Superfast Set, Strong and Less Degradable Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Cement

Purpose. Despite the good sealing ability and biocompatibility of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), its slow setting, high degradation, and weakness limit its use in surgical endodontics and high stress-bearing areas. This study aimed to develop two new liquids to control these drawbacks. They were prepared from calcium chloride, fumed silica, and hydroxyapatite or calcium phosphate and coded “H” and “P,” respectively. Methods. Portland cement, Grey ProRoot® MTA, and white ProRoot MTA were mixed with distilled water (control) or liquid “H” or “P.” The pH, setting time, degradation rate, leachant/precipitate’ composition, compressive strength, and morphology were assessed. Results. Both liquids maintained MTA’s high alkalinity and reduced the setting time by 1-2 orders of magnitude. Both liquids, H in particular, significantly reduced the degradation rate of Grey ProRoot and White ProRoot MTA®. Calcite has been identified as the main phase of the leachant or precipitate formed during the cement’s degradation. Calcium hydroxide or hydroxyapatite was also identified with Grey ProRoot MTA mixed with H liquid. These liquids also significantly increased the compressive strength with no statistical differences between them; this was associated with the production of dense, consolidated structures. Conclusions. The modified MTA could be used in surgical endodontics and high stress-bearing areas

Towards precision medicine: defining and characterizing adipose tissue dysfunction to identify early immunometabolic risk in symptom-free adults from the GEMM family study

Interactions between macrophages and adipocytes are early molecular factors influencing adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction, resulting in high leptin, low adiponectin circulating levels and low-grade metaflammation, leading to insulin resistance (IR) with increased cardiovascular risk. We report the characterization of AT dysfunction through measurements of the adiponectin/leptin ratio (ALR), the adipo-insulin resistance index (Adipo-IRi), fasting/postprandial (F/P) immunometabolic phenotyping and direct F/P differential gene expression in AT biopsies obtained from symptom-free adults from the GEMM family study. AT dysfunction was evaluated through associations of the ALR with F/P insulin-glucose axis, lipid-lipoprotein metabolism, and inflammatory markers. A relevant pattern of negative associations between decreased ALR and markers of systemic low-grade metaflammation, HOMA, and postprandial cardiovascular risk hyperinsulinemic, triglyceride and GLP-1 curves was found. We also analysed their plasma non-coding microRNAs and shotgun lipidomics profiles finding trends that may reflect a pattern of adipose tissue dysfunction in the fed and fasted state. Direct gene differential expression data showed initial patterns of AT molecular signatures of key immunometabolic genes involved in AT expansion, angiogenic remodelling and immune cell migration. These data reinforce the central, early role of AT dysfunction at the molecular and systemic level in the pathogenesis of IR and immunometabolic disorders

Composiciones aceleradoras del tiempo de fraguado de cementos

La invención se refiera a composiciones aceleradoras de tiempo de fraguado de cementos tipo Pórtland que comprende al menos dos de los siguientes compuestos: a) caCl{sub,2}, b) CaHPO{sub,4}, c) Sílice, así como su uso en recubrimientos dentales

Memorias del I Congreso Internacional de Bioingeniería y Sistemas Inteligentes de Rehabilitación - CIBSIR 2017

El I Congreso Internacional de Bioingeniería y Sistemas Inteligentes de Rehabilitación, se celebró en Quito, capital del Ecuador. Su organización estuvo a cargo de profesores e investigadores de la Escuela Politécnica Nacional (EPN), Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (UPS), Universitat Politécnica de Valencia (UPV), Universidad Técnica del Norte (UTN), Escuela Superior Politécnica del Chimborazo (ESPOCH), Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas (ESPE), Universidad Central del Ecuador (UCE), Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral (ESPOL), Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Universidad de Las Américas (UDLA) y Universidad Mariana de Colombia. Todas ellas universidades que han trabajado de manera rigurosa para la creación de un programa académico que sirva de marco para la investigación y el intercambio de conocimientos y experiencias, así como para el desarrollo de oportunidades de colaboración para promover la difusión de tecnologías relacionadas con estos campos. Este congreso fue dirigido tanto a académicos como a profesionales y estudiantes interesados en compartir conocimientos y experiencias en las áreas de Bioingeniería y Sistemas Inteligentes de Rehabilitación. En la actualidad, el creciente avance tecnológico dedicado a los campos de la Bioingeniería y Sistemas de Rehabilitación, hace necesaria la disponibilidad de un espacio de difusión para las investigaciones que se han desarrollado en instituciones de educación superior e investigación dedicadas a estos trabajos

Tuberculosis: integrated studies for a complex disease 2050

Tuberculosis (TB) has been a disease for centuries with various challenges [1]. Like other places where challenges and opportunities come together, TB challenges were the inspiration for the scientific community to mobilize different groups for the purpose of interest. For example, with the emergence of drug resistance, there has been a huge volume of research on the discovery of new medicines and drug delivery methods and the repurposing of old drugs [2, 3]. Moreover, to enhance the capacity to detect TB cases, studies have sought diagnostics and biomarkers, with much hope recently expressed in the direction of point-of-care tests [4]. Despite all such efforts as being highlighted in 50 Chapters of this volume, we are still writing about TB and thinking about how to fight this old disease–implying that the problem of TB might be complex, so calling the need for an integrated science to deal with multiple dimensions in a simultaneous and effective manner. We are not the first one; there have been proposed integrated platform for TB research, integrated prevention services, integrated models for drug screening, integrated imaging protocol, integrated understanding of the disease pathogenesis, integrated control models, integrated mapping of the genome of the pathogen, etc. [5–12], to name some. These integrated jobs date back decades ago. So, a question arises: why is there a disease named TB yet? It might be due to the fact that this integration has happened to a scale that is not global, and so TB remains to be a problem, especially in resource-limited settings. Hope Tuberculosis: Integrated Studies for a Complex Disease helps to globalize the integrated science of TB.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio