695 research outputs found
An overview of emerging pattern mining in supervised descriptive rule discovery: taxonomy, empirical study, trends, and prospects
Emerging pattern mining is a data mining task that aims to discover discriminative patterns, which can describe emerging behavior with respect to a property of interest. In recent years, the description of datasets has become an interesting field due to the easy acquisition of knowledge by the experts. In this review, we will focus on the descriptive point of view of the task. We collect the existing approaches that have been proposed in the literature and group them together in a taxonomy in order to obtain a general vision of the task. A complete empirical study demonstrates the suitability of the approaches presented. This review also presents future trends and emerging prospects within pattern mining and the benefits of knowledge extracted from emerging patternsSpanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness under the project
TIN2015-68454-R (FEDER Founds
Scalar field in the Bianchi I: Non commutative classical and Quantum Cosmology
Using the ADM formalism in the minisuperspace, we obtain the commutative and
noncommutative exact classical solutions and exact wave function to the
Wheeler-DeWitt equation with an arbitrary factor ordering, for the anisotropic
Bianchi type I cosmological model, coupled to a scalar field, cosmological term
and barotropic perfect fluid. We introduce noncommutative scale factors,
considering that all minisuperspace variables do not commute, so the
symplectic structure was modified. In the classical regime, it is shown that
the anisotropic parameter and the field , for some
value in the cosmological term and noncommutative
parameter, present a dynamical isotropization up to a critical cosmic time
; after this time, the effects of isotropization in the noncommutative
minisuperspace seems to disappear. In the quantum regimen, the probability
density presents a new structure that corresponds to the value of the
noncommutativity parameter.Comment: 17 pages, 6 figures, Acepted in IJT
Haplotype analysis of the internationally distributed BRCA1 c.3331_3334delCAAG founder mutation reveals a common ancestral origin in Iberia
BACKGROUND: The BRCA1 c.3331_3334delCAAG founder mutation has been reported in hereditary breast and ovarian cancer families from multiple Hispanic groups. We aimed to evaluate BRCA1 c.3331_3334delCAAG haplotype diversity in cases of European, African, and Latin American ancestry. METHODS: BC mutation carrier cases from Colombia (n = 32), Spain (n = 13), Portugal (n = 2), Chile (n = 10), Africa (n = 1), and Brazil (n = 2) were genotyped with the genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays to evaluate haplotype diversity around BRCA1 c.3331_3334delCAAG. Additional Portuguese (n = 13) and Brazilian (n = 18) BC mutation carriers were genotyped for 15 informative SNPs surrounding BRCA1. Data were phased using SHAPEIT2, and identical by descent regions were determined using BEAGLE and GERMLINE. DMLE+ was used to date the mutation in Colombia and Iberia. RESULTS: The haplotype reconstruction revealed a shared 264.4-kb region among carriers from all six countries. The estimated mutation age was ~ 100 generations in Iberia and that it was introduced to South America early during the European colonization period. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that this mutation originated in Iberia and later introduced to Colombia and South America at the time of Spanish colonization during the early 1500s. We also found that the Colombian mutation carriers had higher European ancestry, at the BRCA1 gene harboring chromosome 17, than controls, which further supported the European origin of the mutation. Understanding founder mutations in diverse populations has implications in implementing cost-effective, ancestry-informed screening
Status of IGEX dark matter search at Canfranc Underground Laboratory
One IGEX 76Ge double-beta decay detector is currently operating in the
Canfranc Underground Laboratory in a search for dark matter WIMPs, through the
Ge nuclear recoil produced by the WIMP elastic scattering. In this talk we
report on the on-going efforts to understand and eventually reject the
background at low energy. These efforts have led to the improvement of the
neutron shielding and to partial reduction of the background, but still the
remaining events are not totally identified. A tritium contamination or
muon-induced neutrons are considered as possible sources, simulations and
experimental test being still under progress. According to the success of this
study we comment the prospects of the experiment as well as those of its future
extension, the GEDEON dark matter experiment.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, talk given at 4th International Workshop on the
Identification of Dark Matter, York, September 200
Durvalumab plus tremelimumab for the treatment of advanced neuroendocrine neoplasms of gastroenteropancreatic and lung origin
Single immune checkpoint blockade has shown limited activity in patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs). Here the authors report the results of a phase II clinical trial of durvalumab (anti-PD-L1) and tremelimumab (anti CTLA-4) in patients with advanced NENs of gastroenteropancreatic and lung origin. Single immune checkpoint blockade in advanced neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) shows limited efficacy; dual checkpoint blockade may improve treatment activity. Dune (NCT03095274) is a non-randomized controlled multicohort phase II clinical trial evaluating durvalumab plus tremelimumab activity and safety in advanced NENs. This study included 123 patients presenting between 2017 and 2019 with typical/atypical lung carcinoids (Cohort 1), G1/2 gastrointestinal (Cohort 2), G1/2 pancreatic (Cohort 3) and G3 gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) (Cohort 4) NENs; who progressed to standard therapies. Patients received 1500 mg durvalumab and 75 mg tremelimumab for up to 13 and 4 cycles (every 4 weeks), respectively. The primary objective was the 9-month clinical benefit rate (CBR) for cohorts 1-3 and 9-month overall survival (OS) rate for Cohort 4. Secondary endpoints included objective response rate, duration of response, progression-free survival according to irRECIST, overall survival, and safety. Correlation of PD-L1 expression with efficacy was exploratory. The 9-month CBR was 25.9%/35.5%/25% for Cohorts 1, 2, and 3 respectively. The 9-month OS rate for Cohort 4 was 36.1%, surpassing the futility threshold. Benefit in Cohort 4 was observed regardless of differentiation and Ki67 levels. PD-L1 combined scores did not correlate with treatment activity. Safety profile was consistent with that of prior studies. In conclusion, durvalumab plus tremelimumab is safe in NENs and shows modest survival benefit in G3 GEP-NENs; with one-third of these patients experiencing a prolonged OS
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