15 research outputs found
Lâacquisition des adverbiaux temporels en français Ă©crit chez lâenfant sourd : premiers rĂ©sultats comportementaux
International audienceAcquisition of temporal adverbials in written French in the deaf child: behavioral evidences. The purpose of this paper is a pilot study on the acquisition of temporal adverbials in written French in the deaf child. The conceptualization of cognitive and linguistic notions of temporality is a long developmental process in normo-typical children, and even more in deaf children. Owing to their hearing impairment and / or difficulty in language access, deaf children experience great difficulties to master the expression of temporality in French Sign Language (LSF) and written French. In order to understand the phenomenon and propose the first results on the acquisition and development of temporal adverbials, we created 3 reception tasks and 1 production task. These tasks varied in complexity of temporal adverbials used (3 semantic anchoring categories: anaphoric, deictic, frequential; 3 semantic operation categories: anteriority, identity, posteriority). We also compared skills according to the children's ILF (Indice de Fonctionnement Linguistique, i.e. Linguistic Performing Index: an index providing more objective benchmarks of their language capacity. While the data collected do not show IFL effect, they attest the more complex understanding of temporal adverbials in a multi-referential framework. These first results extend the knowledge on the development of temporality in French in deaf children.Cet article prĂ©sente les rĂ©sultats dâune Ă©tude pilote qui a pour objectif dâĂ©valuer lâacquisition dâune composante en particulier du langage, la temporalitĂ©, chez des enfants sourds du primaire et du collĂšge. Ces derniers, de par leur dĂ©ficience auditive et/ou difficultĂ© dâaccĂšs au langage, prĂ©sentent de grandes difficultĂ©s pour maĂźtriser lâexpression de la temporalitĂ© en Langue des Signes Française (LSF) et en Français Ă©crit. Afin de pallier lâabsence de donnĂ©es prĂ©cises sur lâacquisition de la composante temporelle en français Ă©crit, nous avons proposĂ© trois Ă©preuves de comprĂ©hension et une Ă©preuve de production centrĂ©es sur les adverbiaux temporels. Ces Ă©preuves ont Ă©tĂ© Ă©laborĂ©es selon une complexitĂ© supposĂ©e croissante, et reposant sur des distinctions sĂ©mantiques entre adverbiaux temporels. Nous avons Ă©galement comparĂ© les compĂ©tences en fonction de lâIndice de Fonctionnement Linguistique (IFL) des enfants, indice objectivant leur potentiel langagier. Si les donnĂ©es collectĂ©es ne permettent pas dâobserver dâeffet de lâIFL, elles attestent de la complexitĂ© Ă comprendre pour un enfant sourd des adverbiaux temporels dans un cadre multi-rĂ©fĂ©rentiel
A small-molecule cell-based screen led to the identification of biphenylimidazoazines with highly potent and broad-spectrum anti-apicomplexan activity
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Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Orally Administered Letermovir Prophylaxis in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients
With balanced safety-efficacy profile, letermovir anti-cytomegalovirus (CMV) prophylaxis is used in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients (HSCTR). We assessed feasibility and usefulness of letermovir therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in HSCTR. We performed a prospective observational study on letermovir-TDM including 40 consecutive adult CMV-seropositive allogeneic-HSCTR who received orally (PO) administered letermovir. Minimal blood concentrations of letermovir (Ctrough) were measured on days 3 and 7 postletermovir initiation and weekly thereafter. Letermovir-Ctrough remained stable during the first 70âdays post-HSCT at a median of 286âÎŒg/L (interquartile range, 131 to 591 ÎŒg/L), with large interpatient/intrapatient variability. No associations between breakthrough clinically significant CMV infection or detectable CMV DNAemia and letermovir-Ctrough were observed. Patients with letermovir-associated adverse events had higher letermovir-Ctrough than patients without (400 versus 266âÎŒg/L, Pâ=â0.02). Letermovir-Ctrough was similar in patients with or without gastrointestinal symptoms (280 versus 300âÎŒg/L, Pâ=â0.49). Acute gradeââ„2 GvHD was associated with higher letermovir-Ctrough (479 versus 248âÎŒg/L, Pâ=â0.001), including gastrointestinal GvHD (499 versus 263âÎŒg/L, Pâ=â0.004). Concomitantly administered posaconazole and cyclosporine were associated with higher letermovir-Ctrough (707 versus 259âÎŒg/L, Pâ<â0.001 and 437 versus 248âÎŒg/L, Pâ=â0.01, respectively). In multivariable analysis, both posaconazole (odds ratio [OR], 4.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.4 to 9.7; Pâ<â0.0001) and cyclosporine-adjusted letermovir dose at 240âmg daily (OR, 3.5; 95% CI, 1.4 to 9.0; Pâ=â0.01) were independently associated with higher letermovir-Ctrough. In conclusion, administration of PO letermovir led to measurable and relatively stable letermovir-Ctrough, without noticeable associations with clinical efficacy. Letermovir exposure was not affected by gastrointestinal symptoms, but with posaconazole and cyclosporine administration. Associations between letermovir and concomitantly administered agents and adverse events warrant additional clinical studies
Effect of 5-Day Nitrofurantoin vs Single-Dose Fosfomycin on Clinical Resolution of Uncomplicated Lower Urinary Tract Infection in Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial
The use of nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin has increased since guidelines began recommending them as first-line therapy for lower urinary tract infection (UTI)
Populations of extended-spectrum ÎČ-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are different in human-polluted environment and food items: a multicentre European study
Objectives: To assess the extent to which food items are a source of extended-spectrum ÎČ-lactamase (ESBL) -producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-Ec) and ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-Kp) for humans in five European cities
Household acquisition and transmission of extended-spectrum ÎČ-lactamase (ESBL) -producing Enterobacteriaceae after hospital discharge of ESBL-positive index patients
International audienceThis study aimed to determine rates and risk factors of extended-spectrum ÎČ-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) acquisition and transmission within households after hospital discharge of an ESBL-PE-positive index patient
Household acquisition and transmission of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae after hospital discharge of ESBL-positive index patients
This study aimed to determine rates and risk factors of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) acquisition and transmission within households after hospital discharge of an ESBL-PE-positive index patient