond the Standard Model physics searches at the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment

The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) will be a powerful tool for a variety of physics topics. The high-intensity proton beams provide a large neutrino flux, sampled by a near detector system consisting of a combination of capable precision detectors, and by the massive far detector system located deep underground. This configuration sets up DUNE as a machine for discovery, as it enables opportunities not only to perform precision neutrino measurements that may uncover deviations from the present three-flavor mixing paradigm, but also to discover new particles and unveil new interactions and symmetries beyond those predicted in the Standard Model (SM). Of the many potential beyond the Standard Model (BSM) topics DUNE will probe, this paper presents a selection of studies quantifying DUNE’s sensitivities to sterile neutrino mixing, heavy neutral leptons, non-standard interactions, CPT symmetry violation, Lorentz invariance violation, neutrino trident production, dark matter from both beam induced and cosmogenic sources, baryon number violation, and other new physics topics that complement those at high-energy colliders and significantly extend the present reach

Experiment Simulation Configurations Approximating DUNE TDR

The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is a next-generation long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment consisting of a high-power, broadband neutrino beam, a highly capable near detector located on site at Fermilab, in Batavia, Illinois, and a massive liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) far detector located at the 4850L of Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota. The long-baseline physics sensitivity calculations presented in the DUNE Physics TDR, and in a related physics paper, rely upon simulation of the neutrino beam line, simulation of neutrino interactions in the near and far detectors, fully automated event reconstruction and neutrino classification, and detailed implementation of systematic uncertainties. The purpose of this posting is to provide a simplified summary of the simulations that went into this analysis to the community, in order to facilitate phenomenological studies of long-baseline oscillation at DUNE. Simulated neutrino flux files and a GLoBES configuration describing the far detector reconstruction and selection performance are included as ancillary files to this posting. A simple analysis using these configurations in GLoBES produces sensitivity that is similar, but not identical, to the official DUNE sensitivity. DUNE welcomes those interested in performing phenomenological work as members of the collaboration, but also recognizes the benefit of making these configurations readily available to the wider community.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures, configurations in ancillary files, v2 corrects a typ

Supernova Neutrino Burst Detection with the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment

The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), a 40-kton underground liquid argon time projection chamber experiment, will be sensitive to the electron-neutrino flavor component of the burst of neutrinos expected from the next Galactic core-collapse supernova. Such an observation will bring unique insight into the astrophysics of core collapse as well as into the properties of neutrinos. The general capabilities of DUNE for neutrino detection in the relevant few- to few-tens-of-MeV neutrino energy range will be described. As an example, DUNE's ability to constrain the ν_e spectral parameters of the neutrino burst will be considered