A comparative study of technology-mediated learning strategies for teaching people with intellectual disability

In this paper, we report on our experiences investigating the role of digital technology in face-to-face instruction of students with intellectual disability. In this process, we used a multi-method approach and our findings integrate results from focus groups, interviews, observations, iterative prototyping, and user evaluation. Ultimately, we hope that our work can motivate future research efforts and bring to light opportunities to be considered in the development of mobile-based education solutions.Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia do sob o contrato de nº. FINEP 03.11.0371.00

Application of the time-driven activity-based costing (TDABC) method in a laboratory of clinical analysis

A determinação dos custos pelo método TDABC (Time-Driven Activity- Based Costing) auxilia o gestor na obtenção do resultado da empresa. A apuração dos custos é diferencial competitivo, embora muitas empresas pequenas do setor de análises clínicas deixam de evidenciá-las em seus balanços. A aferição dos custos é obtida através da medição do tempo das atividades desempenhadas pelos funcionários do laboratório. Após, obteve-se a taxa custo da capacidade a fim de auferir a contribuição de cada exame no resultado da empresa. Dessa forma, foi possível estabelecer uma comparação entre os custos obtidos pela aplicação do TDABC e os custos incorridos pelo laboratório. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo é apurar os custos das atividades do laboratório pela metodologia TDABC. Foi realizada uma pesquisa classificada como estudo de caso, explicativa, com abordagem qualitativa, tendo por cenário o Laboratório Bataguassu no período de 01/04/2013 a 31/12/2013. Observou-se que não havia um tratamento adequado dos custos, o que veio resultar em ineficiência na apuração do resultado operacional. Ressalta-se que, na apuração dos custos, a empresa apresentou certa ociosidade dos fatores de produção. Para o laboratório, alguns exames realizados apresentam maior margem de contribuição que outros, o que pode ser verificado pela presença da sazonalidade. A partir da análise de dados, pode-se inferir que o método empregado mostrou-se adequado para a determinação dos custos no laboratório analisado.The determination of costs by TDABC method (Time-Driven Activity- Based Costing) assists the manager to calculate the results of the company. The calculation of costs is a competitive advantage, although many small businesses, from the clinical analysis sector, do not show them on their balance sheets. The evaluation of costs is made by measuring the time of the activities performed by the laboratory staff. After that, it was obtained the rate “cost of capacity” in order to evaluate the contribution of each test in the results of the company. Therefore, it was possible to draw a comparison between the costs obtained by applying the TDABC and the costs incurred by the laboratory. The aim of this study is to determine the costs of laboratory activities by TDABC methodology. A survey was conducted, classified as a case study, explanatory, with a qualitative approach, taken place in the Bataguassu Laboratory in the period from 01/04/2013 to 31/12/2013. It was observed that there was no adequate treatment of costs, which led to wrong calculation of the operating income. Emphasizing that, in the calculation of costs, the company presented certain idleness of the production factors. To the laboratory, some tests performed have higher contribution margin than others, which could be verified by the presence of seasonality. From the data analysis, it can be inferred that the applied method was suitable for the determination of costs in the analyzed laboratory

Representing and coding the knowledge embedded in texts of Health Science Web published articles

Despite the fact that electronic publishing is a common activity to scholars electronic journals are still based in the print model and do not take full advantage of the facilities offered by the Semantic Web environment. This is a report of the results of a research project with the aim of investigating the possibilities of electronic publishing journal articles both as text for human reading and in machine readable format recording the new knowledge contained in the article. This knowledge is identified with the scientific methodology elements such as problem, methodology, hypothesis, results, and conclusions. A model integrating all those elements is proposed which makes explicit and records the knowledge embedded in the text of scientific articles as an ontology. Knowledge thus represented enables its processing by intelligent software agents The proposed model aims to take advantage of these facilities enabling semantic retrieval and validation of the knowledge contained in articles. To validate and enhance the model a set of electronic journal articles were analyzed

Measuring valley polarization in two-dimensional materials with second-harmonic spectroscopy

A population imbalance at different valleys of an electronic system lowers its effective rotational symmetry. We introduce a technique to measure such imbalance - a valley polarization - that exploits the unique fingerprints of this symmetry reduction in the polarization-dependent second-harmonic generation (SHG). We present the principle and detection scheme in the context of hexagonal two-dimensional crystals, which include graphene-based systems and the family of transition metal dichalcogenides, and provide a direct experimental demonstration using a 2H-MoSe$_{2}$ monolayer at room temperature. We deliberately use the simplest possible setup, where a single pulsed laser beam simultaneously controls the valley imbalance and tracks the SHG process. We further developed a model of the transient population dynamics which analytically describes the valley-induced SHG rotation in very good agreement with the experiment. In addition to providing the first experimental demonstration of the effect, this work establishes a conceptually simple, com-pact and transferable way of measuring instantaneous valley polarization, with direct applicability in the nascent field of valleytronics

Efeito da associação silício líquido solúvel com fungicida no controle fitossanitário do cafeeiro

Soluble silicon and fungicide mixed were evaluated to control coffee (Coffea arabica L.) pests and diseases. This experiment was carried out in Três Pontas-MG, Brazil, Mundo Novo cultivar crop. The experimental design was randomized blocks with treatments like: soluble silicon 4L/ha; soluble silicon 3L/ha + fungicide 0,375L/ha; soluble silicon 2L/ha + fungicide 0,75L/ha; soluble silicon 1L/ha + fungicide 1,125L/ha; fungicide 1,5L/ha and control without pulverization. Half silicon soluble recommended dose associated with half fungicide recommended dose was efficient to control coffee leaf rust and coffee brown eye spot like fungicide recommended full dose.Realizou-se este trabalho com o objetivo de verificar os efeitos da associação do silício foliar com fungicida no controle fitossanitário do cafeeiro (Coffea arabica L.). O experimento foi instalado em Três Pontas-MG, numa lavoura cultivar Mundo Novo. O delineamento utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, sendo os tratamentos: silício solúvel 4 L/ha; silício solúvel 3 L/ha + fungicida 0,375 L/ha; silício solúvel 2 L/ha + fungicida 0,75 L/ha; silício solúvel 1 L/ha + fungicida 1,125 L/ha; fungicida 1,5 L/ha, e testemunha sem pulverização. Concluiu-se que metade da dose recomendada de silício solúvel associada à metade da dose recomendada do fungicida controlou a ferrugem e a cercóspora, semelhantemente à dose recomendada do fungicida

A forensic identification case and DPid - can it be a useful tool?

Objective The aim of this study was to show DPid as an important tool of potential application to solve cases with dental prosthesis, such as the forensic case reported, in which a skull, denture and dental records were received for analysis. Material and Methods Human identification is still challenging in various circumstances and Dental Prosthetics Identification (DPid) stores the patient’s name and prosthesis information and provides access through an embedded code in dental prosthesis or an identification card. All of this information is digitally stored on servers accessible only by dentists, laboratory technicians and patients with their own level of secure access. DPid provides a complete single-source list of all dental prosthesis features (materials and components) under complete and secure documentation used for clinical follow-up and for human identification. Results and Conclusion If DPid tool was present in this forensic case, it could have been solved without requirement of DNA exam, which confirmed the dental comparison of antemortem and postmortem records, and concluded the case as a positive identification

Anatomia endoscópica do acesso à região selar e plano esfenoidal

The productive work between otolaryngologists and neurosurgeons has resulted in the emergence of endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery. The goal of the present study is to describe the endoscopic anatomy of the endonasal approach to the sellar region and planum sphenoidale, highlighting the key points of the surgical approach and the neurovascular landmarks. METHOD: Descriptive study of the endoscopic endonasal dissection of 9 fresh cadavers with exposure of the anatomic structures. RESULTS: The endoscopic endonasal ethmoidectomy and sphenoidotomy allows an expanded access to the sellar area and planum sphenoidale. The surface anatomy of the sphenoid sinus is easily identifiable and provides safe landmarks, guiding the intracranial dissection. CONCLUSION: The endoscopic endonasal approach to the skull base by the ENT and neurosurgeon is feasible, but it requires adequate anatomical knowledge and endoscopic skills for its realization, which can be obtained by practicing in cadavers.O trabalho cooperativo entre otorrinolaringologistas e neurocirurgiões resultou no aprimoramento das técnicas cirúrgicas e no surgimento da cirurgia endoscópica endonasal da base do crânio. O estudo tem como objetivo descrever a anatomia endoscópica do acesso endonasal da região selar e plano esfenoidal, destacando os pontos fundamentais do acesso cirúrgico e referências neuro-vasculares. MÉTODO: Estudo descritivo da dissecção endoscópica endonasal de 9 cadáveres frescos com exposição das estruturas anatômicas. RESULTADOS: A etmoidectomia e esfenoidotomia endonasal endoscópica permite um acesso estendido à região selar e plano esfenoidal. A anatomia de superfície do seio esfenoidal é facilmente identificada e fornece pontos de referência seguros, guiando a dissecção intracraniana. CONCLUSÃO: O acesso endoscópico endonasal para a base do crânio pelo otorrinolaringologista e neurocirurgião é perfeitamente viável, mas para isso o conhecimento anatômico da região e de seus pontos de referência é essencial, o que pode ser obtido pelo treinamento em cadáveres

The Devonian Escarpment Environmental Protection Area reduction bill: threats to protection of the natural grasslands and caves in the Campos Gerais Region, Paraná State, Brazil

This study aims to synthesize the events involving Bill n. 527/2016 proposed by the Paraná State Legislative Assembly, which intends to reduce two-thirds of the Devonian Escarpment Environmental Protection Area. This protected area holds the last remnants of natural grasslands of the Campos Gerais region, a phytophysiognomy that has undergone a fast conversion to croplands and intensive forestry in the last 25 years and one-third of the known caves in the State. The panorama presented highlighted the negligence of the environmental agencies and the partiality of the Paraná State Executive. The Bill is discussed as unconstitutional and we present errors and inconsistencies that underpin the proposal

Strategy to avoid vascular injuries in revision total hip arthroplasty with intrapelvic implants

Aims: Our objective was describing an algorithm to identify and prevent vascular injury in patients with intrapelvic components. Methods: Patients were defined as at risk to vascular injuries when components or cement migrated 5 mm or more beyond the ilioischial line in any of the pelvic incidences (anteroposterior and Judet view). In those patients, a serial investigation was initiated by a CT angiography, followed by a vascular surgeon evaluation. The investigation proceeded if necessary. The main goal was to assure a safe tissue plane between the hardware and the vessels. Results: In ten at-risk patients undergoing revision hip arthroplasty and submitted to our algorithm, six were recognized as being high risk to vascular injury during surgery. In those six high-risk patients, a preventive preoperative stent was implanted before the orthopaedic procedure. Four patients needed a second reinforcing stent to protect and to maintain the vessel anatomy deformed by the intrapelvic implants. Conclusion: The evaluation algorithm was useful to avoid blood vessels injury during revision total hip arthroplasty in high-risk patients

Fertilidade do solo e estado nutricional do cafeeiro cultivado em atmosfera enriquecida com CO2

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of atmospheric CO2 levels on soil chemical attributes, in rows (coffee crop) and between rows (Urochloa decumbens), and on macronutrient contents in coffee leaves. A randomized complete block design was used, in a split‑plot, with six replicates. The treatments consisted of two CO2 levels in the atmosphere, 390 and 550 μmol mol‑1. Soil samples were collected in and between coffee rows in 2013 and 2014, at the soil layers of 0–5.0, 5.0–10, 10–20 and 20–40 cm, and of 0–10, 10–20 and 20–40 cm, respectively. Soil pH, Ca2+, Mg2+, available K, P, and S contents, base saturation, and soil organic matter were evaluated. In 2013 and 2014, a reduction in available P contents was observed in coffee rows as the CO2 levels in the air were increased. In 2014, soil available K contents were reduced and K contents in coffee leaf were increased under 550 μmol mol‑1 CO2. In coffee grown in atmosphere enriched with CO2, soil available P content is more reduced, which indicates the need of an adequate replacement of this nutrient.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos de concentrações de CO2 atmosférico nos atributos químicos do solo, na linha (cafeeiro) e na entrelinha (braquiária), e nos teores de macronutrientes em folhas do cafeeiro. Utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com parcelas subdivididas e seis repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de dois níveis de CO2 atmosférico, 390 e 550 μmol mol-1. A amostragem de solo foi realizada na linha e na entrelinha do cafeeiro, em 2013 e 2014, nas camadas de 0–5,0, 5,0–10, 10–20 e 20–40 cm, e de 0–10, 10–20 e 20–40 cm, respectivamente. Avaliaram-se pH, teores de Ca2+, Mg2+, K, P e S disponíveis, saturação por bases e matéria orgânica do solo. Em 2013 e 2014, houve redução nos teores de P na linha do cafeeiro, com o aumento da concentração de CO2. Em 2014, houve redução nos teores de K disponível no solo e aumento dos teores de K na folha do cafeeiro sob 550 μmol mol-1 de CO2. Em cafeeiro cultivado em atmosfera enriquecida com CO2, o teor de P disponível no solo é o que mais reduz, o que indica a necessidade de reposição adequada deste nutriente