Pseudopodial MSV-MDCK-INV glycolysis modulates the c-Met phosphorylation-dependent cell motility

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal

t(11;14) status is stable between diagnosis and relapse and concordant between detection methodologies based on fluorescence <i>in situ</i> hybridization and next-generation sequencing in patients with multiple myeloma

Multiple myeloma (MM) is associated with a wide variety of recurrent genomic alterations. The most common translocation in MM is t(11;14). In this retrospective, single-center, non-interventional study, patients’ bone marrow samples were examined at diagnosis and at relapse(s) following treatment with anti-myeloma regimens to determine whether t(11;14) status was stable over time. This stability cohort consisted of 272 patients, of whom 118 were t(11;14)-positive at diagnosis and 154 were negative. All patients in the stability cohort retained the same t(11;14) status at relapse that they had at diagnosis of MM. Sixteen patients who had t(11;14)-positive MM at diagnosis had multiple longitudinal assessments by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) at relapse events and remained t(11;14)-positive across all timepoints. Patients who had t(11;14)-positive disease at diagnosis of monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance or smoldering MM also retained t(11;14) positivity through MM diagnosis and relapse. The t(11;14) fusion patterns also remained constant for 90% of patients. For detection of t(11;14), results from FISH and next-generation sequencing (NGS) were compared to determine the rate of concordance between these two methods. This concordance cohort contained 130 patients, of whom 66 had t(11;14)-positive disease and 64 were t(11;14)-negative. In this sample set, the concordance between FISH- and NGS-based detection of t(11;14) was 100%. These results strongly suggest that the t(11;14) rearrangement remains stable during the full disease course in patients with MM and can be detected by FISH- and NGS-based methodologies

Producción de etanol a partir de yuca en condiciones de alta concentración de sólidos (vhg).

Título en ingles: Ethanol production from cassava using very high gravity conditions (VHG)Título corto: Producción de etanol a partir de harina de yuca var. CopiblancaResumen: La investigación realizada evalúa el efecto del medio fermentativo y la concentración de azúcares iniciales sobre la producción de etanol en sistemas batch, cuando se emplean sacarificados de harina de yuca (Manihot esculenta), como fuente de carbono. El diseño experimental ejecutado fue de tipo bifactorial de efectos fijos y analiza la productividad de bioetanol en cuatro medios fermentativos diferentes, dos de los cuales se suplementaron con sacarificados de harina de yuca variedad Copiblanca. Las concentraciones de azúcares iniciales evaluadas en estos sustratos fueron de 250, 300 y 350 g/L. Estos tratamientos fermentativos fueron inoculados con una variedad etanologénica comercial de S. cerevisiae a una concentración de 0.05% (p/v). Las condiciones de proceso incluyeron un volumen final de 150 mL, una incubación a 35°C por 48 horas, agitación constante de 150 rpm y pH entre 4.0 y 4.5. Los sacarificados provenientes de esta variedad de yuca usados como fuente de carbono, mostraron ser excelentes sustratos para la obtención de etanol. Se evidenciaron aumentos de más del 500% en términos de productividad volumétrica con respecto al control experimental y se alcanzaron concentraciones finales de etanol del 14.7%v/v, asociadas a rendimientos producto/sustrato de 0,48 g/g y productividades de 2,4 g/L/h. Estos parámetros cinéticos fueron logrados con el medio fermentativo más simple evaluado, medio compuesto por los sacarificados como fuente de carbono y como única fuente nutricional, bajo concentraciones de azúcares iniciales de 250g/L; lo que demuestra la aptitud de estos sustratos para efectos de producción etanólica.Palabras clave: Bioetanol; sacarificados de harina de yuca;  fermentaciones con alto contenido de sólidos.Abstract: This research exposes the fermentative medium and initial sugar concentration effect on ethanol production in batch systems, when using glucose syrups derivatives of cassava (Manihot esculenta), as a carbon source. The experimental design was factorial and analyzes the productivity of bioethanol in four different fermentation media, two of which were supplemented with cassava flour sugared. The initial sugar concentrations tested on these substrates were 250, 300 and 350 g / L. These fermentative treatments were inoculated with a commercial ethanolic variety of S. cerevisiae at a concentration of 0.05% (w / v). The process conditions included a final volume of 150 mL, incubation at 35 ° C for 48 hours , constant stirring at 150 rpm and pH between 4.0 and 4.5. The saccharified from this cassava variety proved to be excellent substrate for bioethanol production, achieving increases of 550% in terms of volumetric productivity over the control experiment. The above, allowed us to achieve final concentrations of ethanol of 14.7% v / v, yields product / substrate of 0.5 g / g, and productivities of 2.4 g / L / h. Most interestingly is that these kinetic parameters were achieved with the simplest fermentation medium evaluated, the mean was compound of  saccharified as a carbon source and as a sole source of nutrition, and its initial concentration of sugars was 250g / L; the above  shows the ability of these substrates for ethanol production purposes.Keywords: Bioethanol; cassava flour saccharified; very high-gravity fermentations

Producción biotecnológica de etanol a partir del cultivo de la yuca

Este libro recoge la producción científica de cinco años de investigación de la Institución en torno a la producción biotecnológica de etanol, a partir del aprovechamiento integral de la yuca. En el libro se describen los resultados de áreas específicas de la producción de etanol y se describen y analizan los resultados de las investigaciones de esta producción a partir de la harina de yuca, utilizando la estrategia del proceso Hidrólisis Enzimática y Fermentación Simultáneas (HEFS). En este proyecto se trabajó con investigadores del Grupo de Biotransformación y el Grupo de Ofidismo de la Universidad de Antioquia, de la ciudad de Medellín-Colombia.This book contains the scientific production of five years of research carried out by the Institution focused on the biotechnological production of ethanol from the full use of cassava (yucca). In the book the results of specific areas of ethanol production are discussed, and the results of investigations of this production from cassava flour, using the strategy of Simultaneous enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation (SEHF) process are described and analyzed. In this project we worked with researchers from the Grupo de Biotransformación and the Grupo de Ofidismo from Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia

Renal repair and regeneration: study of a candidate gene: HCaRG

The process of kidney regeneration recapitulates many aspect of development; it involves cell migration, proliferation and differentiation. Our previous studies point to the involvement of HCaRG "Hypertension-related calcium-regulated gene" in two major processes contributing to kidney repair, i.e. control of cell proliferation and differentiation. We extended our studies on the cellular function of HCaRG by comparing cell migration of two kidney cell lines. HCaRG expressing HEK293 cells, which undergo lower proliferation, migrated faster than control cells and presented greater adhesiveness to the extracellular matrix. Faster migration was also observed for the MDKC-C7 cells, after stably transfecting them with HCaRG cDNA. Screening of a human kidney cDNA library with HCaRG as bait revealed its interaction with several ionic transporters, among them Na+,K+,2Cl- cotransporter (NKCC) and Na,K-ATPase (NK pump). HCaRG overexpression induced major morphological changes of HEK293 cells including the formation of lamellipodia. An interaction and a co-localization were further found between HCaRG and actin at the leading edge of migrating cells. Increased activities of the NK pump and NKCC were observed in MDCK-C7 cells expressing HCaRG. These cells displayed higher content of intracellular Na+, water, and total proteins. Ouabain and bumetanide dose-dependently suppressed cells migration with keeping a higher migratory potential for the HCaRG-expressing HEK293 cells. Expression microarrays of HCaRG clones cells resulted in a profile of differential regulation of molecules involved in cell proliferation, differentiation and migration as well as molecules involved in morphogenesis and cytoskeleton organization. Among the quantitatively most up-regulated genes was the transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-a) which has been associated with normal renal development and recovery. HCaRG-expressing cells exhibited augmented synthesis and release of activated TGF-a andLe processus de la régénération rénale récapitule beaucoup d'aspects du développement; Il comporte la migration, la prolifération et la différentiation cellulaire. Nos études précédentes démontrent l'implication de HCaRG "Hypertension-related calcium-regulated gene" dans 2 processus principaux contribuant à la réparation des reins; le contrôle de la prolifération et de la différentiation cellulaires. Nous avons prolongé nos études sur la fonction cellulaire de HCaRG en comparant la migration de deux lignées de cellules rénales. Les cellules HEK293 qui expriment HCaRG, et qui se caractérisent par une prolifération réduite, ont migré plus rapidement que les cellules contrôles et ont présenté une plus grande adhérence à la matrice extracellulaire. On a également observé une migration plus rapide pour les cellules MDKC-C7, après la transfection stable avec l’ADNc de HCaRG. Le criblage d'une banque d'ADNc humaine de rein avec HCaRG indiquait son interaction avec plusieurs transporteurs ioniques, parmi eux le co-transporteur Na+, K+, 2Cl- (NKCC) et la pompe Na+,K+-Atpase. L'expression de HCaRG a induit des changements morphologiques majeurs des cellules HEK293, ceci comprend la formation des lamellipodes. Une interaction et une co-localisation entre HCaRG et actine ont ensuite été retrouvées au bord des cellules en migration. On a observé une augmentation de l'activité de la pompe et du co-transporteur dans les cellules MDCK-C7 qui expriment HCaRG. Ces cellules ont montré une teneur plus élevée de Na+ intracellulaire, d'eau, et de protéines. La Ouabaïne et le bumétanide ont supprimé d'une façon dose dépendante la migration de cellules en gardant un potentiel migrateur plus élevé pour les cellules HEK293 qui expriment HCaRG. L'analyse des "microarrays" des clones qui expriment HCaRG a indiqué un profil de régulation différentiel des molécules impliquées dans la prolifération, la dif

Implementation of Integrative Projects as a Contribution to the Major Design Experience in Chemical Engineering

The training of chemical engineers requires creating dynamics that bring them closer to the reality of professional practice and providing active learning experiences to develop skills that strengthen critical thinking, autonomy, teamwork, and communication, as a contribution to sustainable engineering education. However, these experiences are isolated, and sometimes do not show an integrated vision between different areas of knowledge. This work aims to introduce the lessons learned by creating capstone integrative projects as tools for the design and control of processes in the Faculty of Chemical Engineering of the Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana. The capstone project was developed in randomly selected groups to develop a basic engineering proposal for an industrial process of local or national interest. Validation was carried out, consisting of surveys of 54 students in the last year of the program, an opinion query of 60 recent graduates, and a focus group of five graduates, with a profile of employers, management of innovation, development, and design of chemical processes. Between 2016 and 2020, more than 43 processes were evaluated with students, evidencing a significant improvement in the skills defined by the faculty in the graduation profile. A total of 94% of the graduates in that period recognize the capstone project as an integrator of design and process control, and it is concluded that this contributes positively to the professional development of the chemical engineer

Life Cycle Assessment for bioethanol produced from cassava in Colombia

Colombia has recently started the production of Biodiesel from palm oil and Bioethanol from sugarcane. The bioethanol in Colombia replaces 8% of the national consumption of fuel for transportation and it represents nearly 263.340 gallons per day. A life-cycle energy and environmental assessment was conducted for bioethanol production from cassava in Colombia. The scope covered all stages in the life cycle of bioethanol. In the Life Cycle Assessment the impact assessment method used is IPCC2007 GWP100a, for global warming. In all stages of the life cycle there are important impacts for the use the bioethanol in a car. At other stages, ethanol production is important for the product's environmental impact. The carbon footprint of the bioethanol from cassava is 65gCO2e/MJ. The energy conversion efficiency of fuel ethanol is 1.34.Colômbia recentemente começou a producáo de biodiesel a base de palma e bioetanol de cana de açúcar. O bioetanol na Colômbia substituí 8% do consumo de combustível para transporte e representa cerca de 263.340 galóes ao dia. Levou-se a cabo urna avaliacáo do ciclo de vida energético e da parte ambiental para a producáo de bioetanol na Colômbia, cobrindo todas a etapas no ciclo de vida do bioetanol. Na Medicáo de Ciclo de Vida o método de avaliacáo do impacto utilizado é IPCC2007 GWPIOOa para aquecimento global. Em todas as etapas do ciclo há impactos importantes quanto ao uso de bioetanol em carraças. Em outras etapas, a producáo de etanol é importante para o impacto ambiental do produto. A impressáo de carváo do bioetanol a base de mandioca é 65gC02e/MJ. A efciência na conversáo de energía do etanol é de 1.34.Colombia recientemente comenzó la producción de biodiesel a base de palma y bioetanol de caña de azúcar. El bioetanol en Colombia reemplaza 8% del consumo de combustible para transporte y representa cerca de 263.340 galones al día. Se ha llevado a cabo una evaluación del ciclo de vida energético y de la parte ambiental para la producción de bioetanol en Colombia, cubriendo todas la etapas en el ciclo de vida del bioetanol. En la Medición de Ciclo de Vida el método de evaluación del impacto utilizado es IPCC2007 GWPIOOa para calentamiento global. En todas las etapas del ciclo hay impactos importantes en cuanto al uso de bioetanol en carros. En otras etapas, la producción de etanol es importante para el impacto ambiental del producto. La huella de carbón del bioetanol a base de yuca es 65gC02e/MJ. La eficiencia en la conversión de energía del etanol es 1.34

Implementation of Integrative Projects as a Contribution to the Major Design Experience in Chemical Engineering

The training of chemical engineers requires creating dynamics that bring them closer to the reality of professional practice and providing active learning experiences to develop skills that strengthen critical thinking, autonomy, teamwork, and communication, as a contribution to sustainable engineering education. However, these experiences are isolated, and sometimes do not show an integrated vision between different areas of knowledge. This work aims to introduce the lessons learned by creating capstone integrative projects as tools for the design and control of processes in the Faculty of Chemical Engineering of the Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana. The capstone project was developed in randomly selected groups to develop a basic engineering proposal for an industrial process of local or national interest. Validation was carried out, consisting of surveys of 54 students in the last year of the program, an opinion query of 60 recent graduates, and a focus group of five graduates, with a profile of employers, management of innovation, development, and design of chemical processes. Between 2016 and 2020, more than 43 processes were evaluated with students, evidencing a significant improvement in the skills defined by the faculty in the graduation profile. A total of 94% of the graduates in that period recognize the capstone project as an integrator of design and process control, and it is concluded that this contributes positively to the professional development of the chemical engineer

Producción de etanol a partir de harina de yuca utilizando diferentes estrategias en modo continuo

Introduction. Ethanol production from starchy raw materials includes the cooking, liquefaction, saccharification, fermentation and distillation stages. The technological bases of the process have been studied, but must be improved by means of the introduction of innovations that allow an energy use reduction and higher volumetric ethanol productivity. Objective. The project evaluates the ethanol production from the conversion of yucca flour by means of the independent study in a continuous way of the liquefaction, saccharification and fermentation processes (LSFC), the serial connection of the three stages and the integration of the saccharification and fermentation stages in a simultaneous way (SFSC). Materials and methods. The Termamyl 120 L y glucoamylase AMG 300L enzymes were used in the liquefaction and saccharification processes. The SaccharomycesCerevisiae yeast was used in the fermentation process. The experimental strategy evaluated the effect of the dilution rate (D h-1) (0,07, 0,1, 0,15, 0,20, 0,25 and 0,30) on the conversion and the productivity of the independent processes. With the identification of the D that allowed the integration of the processes, an evaluation was performed to the coupling of the LSFC process and in the SSFC mode. Results. According to the D chosen (0,1 h-1) during the execution of the experiment, the values productivity, concentration and ethanol yield obtained were: fermentation (4,5 g/lh, 5,8 % v/v, 0,4 g/g), LSFC (5 g/lh, 5,4% v/v and 0,46 g/g) and SFSC (4,75 g/lh, 4,7 %v/v and 0,4 g/g), respectively. Conclusions. Developing the LSFC and SFSC strategies was possible at a D= 0,1 h-1. There were no significant differences in the productivity, concentration and yield in the strategies serially evaluated. The integration of the processes in a continuous way was technically validated.Introdução. A produção de etanol a partir de matérias primas amiláceas envolve as etapas de cocção, liquefação, sacarificação, fermentação e destilação. As bases tecnológicas do processo foram estudadas, mas devem ser melhoradas por meio da introdução de inovações que permitam reduzir os consumos de energia e gerem uma maior produtividade volumétrica de etanol. Objetivo. O projeto avalia a produção de etanol a partir da conversão de farinha de mandioca por meio do estudo independente em modo contínuo dos processos de liquefação, sacarificação e fermentação (LSFC), o acoplamento em série das três etapas e a integração das etapas de sacarificação e fermentação em forma simultânea (SFSC). Materiais e métodos. As enzimas Termamyl 120 L e glucoamilasa AMG 300L foram utilizadas nos processos de liquefação e sacarificação. O fermento Saccharomyces Cerevisiae foi utilizada no processo de fermentação. A estratégia experimental avaliou o efeito da taxa de diluição (D h-1) (0,07, 0,1, 0,15, 0,20, 0,25 e 0,30) sobre a conversão e produtividade dos processos independentes. Com a identificação do D que permitiu integrar os processos, procedeu-se a avaliar o acoplamento do processo LSFC e em modo SSFC. Resultados. De acordo com o D selecionado (0,1 h-1) durante a execução do experimento, atingiram-se valores de produtividade, concentração e rendimento de etanol: fermentação (4,5 g/lh, 5,8 % v/v, 0,4 g/g), LSFC (5 g/lh, 5,4% v/v e 0,46 g/g) e SFSC (4,75 g/lh, 4,7 %v/v e 0,4 g/g), respectivamente. Conclusões. Determinou-se que a um D= 0,1 h-1 foi possível desenvolver as estratégias LSFC e SFSC. Não se apresentaram maiores diferenças nos valores de produtividade, concentração e rendimentos nas diferentes estratégias de processo avaliadas em contínuo. Validou-se tecnicamente a integração dos processos em modo contínuoIntroducción. La producción de etanol a partir de materias primas amiláceas involucra las etapas de cocción, licuefacción, sacarificación, fermentación y destilación. Las bases tecnológicas del proceso han sido estudiadas, pero deben ser mejoradas por medio de la introducción de innovaciones que permitan reducir los consumos de energía y generen una mayor productividad volumétrica de etanol. Objetivo. El proyecto evalúa la producción de etanol a partir de la conversión de harina de yuca por medio del estudio independiente en modo continuo de los procesos de licuefacción, sacarificación y fermentación (LSFC), el acoplamiento en serie de las tres etapas y la integración de las etapas de sacarificación y fermentación en forma simultánea (SFSC). Materiales y métodos. Las enzimas Termamyl 120 L y glucoamilasa AMG 300L fueron utilizadas en los procesos de licuefacción y sacarificación. La levadura Saccharomyces Cerevisiae fue utilizada en el proceso de fermentación. La estrategia experimental evaluó el efecto de la tasa de dilución (D h-1) (0,07, 0,1, 0,15, 0,20, 0,25 y 0,30) sobre la conversión y productividad de los procesos independientes. Con la identificación de la D que permitió integrar los procesos, se procedió a evaluar el acoplamiento del proceso LSFC y en modo SSFC. Resultados. De acuerdo con la D seleccionada (0,1 h-1) durante la ejecución del experimento, se alcanzaron valores de productividad, concentración y rendimiento de etanol: fermentación (4,5 g/lh, 5,8 % v/v, 0,4 g/g), LSFC (5 g/lh, 5,4% v/v y 0,46 g/g) y SFSC (4,75 g/lh, 4,7 %v/v y 0,4 g/g), respectivamente. Conclusiones. Se determinó que a una D= 0,1 h-1 fue posible desarrollar las estrategias LSFC y SFSC. No se presentaron mayores diferencias en los valores de productividad, concentración y rendimientos en las diferentes estrategias de proceso evaluadas en continuo. Se validó técnicamente la integración de los procesos en modo continu