Ciencia Odontológica 2.0

Libro que muestra avances de la Investigación Odontológica en MéxicoEs para los integrantes de la Red de Investigación en Estomatología (RIE) una enorme alegría presentar el segundo de una serie de 6 libros sobre casos clínicos, revisiones de la literatura e investigaciones. La RIE está integrada por cuerpos académicos de la UAEH, UAEM, UAC y UdeG

The emergence of primary anoetic consciousness in episodic memory

Based on an interdisciplinary perspective, we discuss how primary-process, anoetic forms of consciousness emerge into higher forms of awareness such as knowledge-based episodic knowing and self-aware forms of higher-order consciousness like autonoetic awareness. Anoetic consciousness is defined as the rudimentary state of affective, homeostatic, and sensory-perceptual mental experiences. It can be considered as the autonomic flow of primary-process phenomenal experiences that reflects a fundamental form of first-person "self-experience," a vastly underestimated primary form of phenomenal consciousness. We argue that this anoetic form of evolutionarily refined consciousness constitutes a critical antecedent that is foundational for all forms of knowledge acquisition via learning and memory, giving rise to a knowledge-based, or noetic, consciousness as well as higher forms of "awareness" or "knowing consciousness" that permits "time-travel" in the brain-mind. We summarize the conceptual advantages of such a multi-tiered neuroevolutionary approach to psychological issues, namely from genetically controlled primary (affective) and secondary (learning and memory), to higher tertiary (developmentally emergent) brain-mind processes, along with suggestions about how affective experiences become more cognitive and object-oriented, allowing the developmental creation of more subtle higher mental processes such as episodic memory which allows the possibility of autonoetic consciousness, namely looking forward and backward at one's life and its possibilities within the "mind's eye.

DELPHI project

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Mimicry and the Detection of gradual changes of facial expressions: the case of Anger, Happiness, and Identity

In a change detection task, participants were exposed to video morphs of a neutral face gradually evolving into the expression of either Anger or Happiness (Emotional) or a change in Identity (Non-emotional). Participants had to report a change in the display as soon as they detected it. Subsequently, they were asked to identify the type of change and rate the vividness of their experience. The results showed that overall electromyography (EMG) levels of the corrugator muscle selectively decreased in response to changes in Happiness. In contrast, the zygomaticus muscle exhibited a greater decrease in response to Identity changes. When looking at the EMG signal evolution through the video presentation, both muscles exhibited an early decrease in activity in response to Happiness. However, a significant decrease in the activity of the zygomaticus muscle was observed during the detection of Anger in a later time window, indicating that the processing of Anger requires more time. A similar decrease in zygomaticus muscle activity was observed during the detection of Identity changes; however, this occurred from an early time window. Additionally, patterns of EMG spontaneous responses obtained at identification and vividness were similar to those observed at detection. The corrugator muscle activity was elicited based on stimulus valence (e.g., positive vs negative). In contrast, the zygomaticus muscle activity was differentially elicited depending on whether the stimuli were emotional or non-emotional. We suggest that spontaneous facial reactions reflect emotional valuation (i.e., significance) and categorisation (e.g., grouping) processes in a complementary manner

The effects of repeated facial motor and affective matching on Identification and detection of static and dynamic facial expressions

Mimicry and imitation are thought to be important antecedents of embodied, face-based emotional perception. Simulationist models endorsing the “facial feedback hypothesis” state that proprioception from the face promote subjective feelings. However, subjective–affective- states also causally influence bodily signals. To gauge the differential contributions of facial feedback and affect, we investigated the effects of an emotional-imitation task on immediate emotion identification and a subsequent emotional change detection. Participants first performed an emotion identification task. They were presented with static faces and asked to adopt the same facial expression (Motor group) or try to feel the same emotion (Feel group). A control group passively observed the faces (Watch group). A forced-choice emotion identification followed each trial. After the imitation task, all participants performed a change detection task. First, faces gradually evolved from neutral to full-blown expressions, and participants pressed a button at the moment they perceived a change. In a second bloc, the same videos were reversed. Participants pressed a button when they thought the face had become neutral again. The main results demonstrated that face imitation affected emotion identification immediately. The Feel intervention affected performance only at a subsequent detection task. Moreover, Motor matching facilitated performance in the anger condition but affected the processing of Happiness. Affective Matching, however, affected performance in the Anger condition alone. We surmise that both interventions were task- and time-specific. We argue that voluntary facial imitation and affective matching differentially affect Anger processing, possibly because of emotion (down) regulation promoted by Facial Feedback and Simulation

The role of social remittances in promoting transformative societal change

In the examination of literature and empirical evidence, one can observe examples of how the mobilization of diaspora knowledge networks can have a positive impact in societal transformation through fostering these networks and capitalizing on their potential to transfer knowledge and experience and thus promoting innovation. The purpose of this study is to examine social remittances and their role in promoting innovation and societal change, based on the experience of a Honduran diaspora knowledge network. According to Boccagni and Decimo, social remittances have a major influence on the outcomes of the economic ones, but this influence depends on the relational circuits into which it is embedded, as well as on the social value with which it is credited. Understanding the phenomenon of monetary and social remittances requires understanding individual aspects that are at the core of the very process of cross-border ties between migrants