Incidencia de la aplicación de una unidad didáctica en el manejo del bullying, a través de la implementación de una sala de conciliación en los estudiantes de grado 5° de la Institución Educativa Cámara Junior-sede Cámara Junior

El fenómeno del bullying es una problemática que aqueja cada vez más los contextos escolares, que adquiere relevancia a nivel mundial, en Colombia ha venido aumentando, alcanzando cifras alarmantes y el contexto educativo de Armenia no es ajeno a ello. El presente proyecto de investigación pretende revelar los resultados obtenidos, a través de la implementación de una unidad didáctica, en el manejo del bullying, a través de la implementación de una sala de conciliación, en los estudiantes de Grado 5° de la Institución Educativa Cámara Junior-Sede Cámara Junior Armenia, Quindío. Lo anterior, permitió el abordaje de este fenómeno, a partir de los siguientes temas: concepto, causas, consecuencias y tipos de bullying. Así como la mediación que se puede dar entre pares, como estrategia para su manejo y/o prevención

Estimation and experimental validation of the circulation time in a 2D gas-solid fluidized beds

The circulation time is defined as the time required for a group of particles to reach the freeboard from the bottom of a fluidized bed and return to their original height. This work presents an estimation and validation of the circulation time in a 2D gas solid bubbling fluidized bed under different operating conditions. The circulation time is based on the concept of the turnover time, which was previously defined by Geldart [1] as the time required to turn the bed over once. The equation tc,est =2Ah′/Qb is used to calculate the circulation time, where A is the cross section of the fluidized bed, h′ is the effective fluidized bed height and Qb is the visible bubble flow. The estimation of the circulation time is based on the operating parameters and the bub ble phase properties, including the bubble diameter, bubble velocity and bed expansion. The experiments for the validation were carried out in a 2D bubbling fluidized bed. The dense phase velocity was measured with a high speed camera and non intrusive techniques such as particle image velocimetry (PIV) and digital image analysis (DIA), and the experimental circulation time was calculated for all cases. The agreement between the theoretical and experimental circulation times was satisfactory, and hence, the proposed estimation can be used to reliably predict the circulation time.Publicad

Influence of eccentricity on the thermomechanical performance of a bayonet tube of a central solar receiver

This work numerically evaluates the thermal and mechanical behaviors of eccentric bayonet tubes to be used in external central receivers of solar power tower plants. A bayonet tube is composed of two tubes, one inside the other, creating circular and annular sections, through which the molten salt of the receiver sequentially flows. Eccentricity in the annular section is achieved by displacing the axis of the interior tube with regard to the exterior one. For comparative purposes, two examples of conventional tubes (single tubes with circular cross-sections with diameters of 25mm and 50mm) are also investigated in this work to compare their performances with those of bayonet tubes. The results obtained with the eccentric configurations show an enhancement of the heat transfer to the molten salt and a reduction of the tube wall overheating compared with the concentric bayonet tubes and the largest simple tube. For conditions representative of the normal operation of a solar power tower, eccentric bayonet tubes could reduce the pressure drop by 30.8% and increase the convective heat transfer achieved in a concentric configuration of the bayonet tube by 26.1%. Nevertheless, this pressure drop was considerably higher than those obtained in the smallest and largest simple tubes, which were 1.28 bar and 0.13 bar, respectively. To investigate whether the enhancement of the convection heat transfer experienced by bayonet tubes compensates for their higher pressure drop or not, a Performance Evaluation Criterion (PEC) was proposed and used to compare the global performance of bayonet tubes with that of conventional tubes. The bayonet tubes with eccentricity 0.45 obtained the largest PEC, which was up to 13% higher than reference conventional tubes. Enhancement of the tube wall refrigeration produced when increasing the eccentricity is reflected in the maximum tube temperature and thermal stresses, which are found to diminish by approximately 8.8% with the highest eccentricity. In addition, the largest eccentric bayonet tube layout obtains the smallest peak temperatures compared to conventional tubes. The lower inertial moment of the smallest conventional tube indicates that its thermal stress is 2.1% lower than the stress obtained in the most eccentric layout analyzed in this work. Nevertheless, the time to rupture associated with creep damage of the eccentric bayonet tube is 1.04 times higher than that obtained in the smallest simple tube, demonstrating that bayonet tubes could be a potential alternative to the current tubes of external tubular receivers.The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by the grants RTI2018-096664-B-C21 funded by FEDER/Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación-Agencia Estatal de Investigación, Spain and PID2021-122895OB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe”. This work was also financed by the Community of Madrid, Spain through the line of “Excelencia del Profesorado Universitario” of the Pluriannual Agreement with the UC3M, Spain (EPUC3M22), within the framework of the V PRICIT (V Plan Regional de Investigación Científica e Innovación Tecnológica). Rafael Pérez-Álvarez acknowledges support from the scholarship ”Ayudas para contratos predoctorales para la formación de doctores” BES-2016-078455 awarded by the Ministerio de Economá, Industria y Competitividad, Spain

O campo musical no Paraguai e o problema da modernização

Anais do VI Encontro de Iniciação Científica e II Encontro Anual de Iniciação ao Desenvolvimento Tecnológico e Inovação – EICTI 2017 - 04 a 06 de outubro de 2017- temática Linguística, Letras e ArtesO principal objetivo desta pesquisa foi buscar e interpretar dados que permitissem verificar a existência de um campo da música popular no Paraguai tendo em vista o problema mais amplo da modernização dos gêneros de música popular latino-americanos. Nesse sentido, uma importante via de interpretação para o problema nos foi dada pela introdução e incorporação do jazz no paísUniversidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana (Unila); Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq); Fundação Araucária; Parque Tecnológico Itaipu (PTI) e Companhia de Saneamento do Paraná (SANEPAR

The water cost effect of hybrid-parallel condensing systems in the thermo-economical performance of solar tower plants

The importance of considering the water price in the analysis of the impact of dry versus hybrid condensing systems in the thermo economical performance of solar tower plants was demonstrated in this work. The dry condensing system consists of several induced-draft air-cooled condenser cells (ACCs) and the hybrid system consists of a parallel system where the condensing steam is split between the ACCs and a surface steam condenser where circulating water is cooled in a wet mechanical-draft cooling tower. The influence of the operating parameters of either the dry or wet cooling systems on the cooling load and fan power consumption were studied. Then, for a given condensing system (a system with a defined number of installed ACCs units and cooling tower units) and given the dry-air and wet-bulb air temperatures, the operating parameters were optimized to maximize the revenues of the power plant. This optimization depends on the water-to-electricity price ratio , showing that at low ambient temperature when this ratio increases it is not profitable to turn on the cooling towers since the water cost is not counterbalanced by the higher cycle efficiency obtained with the lower condensation temperature. Finally, the annual operation and the LCOE and NPV of the CSP plant located in Dunhuang were analyzed for both dry and hybrid condensing systems with different number of ACCs and wet towers, showing that the most cost-effective configuration is the 16 ACCs with 3 wet cooling towers for water-to-electricity price ratio = 4 ($/m3)/($/kWhe) and = 5 ($/m3)/($/kWhe), but for = 10($/m3)/($/kWhe), the best option is with only 2 wet towers.This research is partially funded by the Spanish government under the project RTI2018-096664-B-C21 (MICINN/FEDER, UE)

Comparison of the heat transfer characteristics of molten salt, liquid sodium and supercritical CO2 in bayonet tubes of solar tower receivers

The solar tower receivers tend to experience rupture problems due to the high thermal gradients and the corrosion produced by the working fluid, typically solar salt. In this work we have developed a series of CFD simulations to study a new receiver design composed of bayonet tubes aimed to reduce the overheating the receiver in the most thermally demanded area. These simulations evaluate the thermal behavior of the tubes for different working fluids, i.e. molten salt, liquid sodium and supercritical CO2. The simulations show that, for all the working fluids analyzed, it is possible to reduce the high temperatures of the tube thanks to the asymmetries created when the bayonet tube has an eccentric configuration. Besides, the greatest reduction of temperature in bayonet tubes is achieved when the working fluid is liquid sodium due to its higher thermal conductivity.The authors would like to thank the financial support provided by the Spanish government through the project ENE2015-69486-R (MINECO / FEDER, UE)

Análisis de riesgos y oportunidades de la producción de biocombustibles frente a la seguridad alimentaria en Colombia

Trabajo de investigaciónEste trabajo busca desarrollar una matriz que muestre cuales son los riesgos y oportunidades de la producción de biocombustibles frente a la seguridad alimentaria en Colombia, teniendo en cuenta factores como el desarrollo social ambiental y económico, para la toma de decisiones eficiente, pero a la vez eficaces que favorezcan a la economía del país sus habitantes y su medio ambiente.1. CAPITULO I. 2. INTRODUCCIÓN. 3. PLANTEAMIENTO DEL PROBLEMA. 4. JUSTIFICACIÓN. 5. METODOLOGÍA. 6. CAPÍTULO II. 7. MARCO DE REFERENCIA. 8. CAPITULO III. 9. RESULTADOS. 10. DISCUSIÓN DE RESULTADOS. 11. CAPITULO IV. CONCLUSIONES. RECOMENDACIONES.PregradoEconomist

La representación de la família negra de clase media brasileña y la producción independiente de cortometrajes

Artigo de Conclusão de Curso apresentado ao Instituto Latino-Americano de Arte, Cultura e História da Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana, como requisito parcial à obtenção do título de Bacharel em Cinema e Audiovisual.Utilizando-se da análise dos filmes Deus (Vinícius Silva, 2017), Nada (Gabriel Martins, 2017) e Pele suja minha carne (Bruno Ribeiro, 2016) este trabalho tem como objetivo discutir como o nicho de produção cinematográfica de curta-metragens independentes tem preenchido a lacuna na representação da família negra de classe média brasileira. Dialogando com o que se entende como movimento de Cinema Negro Brasileiro se buscará encontrar afinidades tanto do ponto de vista temático especialmente a partir de um pensamento interseccional, assim como da posição ocupada pelas cineastas negras e suas obras no mercado cinematográfico.A partir del análisis de las películas Deus (Vinícius Silva 2017), Nada (Gabriel Martins, 2017 y Pele suja minha carne (Bruno Ribeirto, 2017) este trabajo tiene como objetivo cómo el nicho de producción independiente de cortometrajes ha llenadoun vacío em la representación de la mailia negra de clase media brasileña. Dialogando con lo que se entiende como movimiento de Cine Negro Brasileño se buscará encontrar afinidades como de la posición ocupada por las cineatras negras y sus obras em el mercado cinematográfico

Carbon dioxide and acetone mixtures as refrigerants for industry heat pumps to supply temperature in the range 150-220 ºC

Industry decarbonization is a key a challenge towards the transition to climate neutrality. Indeed, there is a need to satisfy heat at temperatures higher than 150 °C in relevant industrial sectors by upgrading lower temperature heat flows, such as heat from renewable heat sources, ambient heat or industrial waste heat. High temperature heat pumps (HTHP) can upgrade such heat flows enabling great savings in carbon emissions. New refrigerants are needed to develop HTHPs achieving high performances at high temperatures. This paper proposes the use of a new zeotropic mixture composed of carbon dioxide and acetone as the refrigerant of HTHPs working in the temperature range of 150-220 °C. The new fluid is compared with existing pure refrigerants currently used. The thermodynamic characterization of the CO2/acetone mixtures shows temperature glides below 50 K for CO2 mass fractions up to 10%. The best HTHP performance is shown for the mixture 5% CO2/95% acetone in mass fraction. For instance, such a mixture obtains a COP of 5.63 when the target outlet sink temperature is 200 °C and the temperature difference between the outlet heat sink and the inlet heat source is 70 K, showing an improvement of 46% compared to pure acetone.This work has been supported by the Madrid Government (Comunidad de Madrid-Spain) under the Multiannual Agreement with UC3M in the line of Excellence of University Professors (EPUC3M22), and in the context of the V PRICIT (Regional Programme of Research and Technological Innovation).Publicad