Effects of recreational fishing on three fish species from the Posidonia oceanica meadows off Minorca (Balearic archipelago, western Mediterranean)

Experimental fishing and visual censuses were conducted at nine Posidonia oceanica sites off Minorca exposed to different levels of fishing intensity to assess the effects of recreational fishing on the species that dominate the catch. Total catch per unit effort (CPUE) was highly seasonal and a statistically significant interaction term existed between the season and the level of fishing intensity. CPUE decreased everywhere at the end of the fishing season (autumn), but such a reduction was more intense at those sites exposed to the highest level of fishing. Visual censuses confirmed that there was a lower abundance of vulnerable fish in autumn. Differences vanished in spring probably because fish reshuffled between the considered sites throughout the winter, when the level of fishing intensity was extremely low. Although the average total lengths of Serranus scriba and Diplodus annularis were unaffected by the level of fishing intensity, the average total length of Coris julis was smaller at the most heavily fished sites. In conclusion, recreational fishing has a relevant impact on most of the exploited species and some of the seasonality reported for the Posidonia oceanica fish assemblages might be caused by the seasonality of the fishery

Archaeology of the battle of Catalonia (1939). Excavations of a section of the defensive Line L-3 in Subirats (Alt Penedès, Barcelona)

En aquest article descrivim els resultats de la intervenció arqueològica realitzada en les restes de les estructures defensives de la Guerra Civil espanyola al poble de Sant Pau d’Ordal, Subirats (Alt Penedès, Barcelona) que van estar operatives en les darreres fases del conflicte a Catalunya (gener de 1939). Tot i l’elevat nombre d’aquestes, cap dels elements excavats proporcionà un nombre significatiu de materials de l’època. Per això, reflexionem també aquí sobre la problemàtica de l’escàs grau de protecció del patrimoni arqueològic de la Guerra Civil.In this paper we report the results of the archaeological intervention carried out on the remains of defensive structures from Spanish Civil War in the village of Sant Pau d’Ordal, Subirats (Alt Penedès, Barcelona) that were operational in the latter stages of the conflict in Catalonia (January 1939). Despite their high number, none of the items excavated provided a significant number of materials from the period. So here also it is reflected on the problem of the low level of protection of the archaeological heritage of the Spanish Civil War

Adaptación al aire enrarecido de las simas y cuevas. Estudio de laboratorio

Introducción y objetivos: En el macizo del Garraf (Barcelona) las simas tienen una atmósfera con disminución de oxígeno y aumento de CO2 respecto a la normalidad. Para valorar el nivel de riesgo en la exploración de estas cavidades estudiamos a 19 espeleólogos (14 hombres y 5 mujeres) al realizar un ejercicio controlado, en una atmósfera hipercápnica, hipóxica y normobárica (15,2 ± 0,8% de O2 y 19.049 ± 299 ppmv de CO2). Métodos: El estudio se realizó en laboratorio mediante ergometría. Se realizaron 2 tests, uno en atmósfera normal (NN) y otro idéntico realizado en ambiente confinado (tienda de hipoxia), con aire enrarecido (HH). Se monitorizaron los siguientes parámetros: electrocardiograma, frecuencia cardíaca, saturación de oxígeno de la hemoglobina, lactato, glucemia capilar y presión arterial final. Resultados: Los voluntarios presentaron diferente sintomatología durante la prueba con aire enrarecido: sensación de calor (100%), mareo (47%), cefalea (3%), prurito ocular (21%), temblor en las manos (16%), extrasístoles (16,5%), respuesta hipertónica de la presión arterial (26%), taquicardia (158,5 ± 15,9 latidos/min en aire enrarecido frente a 148,7 ± 15,7 latidos/min en aire normal; p < 0,0002). Todos presentaron una disminución de la saturación de oxígeno (93,4 ± 3,4% en aire enrarecido frente a 97,7 ± 9,92% en aire normal; p < 0,00004). Discusión: Se observó una gran variabilidad individual en los síntomas y parámetros estudiados. En vista de los resultados, se recomienda no sobrepasar el umbral de 45.000 ppmv de CO2 en exploración espeleológica. Asimismo es conveniente una revisión médica de aptitu

Adaptation to the rarefied air of abysses and caves.A laboratory study

Introduction and aims: The atmosphere in the abysses of the mountains of Garraf (Barcelona) have lower oxygen levels and higher CO2 concentrations with respect to normality. To evaluate the risk of speleological exploration in this area, we studied 19 cavers (14 men and 5 women) while performing controlled exercise in a hypercapnic, hypoxic and normobaric atmosphere (15.2 ± 0.8% of 299 O2 and 19,049 ± 299 ppmv of CO2). Methods: The study was performed in a laboratory through ergometry. Two identical tests were used: one in a standard atmosphere (NN) and another in a confined atmosphere (a hypoxic tent), with rarefied air (HH). The following parameters were monitored: electrocardiogram, heart rate, oxygen saturation of hemoglobin, lactate, capillary glycemia, and final blood pressure. Results: The volunteers had distinct symptoms during the test with rarefied air: heat sensation (100%), dizziness (47%), headache (3%), ocular pruritus (21%), hand tremor (16%), extrasystoles (16.5%), hypertonic blood pressure behavior (26%), tachycardia (158.5 ± 15.9 bpm in rarefied air versus 148.7 ± 15.7 bpm in normal air; p<0.0002).All participants showed reduced oxygen saturation (93.4 ± 3.4% in rarefied air versus 97.7 ± 9.92% in normal air; p<0.00004). Discussion: Wide individual variability was found in symptoms and the parameters studied. In view of the results of this study, we recommend that a threshold of 45,000 ppmv of CO2 not be exceeded in speleological exploration. Likewise, fitness assessment should be performed in individuals planning to enter confined atmospheres, such as the caves and abysses of this mountain

Adaptació a l'aire enrarit als avencs i coves. Estudi de laboratori

Introducció i objectius: En el massís del Garraf (Barcelona) els avencs tenen una atmosfera amb disminució d'oxigen i augment de CO2 respecte a la normalitat. Per valorar el nivell de risc en l'exploració d'aquestes cavitats varem estudiar a 19 espeleòlegs (14 homes i 5 dones) en realitzar un exercici controlat, en una atmosfera hipercàpnica, hipòxica i normobàrica (15,2 ± 0,8% d'O2 i 19.049 ± 299 ppmv de CO2). Mètodes: L'estudi es va realitzar en laboratori, mitjançant ergometria. Es van realitzar 2 tests, un en atmosfera normal (NN) i un altre idèntic realitzat en ambient confinat (tenda d'hipòxia), amb l'aire enrarit (HH). Es van monitorar els següents paràmetres: electrocardiograma, freqüència cardíaca, saturació d'oxigen de l'hemoglobina, lactat, glucèmia capil·lar i pressió arterial final. Resultats: Els voluntaris van presentar diferent simptomatologia durant la prova amb aire enrarit: Sensació de calor (100%), mareig (47%), cefalea (3%), pruïja ocular (21%), tremolor a les mans (16%), extrasístoles (16,5%), resposta hipertònica de la pressió arterial (26%), taquicàrdia (158,5 ± 159 batecs/min en aire enrarit enfront de 148,7 ± 15,7 batecs/min en aire normal; p < 0,0002). Tots van presentar una disminució de la saturació d'oxigen (93,4 ± 3,4% en aire enrarit enfront de 97,7 ± 9,92% en aire normal; p < 0,00004). Discussió: Es va observar una gran variabilitat individual en els símptomes i paràmetres estudiats. En vista dels resultats, es recomana no sobrepassar el llindar de 45.000 ppmv de CO2, en exploració espeleològica. Així mateix és convenient una revisió mèdica d'aptitud abans d'internar-se en atmosferes confinades, com són els avencs i coves del mencionat massís

Archaeology of the battle of Catalonia (1939). Excavations of a section of the defensive Line L-3 in Subirats (Alt Penedès, Barcelona)

En aquest article descrivim els resultats de la intervenció arqueològica realitzada en les restes de les estructures defensives de la Guerra Civil espanyola al poble de Sant Pau d’Ordal, Subirats (Alt Penedès, Barcelona) que van estar operatives en les darreres fases del conflicte a Catalunya (gener de 1939). Tot i l’elevat nombre d’aquestes, cap dels elements excavats proporcionà un nombre significatiu de materials de l’època. Per això, reflexionem també aquí sobre la problemàtica de l’escàs grau de protecció del patrimoni arqueològic de la Guerra Civil.In this paper we report the results of the archaeological intervention carried out on the remains of defensive structures from Spanish Civil War in the village of Sant Pau d’Ordal, Subirats (Alt Penedès, Barcelona) that were operational in the latter stages of the conflict in Catalonia (January 1939). Despite their high number, none of the items excavated provided a significant number of materials from the period. So here also it is reflected on the problem of the low level of protection of the archaeological heritage of the Spanish Civil War

Adherence to capecitabine in preoperative treatment of stage II and III rectal cancer: do we need to worry?

Background: Preoperative oral capecitabine plus radiotherapy has been progressively adopted in oncology units to provide more convenient care to patients with rectal cancer, but little is known about adherence to this therapy. Patients and methods: Prospective, multicentre observational study in six hospitals in metropolitan Barcelona (Spain), in patients with stage II and III rectal cancer. Assessment of adherence was based on the medical report in the clinical history, a patient questionnaire and a pill count in the pharmacy service upon finalization of treatment. Patients were considered adherent if they had taken 80%-110% of the prescribed treatment. We evaluated clinical variables, adverse effects, anxiety and depression (using the hospital anxiety depression scale [HADS]), and quality of life (EORTC QLQ-30). We analysed adherence-associated variables using a logistic regression model and concordance between adherence measures by means of the modified Kappa index. Results: We included 119 participants. Adherence measures showed little concordance between the assessment methods used: adherence was 100% according to the clinical history, 83.2% according to self-report and 67.9% according to the pill count. In the multivariable analysis, the most relevant variable associated with non-adherence was anxiety prior to treatment (adjusted odds ratio [ORa] 6.96, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.48-32.7). We did not observe any relevant association between adherence and clinical variables and baseline quality of life parameters. Conclusions: Adherence to short-term oral neoadjuvant treatment in rectal cancer may be a clinical problem, and it should be acknowledged and systematically evaluated by clinicians during treatment. The limited concordance between different measures of adherence highlights the challenges in monitoring it and the need to use different approaches to assess its impact in clinical practice

Two warm Neptunes transiting HIP 9618 revealed by TESS and Cheops

peer reviewedHIP 9618 (HD 12572, TOI-1471, TIC 306263608) is a bright (G = 9.0 mag) solar analogue. TESS photometry revealed the star to have two candidate planets with radii of 3.9 ± 0.044 R (HIP 9618 b) and 3.343 ± 0.039 R (HIP 9618 c). While the 20.77291 d period of HIP 9618 b was measured unambiguously, HIP 9618 c showed only two transits separated by a 680-d gap in the time series, leaving many possibilities for the period. To solve this issue, CHEOPS performed targeted photometry of period aliases to attempt to recover the true period of planet c, and successfully determined the true period to be 52.56349 d. High-resolution spectroscopy with HARPS-N, SOPHIE, and CAFE revealed a mass of 10.0 ± 3.1M for HIP 9618 b, which, according to our interior structure models, corresponds to a 6.8 ± 1.4 per cent gas fraction. HIP 9618 c appears to have a lower mass than HIP 9618 b, with a 3-sigma upper limit of 50 d, opening the door for the atmospheric characterization of warm (Teq < 750 K) sub-Neptunes

Estudio e innovación en técnicas de construcción tradicionales. El barro y la paja como materiales principales

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Estudio e innovación en técnicas de construcción tradicionales. El barro y la paja como materiales principales

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