Hip MR Arthrography for Acetabular Labral Tears

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/145325/1/cpmia2602.pd

Abnormalities of the Osseous Structures of the Hip and Peri‐Articular Soft Tissues

This unit presents a basic protocol for detection and assessment of a large number of disorders arising in the bones of the hip or the surrounding soft tissues, including osteonecrosis, transient osteopenia, fractures, soft tissue injuries, and tumors. All of these disorders can be readily assessed without the use of a contrast agent. The evaluation of intra‐articular structures, in particular the acetabular labrum, however, is probably best accomplished with the use of the direct injection of a Gd‐chelate contrast agent into the hip joint. The protocol is presented for a 1.5‐Tesla system for evaluation of disease in the region of the hip. Modifications for low‐field (0.23 to 0.3 T) systems are also discussed.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/145311/1/cpmia2601.pd

Acetylation of PAMAM dendrimers for cellular delivery of siRNA

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The advancement of gene silencing via RNA interference is limited by the lack of effective short interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery vectors. Rational design of polymeric carriers has been complicated by the fact that most chemical modifications affect multiple aspects of the delivery process. In this work, the extent of primary amine acetylation of generation 5 poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers was studied as a modification for the delivery of siRNA to U87 malignant glioma cells.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>PAMAM dendrimers were reacted with acetic anhydride to obtain controlled extents of primary amine acetylation. Acetylated dendrimers were complexed with siRNA, and physical properties of the complexes were studied. Dendrimers with up to 60% of primary amines acetylated formed ~200 nm complexes with siRNA. Increasing amine acetylation resulted in reduced polymer cytotoxicity to U87 cells, as well as enhanced dissociation of dendrimer/siRNA complexes. Acetylation of dendrimers reduced the cellular delivery of siRNA which correlated with a reduction in the buffering capacity of dendrimers upon amine acetylation. Confocal microscopy confirmed that escape from endosomes is a major barrier to siRNA delivery in this system.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Primary amine acetylation of PAMAM dendrimers reduced their cytotoxicity to U87 cells, and promoted the release of siRNA from dendrimer/siRNA complexes. A modest fraction (approximately 20%) of primary amines of PAMAM can be modified while maintaining the siRNA delivery efficiency of unmodified PAMAM, but higher degrees of amine neutralization reduced the gene silencing efficiency of PAMAM/siRNA delivery vectors.</p

The Effects of Day Care Participation on Parent-Infant Interaction at Home

This study assessed how parents who placed their children in a high-quality infant and toddler program were, over time, influenced by three salient features of the center: its child-centered focus, its social orientation, and its support for men in nurturing roles

The Effects of Day Care Participation on Parent-Infant Interaction at Home

This study assessed how parents who placed their children in a high-quality infant and toddler program were, over time, influenced by three salient features of the center: its child-centered focus, its social orientation, and its support for men in nurturing roles

Mitotic phosphorylation by NEK6 and NEK7 reduces the microtubule affinity of EML4 to promote chromosome congression

EML4 is a microtubule-associated protein that promotes microtubule stability. We investigated its regulation across the cell cycle and found that EML4 was distributed as punctate foci along the microtubule lattice in interphase but exhibited reduced association with spindle microtubules in mitosis. Microtubule sedimentation and cryo–electron microscopy with 3D reconstruction revealed that the basic N-terminal domain of EML4 mediated its binding to the acidic C-terminal tails of α- and β-tubulin on the microtubule surface. The mitotic kinases NEK6 and NEK7 phosphorylated the EML4 N-terminal domain at Ser144 and Ser146 in vitro, and depletion of these kinases in cells led to increased EML4 binding to microtubules in mitosis. An S144A-S146A double mutant not only bound inappropriately to mitotic microtubules but also increased their stability and interfered with chromosome congression. In addition, constitutive activation of NEK6 or NEK7 reduced the association of EML4 with interphase microtubules. Together, these data support a model in which NEK6- and NEK7-dependent phosphorylation promotes the dissociation of EML4 from microtubules in mitosis in a manner that is required for efficient chromosome congression

Genetic polymorphisms in DPF3 associated with risk of breast cancer and lymph node metastases

BACKGROUND: Several studies have identified rare genetic variations responsible for many cases of familial breast cancer but their contribution to total breast cancer incidence is relatively small. More common genetic variations with low penetrance have been postulated to account for a higher proportion of the population risk of breast cancer. METHODS AND RESULTS: In an effort to identify genes that influence non-familial breast cancer risk, we tested over 25,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located within approximately 14,000 genes in a large-scale case-control study in 254 German women with breast cancer and 268 age-matched women without malignant disease. We identified a marker on chromosome 14q24.3-q31.1 that was marginally associated with breast cancer status (OR = 1.5, P = 0.07). Genotypes for this SNP were also significantly associated with indicators of breast cancer severity, including presence of lymph node metastases (P = 0.006) and earlier age of onset (P = 0.01). The association with breast cancer status was replicated in two independent samples (OR = 1.35, P = 0.05). High-density association fine mapping showed that the association spanned about 80 kb of the zinc-finger gene DPF3 (also known as CERD4). One SNP in intron 1 was found to be more strongly associated with breast cancer status in all three sample collections (OR = 1.6, P = 0.003) as well as with increased lymph node metastases (P = 0.01) and tumor size (P = 0.01). CONCLUSION: Polymorphisms in the 5' region of DPF3 were associated with increased risk of breast cancer development, lymph node metastases, age of onset, and tumor size in women of European ancestry. This large-scale association study suggests that genetic variation in DPF3 contributes to breast cancer susceptibility and severity

Prospectus, October 25, 1984

NICARAGUAN ISSUES PRESENTED; How important is one vote?; Republicans believe their policies are best; Dear Prospectus staff; Democrats believe they have the answers; Busing of private school students Who will foot the bill?; Library director\u27s son honored Johnson is All-American; Library undergoes computerization; PC Happenings; Women\u27s workshop turns to life choices; Family program offered in 4 parts; Health professionals workshop set; Board considers program additions; The Bowling Pin; Wife abuse still widespread problem; Did you know...TV Trivia; Gammon designs for bazaar; International students plan Halloween party; Block talented in diverse fields; Creative Corner...Especially for you!!; Doom Story-the climax draws near; Nuclear Weapons Freeze; Rejoice the Poet; Sacred Love; The Little Red Dog; The Unopened Gate; One More Time; The Run; RS 1981-82; Decisions; Watching; The Widower; Classifieds; Farrah can act; The Burning Bed alters opinions; Tina\u27s hot as a solo; Joan\u27s newest lacks punch; Why is Harry so much trouble; Furs possess unique style; Motherhood makes humorous reading; Budget bin; Lady Cobras compile 7-1 record in tournament; Clifton, Sullivan guest on Cobra Rap show; Gold defeat Green in 4 games; Peterson to nationalshttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1984/1007/thumbnail.jp

Mitotic phosphorylation by NEK6 and NEK7 reduces microtubule affinity of EML4 to promote chromosome congression

EML4 is a microtubule-associated protein that promotes microtubule stability. We investigated its regulation across the cell cycle and found that EML4 was distributed as punctate foci along the microtubule lattice in interphase but exhibited reduced association with spindle microtubules in mitosis. Microtubule sedimentation and cryo-electron microscopy with 3D reconstruction revealed that the basic N-terminal domain of EML4 mediated its binding to the acidic C-terminal tails of α- and β-tubulin on the microtubule surface. The mitotic kinases NEK6 and NEK7 phosphorylated the EML4 N-terminal domain at Ser144 and Ser146 in vitro, and depletion of these kinases in cells led to increased EML4 binding to microtubules in mitosis. An S144A-S146A double mutant not only bound inappropriately to mitotic microtubules but also increased their stability and interfered with chromosome congression. Meanwhile, constitutive activation of NEK6 or NEK7 reduced EML4 association with interphase microtubules. Together, these data support a model in which NEK6- and NEK7- dependent phosphorylation promotes dissociation of EML4 from microtubules in mitosis in a manner that is required for efficient chromosome congression