399 research outputs found
On induced CPT-odd Chern-Simons terms in 3+1 effective action
This paper was originally designated as Comment to the paper by R. Jackiw and
V. Alan Kostelecky (hep-ph/9901358). We provide an example of the fermionic
system, the superfluid 3He-A, in which the CPT-odd Chern-Simons terms in the
effective action are unambiguously induced by chiral fermions. In this system
the Lorentz and gauge invariances both are violated at high energy, but the
behavior of the system beyond the cut-off is known. This allows us to construct
the CPT-odd action, which combines the conventional 3+1 Chern-Simons term and
the mixed axial-gravitational Chern-Simons term discussed in hep-ph/9905460.
The influence of Chern-Simons term on the dynamics of the effective gauge field
has been experimentally observed in rotating 3He-A.Comment: RevTex, 3 pages, no figures, extended version of Comment to the paper
by R. Jackiw and V. Alan Kostelecky (hep-ph/9901358), to appear in JETP Let
Contributions to the Power Spectrum of Cosmic Microwave Background from Fluctuations Caused by Clusters of Galaxies
We estimate the contributions to the cosmic microwave background radiation
(CMBR) power spectrum from the static and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ)
effects, and from the moving cluster of galaxies (MCG) effect. We conclude, in
agreement with other studies, that at sufficiently small scales secondary
fluctuations caused by clusters provide important contributions to the CMBR. At
, these secondary fluctuations become important relative to
lensed primordial fluctuations. Gravitational lensing at small angular scales
has been proposed as a way to break the ``geometric degeneracy'' in determining
fundamental cosmological parameters. We show that this method requires the
separation of the static SZ effect, but the kinematic SZ effect and the MCG
effect are less important. The power spectrum of secondary fluctuations caused
by clusters of galaxies, if separated from the spectrum of lensed primordial
fluctuations, might provide an independent constraint on several important
cosmological parameters.Comment: LateX, 41 pages and 10 figures. Accepted for publication in the
Astrophysical Journa
Phenomenological analysis of K+ meson production in proton-nucleus collisions
Total and differential cross sections from literature, on the production of
K+ mesons in pA interactions at projectile energies between T=0.8 and 2.9 GeV,
covering the transition across the free nucleon-nucleon threshold at 1.58 GeV,
have been investigated. From the target-mass dependence of the production cross
sections no evidence for the expected change of the dominant reaction mechanism
from two-step to direct kaon production was found. At T=1.0 GeV the A
dependences of the total cross sections and of the most recent data from
COSY-Juelich, differential cross sections measured under forward angles, are
strongly different. The invariant K+ production cross sections show an overall
exponential scaling behavior with the squared four-momentum transfer between
the beam proton and the produced K+ meson for t< -0.05 GeV^2 independent of the
beam energy and emission angle. The data from COSY-Juelich reveal a strongly
different t dependence in the region of t>0 GeV^2. Further data at forward
angles and different beam energies should be taken in order to explore this
region of kinematically extreme conditions.Comment: 9 Pages, 11 Figure
A review of research into business coaching supervision
A systematic search of the coaching literature for original peer-reviewed studies into business coaching supervision yielded seven research reports. Evaluation of these studies showed them to be low in the reporting of methodological rigour. However, as an emerging area of research with great importance for the development of the profession of business coaching these studies provide valuable insights into the functions of supervision and its benefits. Gaps in knowledge and directions for future research are identified. There is a need for future research to be more rigorous in its reporting of methods and analytic procedures, small scale qualitative research that can provide insight into the issues and challenges of coaching supervision in specific contexts, and large scale quantitative research which can provide broader and generalizable understandings into the uses and benefits of supervision
The Abnormally Weighting Energy Hypothesis: the Missing Link between Dark Matter and Dark Energy
We generalize tensor-scalar theories of gravitation by the introduction of an
abnormally weighting type of energy. This theory of tensor-scalar anomalous
gravity is based on a relaxation of the weak equivalence principle that is now
restricted to ordinary visible matter only. As a consequence, the convergence
mechanism toward general relativity is modified and produces naturally cosmic
acceleration as an inescapable gravitational feedback induced by the
mass-variation of some invisible sector. The cosmological implications of this
new theoretical framework are studied. From the Hubble diagram cosmological
test \textit{alone}, this theory provides an estimation of the amount of
baryons and dark matter in the Universe that is consistent with the independent
cosmological tests of Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and Big Bang
Nucleosynthesis (BBN). Cosmic coincidence is naturally achieved from a equally
natural assumption on the amplitude of the scalar coupling strength. Finally,
from the adequacy to supernovae data, we derive a new intriguing relation
between the space-time dependences of the gravitational coupling and the dark
matter mass, providing an example of crucial constraint on microphysics from
cosmology. This glimpses at an enticing new symmetry between the visible and
invisible sectors, namely that the scalar charges of visible and invisible
matter are exactly opposite.Comment: 24 pages, 6 figures, new version with extended discussions and added
references. Accepted for publication in JCAP (sept. 2008
Cosmic Evolution with Early and Late Acceleration Inspired by Dual Nature of the Ricci Scalar Curvature
In the present paper, it is found that dark energy emerges spontaneously from
the modified gravity. According to cosmological scenario, obtained here, the
universe inflates for sec. in the beginning and late universe
accelerates after 8.58 Gyrs. During the long intermediate period, it
decelerates driven by radiation and subsequently by matter. Emerged
gravitational dark energy mimics quintessence and its density falls by 115
orders from its initial value to its current
value .Comment: 40 pages. To appearin Int. J. Mod. Phys.
Target mass number dependence of subthreshold antiproton production in proton-, deuteron- and alpha-particle-induced reactions
Data from KEK on subthreshold \bar{\mrm{p}} as well as on and
\mrm{K}^\pm production in proton-, deuteron- and -induced reactions
at energies between 2.0 and 12.0 A GeV for C, Cu and Pb targets are described
within a unified approach. We use a model which considers a nuclear reaction as
an incoherent sum over collisions of varying numbers of projectile and target
nucleons. It samples complete events and thus allows for the simultaneous
consideration of all final particles including the decay products of the
nuclear residues. The enormous enhancement of the \bar{\mrm{p}} cross
section, as well as the moderate increase of meson production in deuteron and
induced compared to proton-induced reactions, is well reproduced for
all target nuclei. In our approach, the observed enhancement near the
production threshold is mainly due to the contributions from the interactions
of few-nucleon clusters by simultaneously considering fragmentation processes
of the nuclear residues. The ability of the model to reproduce the target mass
dependence may be considered as a further proof of the validity of the cluster
concept.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure
Coupled Maps on Trees
We study coupled maps on a Cayley tree, with local (nearest-neighbor)
interactions, and with a variety of boundary conditions. The homogeneous state
(where every lattice site has the same value) and the node-synchronized state
(where sites of a given generation have the same value) are both shown to occur
for particular values of the parameters and coupling constants. We study the
stability of these states and their domains of attraction. As the number of
sites that become synchronized is much higher compared to that on a regular
lattice, control is easier to effect. A general procedure is given to deduce
the eigenvalue spectrum for these states. Perturbations of the synchronized
state lead to different spatio-temporal structures. We find that a mean-field
like treatment is valid on this (effectively infinite dimensional) lattice.Comment: latex file (25 pages), 4 figures included. To be published in Phys.
Rev.
Non linear equation of state and effective phantom divide in brane models
Here, DGP model of brane-gravity is analyzed and compared with the standard
general relativity and Randall-Sundrum cases using non-linear equation of
state. Phantom fluid is known to violate the weak energy condition. In this
paper, it is found that this characteristic of phantom energy is affected
drastically by the negative brane-tension of the RS-II model. It is
found that in DGP model strong energy condition(SEC) is always violated and the
universe accelerates only where as in RS-II model even SEC is not violated for
and the universe decelerates
Inflationary attractor in Gauss-Bonnet brane cosmology
The inflationary attractor properties of the canonical scalar field and
Born-Infeld field are investigated in the Randall-Sundrum II scenario with a
Gauss-Bonnet term in the bulk action. We find that the inflationary attractor
property will always hold for both the canonical and Born-Infeld fields for any
allowed non-negative Gauss-Bonnet coupling. We also briefly discuss the
possibility of explaining the suppressed lower multiples and running scalar
spectral index simultaneously in the scenario of Gauss-Bonnet brane inflation.Comment: 7 pages, no figures. An error in the discussion of BI field
corrected, conclusion correcte
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