Estudio para medir el nivel de adopcion de Internet de las Universidades Chilenas en base al modelo eMica.

67 p.El propósito del siguiente estudio es conocer el grado de adopción institucional de Internet en las universidades chilenas. Para ello se utilizó el modelo extendido de adopción del comercio en Internet (eMICA), que consta de tres etapas: promoción, provisión y procesamiento el cual ya había sido utilizado en la industria del turismo en el año 2000 en Australia, Nueva Zelanda y Chile. Este modelo provee indicadores que permiten determinar el nivel de desarrollo alcanzado por las páginas Web de cada universidad, debido a que incorpora tres niveles de procesos comerciales: promoción, provisión y procesamiento. Para tales efectos, se evaluaron las 60 universidades existentes en el país. Además fueron clasificadas de acuerdo a diversos criterios, que permitieron realizar un estudio comparativo dentro de la industria dándose un mayor énfasis a la Universidad de Talca. Los resultados a grandes rasgos revelaron que el 75% de las universidades chilenas se encuentran en la etapa 3 de procesamiento del modelo eMICA lo que refleja que han alcanzado un alto nivel funcionalidad en sus páginas Web. Es destacable que ninguna de ellas se encuentra en los niveles más bajos. Palabras claves: promoción, provisión, procesamiento, adopción

Estimation of water quality parameters using landsat 8 images: application to playa Colorada Bay, Sinaloa, Mexico

In this study, empirical models were generated to estimate water quality parameters, with the objective of showing the benefits of the satellite remote sensing application in the characterization of coastal waters. The study area was Playa Colorada Bay, located in the northwest of Mexico, in the eastern part of the Gulf of California. In two seasons of the year, on-site and laboratory characterizations were carried out to determine the spatial and temporal variation of phosphates (PO4), electrical conductivity (EC), total suspended solids (TSS), turbidity, and pH of water. Samplings were selected to match Landsat 8 satellite overpass in the study area. Radiometric and atmospheric corrections were applied to the images, prior to the generation of the models. The models were generated using the linear regression technique of successive steps; water quality parameters and their logarithms were used as dependent variables, and as independent variables were used corrected reflectance values of Landsat images. The results showed that the concentration of PO4 in the analyzed water samples were higher than those recommended in the Mexican ecological criteria of water quality, to protect the aquatic life of marine water in coastal areas. In autumn, PO4 was correlated with turbidity, T, pH, and TSS. The highest correlation coefficients were presented by TSS with PO4 (r = − 0.979) and pH (r = 0.958). The water quality models that were generated had coefficients of determination (R2) in the range of 0.637 to 0.955 and show the viability of the application of Landsat 8 images in the characterization of water quality parameters in Playa Colorada Bay. Models allowed the estimation of the distribution of water quality parameters over the whole bay instead of only at the sampling stations, favoring a better understanding of their spatial distribution

Use of LANDSAT 8 images for depth and water quality assessment of el Guájaro Reservoir, Colombia

The aim of this study was to evaluate the viability of using Landsat 8 spectral images to estimate water quality parameters and depth in El Guájaro Reservoir. On February and March 2015, two samplings were carried out in the reservoir, coinciding with the Landsat 8 images. Turbidity, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, pH and depth were evaluated. Through multiple regression analysis between measured water quality parameters and the reflectance of the pixels corresponding to the sampling stations, statistical models with determination coefficients between 0.6249 and 0.9300 were generated. Results indicate that from a small number of measured parameters we can generate reliable models to estimate the spatial variation of turbidity, dissolved oxygen, pH and depth, as well the temporal variation of electrical conductivity, so models generated from Landsat 8 can be used as a tool to facilitate the environmental, economic and social management of the reservoir

Effects of beach tourists on bathing water and sand quality at Puerto Velero, Colombia

Fragile coastal areas suffer from human activities. Environmental quality is one of the most important aspects in a tourist destination of sun and sand. The quality of bathing water and sand became indicators in the worldwide competition of beach destinations. We studied the water and sand quality along the beach of Puerto Velero, in northern Colombia. Water and sand beach quality were monitored during thirteen months. This allowed identifying the most significant sources of pollution along the beach, and understanding the interrelationship between tourism and the effects on the environment. Linear correlations allow assessing the association between the number of visitors and the physicochemical and microbiological parameters. The number of visitors was directly correlated with the presence of grease and oils, both in water and sand, as well as with fecal coliforms in water. A relation between the suspended solids and the presence of fecal coliforms in water and sand was observed. This statistical approach allows understanding the origin of beach sand and swimming water pollution at tourist beaches

Propuesta para disminuir el ausentimo y su impacto en los costos en empresa de servicios de logista internacional

Diseñar una propuesta para disminuir el ausentismo laboral y su impacto en los costos de una empresa de logística internacional, según las estadísticas de ausentismo del 2017Una empresa de logístico internacional, lleva 70 años en el mercado, por lo que luego de una gerencia general por mas de30 años se hizo necesario cambio generacional, siendo el mercado de las mudanzas internacionales un mercado exigente en cuanto a calidad del servicio desde el acompañamiento constante a los clientes como en la calidad del empaque, siendo esta una de las más reconocidas del sector. Teniendo en cuenta esto último, es de gran importancia el recurso humano altamente calificado, para un servicio vip calificado; sin embargo al presentarse una tasa de ausentismo alto durante el 2017 por parte de los colaboradores que hacen parte de la planta de empleados, se están generando impactos negativos a nivel económico, y a nivel psicosocial, económicos y en la calidad del servicio. Por lo que en el siguiente trabajo de grado se evaluaron las causas y/o variables que llevaron a este ausentismo y se brinda una propuesta que le permita a la organización disminuir los costos del ausentismo y este como ta

Propuesta para disminuir el ausentimo y su impacto en los costos en empresa de servicios de logista internacional

Diseñar una propuesta para disminuir el ausentismo laboral y su impacto en los costos de una empresa de logística internacional, según las estadísticas de ausentismo del 2017Una empresa de logístico internacional, lleva 70 años en el mercado, por lo que luego de una gerencia general por mas de30 años se hizo necesario cambio generacional, siendo el mercado de las mudanzas internacionales un mercado exigente en cuanto a calidad del servicio desde el acompañamiento constante a los clientes como en la calidad del empaque, siendo esta una de las más reconocidas del sector. Teniendo en cuenta esto último, es de gran importancia el recurso humano altamente calificado, para un servicio vip calificado; sin embargo al presentarse una tasa de ausentismo alto durante el 2017 por parte de los colaboradores que hacen parte de la planta de empleados, se están generando impactos negativos a nivel económico, y a nivel psicosocial, económicos y en la calidad del servicio. Por lo que en el siguiente trabajo de grado se evaluaron las causas y/o variables que llevaron a este ausentismo y se brinda una propuesta que le permita a la organización disminuir los costos del ausentismo y este como ta

Immune Lymphocyte Infiltrate and its Prognostic Value in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) occurs more frequently in young (<50 years) non-Hispanic black and Hispanic/Latina women. It is considered the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer, although, recently, immune infiltrate has been associated with long-term survival, lower risk of death and recurrence, and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The aim of this review was to evaluate the clinical impact of the immune infiltrate in TNBC by discussing whether its prognostic value varies across different populations. A comprehensive systematic search in databases such as PubMed and Web of Science was conducted to include papers focused on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in TNBC in different population groups and that were published before January 2021. TNBC patients with higher levels of TILs had longer overall survival and disease-free survival times compared with TNBC patients with low TIL levels. Similar results were observed for CD4+, CD8+ TIL populations. On the other hand, patients with high TIL levels showed a higher rate of pathological complete response regardless of the population group (Asian, European, and American). These results altogether suggest that TIL subpopulations might have a prognostic role in TNBC, but the underlying mechanism needs to be elucidated. Although the prognosis value of TILs was not found different between the population groups analyzed in the revised literature, further studies including underrepresented populations with different genetic ancestries are still necessary to conclude in this regard

Giardiasis in children living in post-earthquake camps from Armenia (Colombia)

BACKGROUND: An earthquake in the coffee growing region of Colombia on January 25, 1999 destroyed 70% of the houses in Armenia city. Transitory housing camps still remained until two years after the disaster. Parasitological studies found that, in this population, giardiasis was the most frequent parasitic infection. This study was carried out in order to determine the epidemiological risk factors associated with this high prevalence. METHODS: Fecal samples were obtained from 217 children aged between 3 and 13 years. Stool samples were studied by direct wet examination and stained with ferric hematoxilin for microscopical examination. Epidemiological data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by using the Epi-info software (CDC, Atlanta 2001). RESULTS: Giardia cysts were observed in 60.4% of the samples presented and trophozoites in 4.6%. The following epidemiological and laboratory factors were significantly associated with Giardia infection: 1. Use of communal toilet (vs. individual toilet) OR: 3.9, CI95%: 1.2–16; 2. water provision by municipal ducts (vs. water provision by individual tanks) OR: 3.5, CI95% 1.1–14, and 3. presence of mucus in stool OR: 2.3, IC95%: 0.9–6.7. CONCLUSIONS: A high prevalence of giardiasis was found in children living in temporary houses after the 1999 earthquake in Armenia (Colombia). Giardiasis is an emerging disease in post-disaster situations and adequate prevention measures should be implemented during these circumstances

La imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia. Departamento del Guaviare, Meta y Casanare

El siguiente trabajo presenta un análisis reflexivo sobre el caso propuesto para el abordaje mediante sustentos teóricos lo cual está basado y argumentado por medio del enfoque narrativo lo que conlleva a poder realizar un análisis detallado del sentir y el actuar de las víctimas del conflicto armado lo cual se identifica en cada uno de los relatos vistos. Inicialmente el caso elegido para el análisis se trató de Comisión de la verdad. ( 2022, 15 de abril. Historias que retornan Capítulo 4 - Shimaia. [video].) tratándose así de una Joven quien relata la forma en que debía vivir desde su infancia en medio del conflicto armado, así como también la situación de desplazamiento por la que debió pasar y factores que desencadenaron secuelas a nivel personal y social. En segundo plano se habla del caso Masacre en El Salado: (El Tiempo Casa Editorial. (2020, 11 de febrero). Relatos de resiliencia después de 20 años | El Tiempo. partiendo de la dimensión psico social y socio histórico argumentando sobre los relatos de las víctimas, así como los emergentes psicosociales, los impactos que se identifican a través de las experiencias de afrontamiento para lograr un desempeño de superación después de los traumas que se pudieron haber generado en cada víctima. Teniendo en cuenta el análisis de los dos casos se puede deliberar que se identifican daños a nivel emocional, social y cultural lo que permite establecer estrategias psico sociales para la reconstrucción de un tejido social, superación personal y tratamientos en pro de la salud mental de cada víctima.The following work presents a reflective analysis of the case proposed for the approach through theoretical support, which is based and argued through the narrative approach, which entails being able to carry out a detailed analysis of the feelings and actions of the victims of the armed conflict, which is identified in each of the stories seen. Initially, the case chosen for analysis was the Truth Commission. (Taken from; 2022, April 15. Stories that return | Chapter 4 -Shimaia. [video].Youtube. https://youtu.be/jkXiGlwbGo) in the case of a young woman who recounts the way she should live since his childhood in the midst of the armed conflict, as well as the situation of displacement that he will have to go through and factors that triggered consequences on a personal and social level. In the background there is talk of the case of the Massacre in El Salado: taken from; (El Tiempo Casa Editorial. (2020, February 11). Stories of resilience after 20 years | El Tiempo. [Video].Youtube. https://youtu.be/m5_xwJ93cSg ) starting from the psychosocial and socio-historical dimension arguing about the reports of the victims as well as the emerging psychosocial ones, the impacts that are identified through the coping experiences to achieve an improvement performance after the traumas that may have been generated in each victim. Taking into account the analysis of the two cases, it can be deliberated that emotional, social and cultural damages are identified, which allows establishing psychosocial strategies for the reconstruction of a social fabric, self-improvement and treatments for the mental health of each victim

Helicobacter pylori Genotyping from American Indigenous Groups Shows Novel Amerindian vacA and cagA Alleles and Asian, African and European Admixture

It is valuable to extend genotyping studies of Helicobacter pylori to strains from indigenous communities across the world to better define adaption, evolution, and associated diseases. We aimed to genetically characterize both human individuals and their infecting H. pylori from indigenous communities of Mexico, and to compare them with those from other human groups. We studied individuals from three indigenous groups, Tarahumaras from the North, Huichols from the West and Nahuas from the center of Mexico. Volunteers were sampled at their community site, DNA was isolated from white blood cells and mtDNA, Y-chromosome, and STR alleles were studied. H. pylori was cultured from gastric juice, and DNA extracted for genotyping of virulence and housekeeping genes. We found Amerindian mtDNA haplogroups (A, B, C, and D), Y-chromosome DYS19T, and Amerindian STRs alleles frequent in the three groups, confirming Amerindian ancestry in these Mexican groups. Concerning H.pylori cagA phylogenetic analyses, although most isolates were of the Western type, a new Amerindian cluster neither Western nor Asian, was formed by some indigenous Mexican, Colombian, Peruvian and Venezuelan isolates. Similarly, vacA phylogenetic analyses showed the existence of a novel Amerindian type in isolates from Alaska, Mexico and Colombia. With hspA strains from Mexico and other American groups clustered within the three major groups, Asian, African or European. Genotyping of housekeeping genes confirmed that Mexican strains formed a novel Asian-related Amerindian group together with strains from remote Amazon Aborigines. This study shows that Mexican indigenous people with Amerindian markers are colonized with H. pylori showing admixture of Asian, European and African strains in genes known to interact with the gastric mucosa. We present evidence of novel Amerindian cagA and vacA alleles in indigenous groups of North and South America