Regional and demographic determinants of poverty in Brazil

The paper identifies the role of regional and demographic determinants of poverty in Brazil. We first estimate the probability of a household being classified as poor or indigent. We then apply decomposition techniques to identify the role of demographic variables (family size, parent’s education, etc.) and of regional variables in explaining those probabilities. We found out that parent’s education is the most important determinant, but regional aspects also play a role in determining poverty across states in Brazil.

Monitoring Strategies for REDD+: Integrating Field, Airborne, and Satellite Observations of Amazon Forests

Large-scale tropical forest monitoring efforts in support of REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation plus enhancing forest carbon stocks) confront a range of challenges. REDD+ activities typically have short reporting time scales, diverse data needs, and low tolerance for uncertainties. Meeting these challenges will require innovative use of remote sensing data, including integrating data at different spatial and temporal resolutions. The global scientific community is engaged in developing, evaluating, and applying new methods for regional to global scale forest monitoring. Pilot REDD+ activities are underway across the tropics with support from a range of national and international groups, including SilvaCarbon, an interagency effort to coordinate US expertise on forest monitoring and resource management. Early actions on REDD+ have exposed some of the inherent tradeoffs that arise from the use of incomplete or inaccurate data to quantify forest area changes and related carbon emissions. Here, we summarize recent advances in forest monitoring to identify and target the main sources of uncertainty in estimates of forest area changes, aboveground carbon stocks, and Amazon forest carbon emissions

La Cúpula de Mocárabes y el Palacio de los Leones de la Alhambra

This work presents different aspects of the architecture of the Palace of the lions in the Alhambra of Granada. The most important of them has to do with the muqarnas dome, its use and its meaning; besides, we also study the centripetal perspective which is present in the interior of the building. This article will allow us to appreciate better the most famous nasrid palace built in the 1360's by Muhammad V.El presente artículo se centra en varios aspectos de la arquitectura del Palacio de los Leones de la Alhambra de Granada. El más importante de ellos alude a la cúpula de mocárabes, a su utilización y a su significado; además, también abordamos el tema de la perspectiva centrípeta presente en el interior del edificio. Este estudio nos permitirá comprender, valorar y conocer mejor el celebérrimo palacio nazarí, erigido por Muhammad V en la década de los sesenta del siglo XlV