Robust Stochastic-Fuzzy Modelling Approach for Shale Gas Wastewater Management under Uncertainty

18th European Meeting on Environmental Chemistry (EMEC). Poster (#23) http://emec18.eventos.chemistry.pt/In this work, a new stochastic-fuzzy-based modelling approach is introduced for the robust optimization of shale gas wastewater management under multiple sources of uncertainty. Different management alternatives are considered to deal with the wastewater produced from fracking sites (well pads), including treatment plants—composed by pre-treatment and zero-liquid discharge (ZLD) desalination units—to allow water recycling or internal reuse in shale gas operations, or final disposal in Class II saline water injection wells (i.e., conventional deep-well injection).This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement No. 640979

Wastewater Management in Shale Gas Industry: Alternatives for Water Reuse and Recycling, Challenges and Perspectives

18th European Meeting on Environmental Chemistry (EMEC). Poster (#22) http://emec18.eventos.chemistry.pt/Wastewater management is nowadays one of the major concerns faced by the shale gas industry to improve its cost-effectiveness, while preserving the human health and environment. Horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing operations usually demand excessive freshwater consumption and generate large wastewater volumes. The highly polluting nature of shale gas wastewater impels the application of energy-intensive pretreatment and desalination, to allow water reuse in hydraulic fracking processes, water recycling or safe discharge. This work aims to offer an overview of main challenges and perspectives of alternatives for water reuse and recycling in shale gas wastewater management.This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement No. 640979

Acute Auditory Stimulation with Different Styles of Music Influences Cardiac Autonomic Regulation in Men

Background: No clear evidence is available in the literature regarding the acute effect of different styles of music on cardiac autonomic control. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the acute effects of classical baroque and heavy metal musical auditory stimulation on Heart Rate Variability (HRV) in healthy men. Patients and Methods: In this study, HRV was analyzed regarding time (SDNN, RMSSD, NN50, and pNN50) and frequency domain (LF, HF, and LF / HF) in 12 healthy men. HRV was recorded at seated rest for 10 minutes. Subsequently, the participants were exposed to classical baroque or heavy metal music for five minutes through an earphone at seated rest. After exposure to the first song, they remained at rest for five minutes and they were again exposed to classical baroque or heavy metal music. The music sequence was random for each individual. Standard statistical methods were used for calculation of means and standard deviations. Besides, ANOVA and Friedman test were used for parametric and non-parametric distributions, respectively. Results: While listening to heavy metal music, SDNN was reduced compared to the baseline (P = 0.023). In addition, the LF index (ms2 and nu) was reduced during exposure to both heavy metal and classical baroque musical auditory stimulation compared to the control condition (P = 0.010 and P = 0.048, respectively). However, the HF index (ms2) was reduced only during auditory stimulation with music heavy metal (P = 0.01). The LF/HF ratio on the other hand decreased during auditory stimulation with classical baroque music (P = 0.019). Conclusions: Acute auditory stimulation with the selected heavy metal musical auditory stimulation decreased the sympathetic and parasympathetic modulation on the heart, while exposure to a selected classical baroque music reduced sympathetic regulation on the heart

Oral Sensorimotor System in Patients with Facial Lipoatrophy Living with AIDS

Introduction: Lipodystrophy Syndrome in people living with AIDS is characterized by body fat redistribution and metabolic abnormalities and is associated with the use of antiretroviral therapy (ART). It is socially and psychologically impacting once it reduces the quality of life of those who develop it. The prevalence varies from 6% to 69%.Objective: Characterize the Oral Sensorimotor System in patients with Facial Lipoatrophy living with AIDS.Methods: Cross-sectional convenience sample study. Sixty-four patients living with AIDS treated in the Lipodystrophy Clinic were clinically evaluated by the infectious disease physician and by the speech language pathologist. The Oral Sensorimotor System structures were evaluated through the Orofacial Assessment Protoco.Results: Changes in tone and mobility are associated with loss of subcutaneous fat.Conclusions: Changes presented in the morphology and function of the Oral Sensoriomotor System are associated with facial Lipoatrophy in patients living with AIDS

Discutindo a educação ambiental no cotidiano escolar: desenvolvimento de projetos na escola formação inicial e continuada de professores

A presente pesquisa buscou discutir como a Educação Ambiental (EA) vem sendo trabalhada, no Ensino Fundamental e como os docentes desta escola compreendem e vem inserindo a EA no cotidiano escolar., em uma escola estadual do município de Tangará da Serra/MT, Brasil. Para tanto, realizou-se entrevistas com os professores que fazem parte de um projeto interdisciplinar de EA na escola pesquisada. Verificou-se que o projeto da escola não vem conseguindo alcançar os objetivos propostos por: desconhecimento do mesmo, pelos professores; formação deficiente dos professores, não entendimento da EA como processo de ensino-aprendizagem, falta de recursos didáticos, planejamento inadequado das atividades. A partir dessa constatação, procurou-se debater a impossibilidade de tratar do tema fora do trabalho interdisciplinar, bem como, e principalmente, a importância de um estudo mais aprofundado de EA, vinculando teoria e prática, tanto na formação docente, como em projetos escolares, a fim de fugir do tradicional vínculo “EA e ecologia, lixo e horta”.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Validation of the imperial college surgical assessment device for spinal anesthesia

Abstract Background Traditionally, technical proficiency for spinal anesthesia has been assessed using observational scales such as global rating scales or task specific checklists. However more objective metrics are required in order to improve novice’s training programs. The aim of this study is to validate the hand motion analysis of the Imperial College Surgical Assessment Device (ICSAD) in a simulated model of spinal anesthesia. Methods Three groups of physicians with different levels of experience were video recorded performing a spinal anesthesia in a simulated lumbar puncture torso. Participants’ technical performance was assessed with ICSAD, a Global Rating Scale (GRS) and a specific Checklist. Differences between the 3 groups were determined by Kruskal-Wallis test with post hoc Dunn’s correction for multiple comparisons. Spearman correlation coefficient between ICSAD variables and the scores of the observational scales were calculated to establish concurrent validity. Results Thirty subjects participated in the study: ten novice (first year residents), 10 intermediate (third year residents) and 10 experts (attending anesthesiologists). GRS scores were significantly higher in experts, than intermediates and novices. Regarding total path length, number of movements and procedural time measured with ICSAD, all groups had significant differences between them (p = 0.026, p = 0.045 and p = 0.005 respectively). Spearman correlation coefficient was −0,46 (p = 0.012) between total path length measured with ICSAD and GRS scores. Conclusions This is the first validation study of ICSAD as an assessment tool for spinal anesthesia in a simulated model. Using ICSAD can discriminate proficiency between expert and novices and correlates with previously validated GRS. Its use in the assessment of spinal anesthesia proficiency provides complementary data to existing tools. Our results could be used to design future training programs with reliable goals to accomplish