Criterios y pautas para la elaboración de la Guía Docente

La planificación de las asignaturas de una titulación de universitaria debe servir como marco de referencia para establecer nuevas pautas de acción. Este documento recoge las recomendaciones que, en el contexto del proyecto de Innovación Educatica de la UPM IE07 1005-028 de título "Implantación de Grupo Piloto en primer curso de la Ingeniería en Informática" han sido elaboradas para que en una primera instancia se desarrollen las guías docentes de las asignaturas de primer curso de dicha titulación en su adaptación al Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior y según las directrices del MINISTERIO DE EDUCACIÓN Y CIENCIA (REAL DECRETO 1393/2007, de 29 de octubre, por el que se establece la ordenación de las enseñanzas universitarias oficiales), así como las de la Universidad Politécnica de Madri

Texture and sensory changes of a fresh ewe's cheese packed under different modified atmospheres

Shelf-life extension of fresh ewe's milk cheese packaged with three different MAP conditions was studied. Fresh cheeses were stored in barrier trays, hermetically sealed with a barrier to gas and water film. The gas mixtures used were: 20%CO2/80%N2, 30%CO2/70%N2 and 50%CO2/50%N2. Trays were stored at 4°C and inspected at 0,7, 14 and 21 days. Physical-chernical and rnicrobiological analyses (pH, colour, dry matter, aw, mesophilic micro-organisms, psychrotrops, total coliforrns, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Staphilococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes), gas composition inside the packaging (CO2, O2 and N2), texture analysis (puncture test and Texture Pro file Analysis-TPA) and sensory evaluation (acceptability test by scoring for colour, flavour, taste and texture) were carried out. Samples packaged with 30%CO2/70% N2 and 50%CO2/50% N2 had a shelf life of 21 days. Pathogens were not found during all the storage. Cheese stored with 30%CO2/70%N2 reached the best acceptability score to the sensory evaluation

Extraordinarily Prolonged Disease Recurrence in a Granulosa Cell Tumor Patient

Background: Granulosa cell tumors are rare sex cord stromal lesions that comprise approximately 3% of all ovarian neoplasms. The vast majority of granulosa cell tumors are considered indolent but in spite of aggressive management, delayed recurrence is of significant concern. Case Report: We describe a case involving a 67-year-old woman who presented with abdominal pain, bloody stools, and mild nausea. Following a CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis, a 19-cm pelvic mass was identified. Her prior medical history included a hysterectomy for uterine fibroids 40 years ago and a bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for a presumed granulosa cell tumor 20 years ago. Final pathology revealed granulosa cell tumor with small bowel mesentery involvement. The patient underwent surgical resection and adjuvant chemotherapy; she is currently doing well. Conclusion: Granulosa cell tumors are considered to be of low malignant potential but they have the capacity to recur, even several years following initial patient management. This case exemplifies the disease’s capacity for prolonged recurrence and further accentuates the significance of long-term follow-up in these patients

Influenza della temperatura di essiccamento sui polifenoli e sulla capacità antiossidante delle susine Stanley

Changes in phenolic content, antioxidant capacity and ascorbic acid in prunes dried at 85°C and 60°C, were studied. Results obtained showed a significant decrease for ascorbic acid. It has to be highlighted that drying at 85°C resulted in keeping the polyphenolic pool and sharply raising the antioxidant activity, while the opposite happened for plums dried at 60°C. Lo studio ha riguardato l'evoluzione dei composti fenolici e dell'attività antiossidante di susine della varietà Stanley in seguito all’essiccamento a due temperature. Sui frutti freschi ed essiccati sono stati analizzati i composti fenolici, l’acido ascorbico e la capacità antiossidante. I risultati ottenuti hanno evidenziato un decremento significativo dell’acido ascorbico nei campioni essiccati. Si evidenzia che l’uso di un’alta temperatura porta ad un mantenimento della componente polifenolica ed a un aumento di oltre 9 volte dell’attività antiossidante in vitro, rispetto ai frutti freschi, mentre nelle susine essiccate a 60°C si ha una diminuzione di entrambi i parametri

Evoluzione chimico-fisica, sensoriale e della texture di un formaggio fresco pecorino confezionato in atmosfera modificata durante la shelf-life

This paper reports the results obtained from the analysis of a fresh ewe’s cheese packed under different modified atmospheres during the shelf- life. Cheese stored in 80% N2/20% CO2, at the end of the shelf-life was better than cheese packed with a 10% CO2, both for sensory characteristics and for rheological parameters, specially for the puncture force and hardness and chewiness obtained from the TPA assay. The colour was slightly more yellow than the cheese stored with 10% CO2. Il presente lavoro riporta i risultati ottenuti dall’analisi di un formaggio pecorino fresco conservato in atmosfera modificata mediante due differenti condizioni e prodotto ad una settimana di distanza uno dall’altro. L’analisi dei cambiamenti fisico-chimici, di texture e sensoriali durante la shelf-life, ha evidenziato che il campione conservato in atmosfera modificata con una percentuale di N2/CO2 pari a 80/20 si è rivelato qualitativamente superiore rispetto a quello conservato con una percentuale di N2/CO2pari a 90/10, sia per quanto concerne le caratteristiche sensoriali sia per i parametri di texture, in particolar modo per la forza alla rottura in compressione e per la durezza e masticabilità all’analisi TPA, anche se ha mostrato un ingiallimento del colore leggermente superiore rispetto alla prova conservata in miscela di gas 90/10

Effect of drying temperature on polyphenolic content and antioxidant activity of apricots

This study was carried out in order to check for the influence of drying parameters on the phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity on two apricot cultivars (Pelese and Cafona) using two sets of air drying temperatures: (1) air temperature at 55 °C; (2) air temperature at 75 °C. Whole fresh and dried fruits were assessed for: phenolics, ascorbic acid, antioxidant activity and redox potential (all parameters were calculated on a dry matter basis). Analysis of data shows that the decrease in chlorogenic and neochlorogenic acid in Cafona cultivar is higher at the lower drying temperature. Catechin showed the same behaviour of hydroxycinnamic acids in both cultivars, while the decrease in the other compounds was significantly more marked in the sample dried at 75 °C. The antioxidant activity increased significantly in Cafona fruits and this increase was confirmed by a diminution of the redox potential

Brain Gliomas and Ollier Disease: Molecular Findings as Predictive Risk Factors?

: Background: Ollier disease (OD) is a rare nonhereditary type of dyschondroplasia characterized by multiple enchondromas, with typical onset in the first decade of life. Surgery is the only curative treatment for primary disease and its complications. Patients with OD are at risk of malignant transformation of enchondromas and of occurrence of other neoplasms. Methods: A wide literature review disclosed thirty cases of glioma associated with OD, most of them belonging to the pre-molecular era. Our own case was also included. Demographic, clinical, pathologic, molecular, management, and outcome data were analyzed and compared to those of sporadic gliomas. Results: Gliomas associated with OD more frequently occur at younger age, present higher rates of multicentric lesions (49%), brainstem localizations (29%), and significantly lower rates of glioblastomas (7%) histotype. The IDH1 R132H mutation was detected in 80% of gliomas of OD patients and simultaneously in enchondromas and gliomas in 100% of cases. Conclusions: The molecular data suggest a higher risk of occurrence of glioma in patients with enchondromas harboring the IDH1 R132H mutation than those with the IDH1 R132C mutation. Thus, we suggest considering the IDH1 R132H mutation in enchondromas of patients with OD as a predictive risk factor of occurrence of glioma

MSH3 protein expression and nodal status in MLH1-deficient colorectal cancers.

View the MathML source: Colorectal tumors manifesting high-frequency microsatellite instability (MSI-H) develop genetically as a consequence of mutations in genes harboring repetitive DNA sequences. The activin type 2 receptor (ACVR2), possessing 2 polyadenine coding sequences, was identified as a mutational target, but it is not clear if expression is abrogated. Here, we analyzed MSI-H colorectal cancers for ACVR2 mutation and expression to assess if biallelic inactivation occurs. View the MathML source: All 54 MSI-H colon cancers and 20 random microsatellite stable (MSS) tumors from a population-based cohort of 503 patients were analyzed for mutations in 2 A8 tracts (exon 3 and 10) of ACVR2 and the A10 tract of transforming growth factor \u3b2 receptor 2 (TGFBR2). Additionally, we sequenced exon 10 of ACVR2 in select cancers. ACVR2 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry using an antibody targeting an epitope beyond the predicted truncated protein. View the MathML source: Forty-five of 54 MSI-H cancers (83%) showed mutation (A8 to A7) in the polyadenine tract of exon 10 compared with no MSS tumors. Of tumors with mutant ACVR2, 62% lacked protein expression but all MSS and MSI-H tumors with wild-type ACVR2 expressed protein. We found no evidence of loss of heterozygosity at the ACVR2 locus in MSS tumors. Comparatively, 69% of MSI-H cancers had frameshift mutation in TGFBR2. View the MathML source:ACVR2 mutations are highly frequent in MSI-H colon cancers and in most cases cause loss of ACVR2 expression, indicating biallelic inactivation of the gene. Loss of activin signaling through mutation of ACVR2, similar to observations with TGFBR2, may be important in the genesis of MSI-H colorectal cancer

CREACIÓN

Inmortales criaturas inexistentesDivad Somar Aral, superviviente del primerasedio a San Juan de Acre, dio noticia de un ágrafopueblo del Neget cuya fe tradujo como “fijar al viento”.Refiere Somar que estos hombres abominaron laescritura porque creyeron en la entidad del sonido, eleco inagotable de la música y la eternidad del suspiro.El copista, alarmado por su doctrina, nunca pudocomprender que la migración de los septépodos horadala brisa e impone la inmortalidad a la voz de muchospueblos del globo. El misterio cobija también la obra delmédico Louis Von El Thari, cuya conjetura primordiales la dieta de los astepos y su feliz voracidad. Estosdos episodios, sumados al monetario estornudo de loskuychés, esclarecen el origen de la inesperada venturadel que camina a casa, la tristeza de los pueblos y elencanto musical de la ventisca.  Los AsteposSegún el médico alemán, un experimentofallido, a cargo de los científicos de Hittler, terminócreando a estas extrañas criaturas, cuyo efecto fuehaber dejado a esta población entera sumida en latristeza, por lo que, según registros, fue borrada delos mapas para que nadie más sufriera su tragedia. Trypanosoma bruceiEn la cima de un árbol que ya casi se extingue,junto a la casa de esta montaña y soloen esta montaña, cohabita con el hombreun endoparásito coleccionador de acciones. Es detamaño celular, verde agua si de colocarle un colorse trata y tiene una capacidad instintiva paracomer y habitar los pensamientos humanos. Elorganismo se alimenta de las cosas que los hombresno pueden recordar cuando despiertan. Paracazar recorre día tras día las solitarias lagunas deHipnos. Se come por lo general el comienzo yel final del recuerdo y sueño, pero siempre dejaun trozo de ellos para que agonice en la realidad.Después de saciarse se pasea por encima de lasaguas exhibiendo la fe con unas débiles y delgadasfibras, hilos conductores que succionan lapintura de los rostros y los lugares.  Los Kuychése basa en el tacto, en toques unos más sutilesque otros, dependiendo del mensaje que quierentransmitir.Cuando los Kuyché nacen son de un colorrosa, pero su adultez es adquirida en dos semanas,cuando su piel pasa a ser del tono y textura deltallo del Cedrela Odorata: marrón y corrugada.Tienen patas con tres pequeños dedos en formade hojas, con porosidades por las que se alimentacon los diminutos bichos que caen bajo ellos.Poseen cuatro alas rojas que solo le permitenelevarse unos cuantos centímetros. El CuerusLos extintos indios caribes contaban que elCuerus era un castigo de los dioses a la desmesura.Esa versión la tomaron los cronistas de IndiasAlberto Mejía Sotomayor y Luciano Campuzano,quienes en el siglo XVII avistaron un espécimeny lo describieron como “una ola andante que cazaa las gentes gordas”. Aquella ocasión, un monjefue tragado y su cuerpo fue visto en el aire por elpadre Henry Mattews quien caminaba a la iglesiaa preparar la oración de laudes. La reina Ahavacuerpo cubierto, de pequeñas, coloridas y suavesplumas, que oculta bajo su manto, dejando aldescubierto, solo sus grandes ojos verdes.Que pueden ver, el mal y el bien, que hanhecho las almas que llegan desorientadas al reino,quienes han muerto en el mar, parecen perderseentre sus recuerdos de la vida y la muerte, pierdensu camino de paso a otra vida. Ahava, les otorgael regalo de encontrar su destino, con un mapainvisible que a trazos de luz los guía. Los septépedosAntes de que hubiera tronco o semillas yahabitaban los sonidos en los vientos. El silbidoleve sobre las holladuras del guamacho, el rocede las hojas de bambú en su propia enramadavino después. La bulla natural, el espíritu de laprimera música, las melodías del silencio. Sihubo alguna criatura que habita ese silencio, hayque decirlo, nada fue concluyente. Eso habríacambiado la historia. La duda sobre presenciaalguna se mantuvo por siglos. Nuevas plantascrecieron. Brotó la ceiba roja, la ceiba blanca, laceiba moraba, el campano y el camajón. El jolderlinLas moscas celebran con su inhabitualdanza nocturna en el lugar donde el jolderlinha rondado horas atrás. Cadáveres de lagartijasquedan regados por toda la estancia luego deuna noche poco agitada de esta criatura, queusualmente caza para anular las horas en que nologra conciliar el sueño. Y lo que atrapa, ya searoedores, o arañas, o algún anfibio, no muere conel vientre desgarrado, ni con la cabeza decapitada,como sus garras y colmillos podrían avisarle a unobservador atento.