Ocorrência de Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans em pacientes com periodontite crônica, periodontite agressiva, pessoas saudáveis e crianças com gengivite em duas cidades do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil

The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of isolation of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) in 100 patients with chronic periodontitis, 14 patients with aggressive periodontitis, 142 pre-school children with gingivitis and 134 periodontally healthy subjects. Samples of subgingival plaque were taken using sterilized paper points introduced into periodontal pockets or gingival crevice for 60 seconds and inoculated on TSBV agar, which was incubated under anaerobiosis at 37ºC, for 4 days. Microbial identification was performed through biochemical methods and morphocellular and morphocolonial analysis. Aa was detected in 40.3% of healthy subjects, 68% of patients with chronic periodontitis, 92.86% of patients with aggressive periodontitis and 40.14% of children with gingivitis. The rate of recovery of Aa in the tested human groups proved to be higher than previously reported and in agreement with participation of this facultative anaerobe as a member of native microbiota of the periodontium and its relation with aggressive and chronic periodontitis in Brazil.Avaliou-se a ocorrência de Actinobacillus actinmycetemcomitans (Aa) em pacientes 100 pacientes com periodontite crônica, 14 com doença periodontal agressiva, 142 crianças com gengivite em idade pré-escolar e 134 indivíduos adultos saudáveis. Amostras de placa subgengival foram coletadas usando cones de papel estéreis introduzidos nas bolsas periodontais ou no sulco gengival por 60 segundos e inoculadas em ágar TSBV, que foram incubadas em anaerobiose a 37ºC, por 4 dias. A identificação microbiana foi realizada através de análises bioquímicas, morfocelulares e morfocoloniais. Aa foi detectado em 40,3% de indivíduos saudáveis, 68% de pacientes com periodontite crônica, 92,86% de pacientes com periodontite agressiva e 40,14% das crianças com gengivite. A taxa de ocorrência de Aa nos grupos testados provou ser mais alta do que a previamente descrita na literatura e que esse microrganismo é membro freqüente da microbiota de indivíduos adultos periodontalmente sadios e de crianças com idade pré-escolar com gengivite além de sua relação com a periodontite crônica e agressiva no Brasil

The complete genome sequence of Chromobacterium violaceum reveals remarkable and exploitable bacterial adaptability

Chromobacterium violaceum is one of millions of species of free-living microorganisms that populate the soil and water in the extant areas of tropical biodiversity around the world. Its complete genome sequence reveals (i) extensive alternative pathways for energy generation, (ii) ≈500 ORFs for transport-related proteins, (iii) complex and extensive systems for stress adaptation and motility, and (iv) wide-spread utilization of quorum sensing for control of inducible systems, all of which underpin the versatility and adaptability of the organism. The genome also contains extensive but incomplete arrays of ORFs coding for proteins associated with mammalian pathogenicity, possibly involved in the occasional but often fatal cases of human C. violaceum infection. There is, in addition, a series of previously unknown but important enzymes and secondary metabolites including paraquat-inducible proteins, drug and heavy-metal-resistance proteins, multiple chitinases, and proteins for the detoxification of xenobiotics that may have biotechnological applications

Occurrence of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in patients with chronic periodontitis, aggressive periodontitis, healthy subjects and children with gingivitis in two cities of the state of São Paulo, Brazil

The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of isolation of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) in 100 patients with chronic periodontitis, 14 patients with aggressive periodontitis, 142 pre-school children with gingivitis and 134 periodontally healthy subjects. Samples of subgingival plaque were taken using sterilized paper points introduced into periodontal pockets or gingival crevice for 60 seconds and inoculated on TSBV agar, which was incubated under anaerobiosis at 37°C, for 4 days. Microbial identification was performed through biochemical methods and morphocellular and morphocolonial analysis. Aa was detected in 40.3% of healthy subjects, 68% of patients with chronic periodontitis, 92.86% of patients with aggressive periodontitis and 40.14% of children with gingivitis. The rate of recovery of Aa in the tested human groups proved to be higher than previously reported and in agreement with participation of this facultative anaerobe as a member of native microbiota of the periodontium and its relation with aggressive and chronic periodontitis in Brazil

Effect of active packages on enzymatic browning in fresh-cut potatoes (solanum tuberosum) / <br> Efeito de embalagens ativas no escurecimento enzimático de batatas (solanum tuberosum) fatiadas e minimamente processadas

The research aimed to evaluate the incidence and the populations dynamics in sugarcane crop in no-tillage system in comparison to the conventional one. The experimental design was completely random, using four replications, in a factorial 4x2 outline. The treatments were: (I) – sugarcane PC incorporated to spontaneous vegetation with manuring and (II) – the same procedure as in I without manuring; (III) – sugarcane SPD over jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis) with manuring and (IV) – the same procedure as in III without manuring; (V) – sugarcane SPD over velvet bean (Mucuna aterrima) with manuring and (VI) – the same procedure as in V without manuring and (VII) – sugarcane SPD over sunnhemp (Crotalaria juncea) with manuring and (VIII) – the same procedure as in VII without manuring. The species Cyperus rotundus and Sorghum halepense presented the highest rates of value of importance in the experimental area. Sugarcane SPD over jack bean presented the lowest similarity rate in the community of weed in relation to the sugarcane cultivated conventionally. The incidence of weed in the sugarcane PC was 531 and 525% superior in to the sugarcane SPD, and contributed to the reduction of 27% in the yield.<p><p>A vida moderna tem aumentado a demanda por frutas e hortaliças minimamente processadas, que mantêm características próximas ao “in natura”, além da praticidade e conveniência. Foi avaliado o efeito de embalagens ativas na inibição do escurecimento de batatas fatiadas minimamente processadas. Filmes de base celulósica, com 30 micras de espessura, foram incorporados com a mistura ácido ascórbico + ácido cítrico (2, 3 e 5% de cada), antioxidante metabissulfito de sódio (0,3 ; 0,5 e 1,%) e o controle (sem agente anti-escurecimento). As amostras de batatas envolvidas em filme (sem agente) e sem filme apresentaram aumento de pH de 5,7 para 6,7 após armazenamento, enquanto batatas envolvidas em filmes com adição de compostos químicos apresentaram diminuição de pH para 5,5. Os filmes incorporados com as misturas de AC e AA mantiveram a coloração inicial da batata durante o período de estocagem, enquanto que os filmes contendo metabissulfito de sódio apresentaram escurecimento intenso das batatas. Este efeito para os filmes com adição de antioxidantes ocorreu em razão da diminuição do pH, abaixo do ponto ótimo de atividade desta enzima, conseguindo reduzir a atividade relativa da enzima à menos de 50%, considerando o filme com adição de antioxidantes sendo mais efetivo no controle do escurecimento enzimático, agindo na inibição da enzima polifenoloxidase