Elecciones europeas: Crisol de realidad

La importancia de las últimas elecciones radica en quién se ha elegido, pero también y sobre todo, en el fondo y en el espíritu de lo que subyace a la elección. Por primera vez los europeos —aunque solo sea de manera indirecta— han elegido a partidos políticos que apoyaban a candidatos concretos —con nombres y apellidos— que aspiran a presidir la Comisión Europea, y este hecho lejos de ser solamente un paso adelante en el camino hacia una mayor integración, representa también un hito trascendental

Uso de los museos de Madrid para el estudio de la evolución de los conceptos de “ciudadanía”, “audiencias” y “opinión pública” en estudios de grado y de postgrado de la Universidad Complutense

Proyecto de mejora de recursos disponibles para la docencia. El proyecto muestra la experiencia de aprovechar recursos de museos cercanos a las aulas de la Ciudad Universitaria de Madrid para explicar y ejemplificar críticamente la evolución histórica de conceptos-clave en Ciencias Sociales. En concreto se ha trabajado con los conceptos de ciudadanía, audiencias y opinión pública

Implementación de mejoras en el funcionamiento, los procesos y la evaluación de calidad de los servicios prestados por la Oficina de Movilidad Internacional.

Fac. de DerechoFALSEsubmitte

Implementación en la UCM del Grado en Estudios Europeos / Bachelor in European Studies en el marco de la alianza europea de universidades UNA EUROPA

El presente proyecto de innovación ha tenido por objetivo la implementación en la Universidad Complutense de Madrid del Nuevo Grado en Estudios Europeos / Bachelor of European Studies (BAES) creado en el marco de la nueva alianza europea de universidades UNA EUROPA integrada por la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, la Universidad de la Sorbona (París – I), Universidad Libre de Berlín, Universidad de Bolonia, Universidad Jaguelónica de Cracovia, Universidad de Helsinki, Universidad Católica de Lovaina, y Universidad de Edimburgo

Puesta en marcha del Doble Grado Internacional en Derecho UCM - Sorbona en el marco de la alianza europea de universidades UNA EUROPA

Implementación de mejoras que potencien el Doble Grado Internacional en Derecho impartido conjuntamente entre la UCM y la Universidad de la Sorbona y que esta doble titulación internacional refuerce el papel de la UCM en la alianza europea UNA EUROP

Epidemiological trends of HIV/HCV coinfection in Spain, 2015-2019

Altres ajuts: Spanish AIDS Research Network; European Funding for Regional Development (FEDER).Objectives: We assessed the prevalence of anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies and active HCV infection (HCV-RNA-positive) in people living with HIV (PLWH) in Spain in 2019 and compared the results with those of four similar studies performed during 2015-2018. Methods: The study was performed in 41 centres. Sample size was estimated for an accuracy of 1%. Patients were selected by random sampling with proportional allocation. Results: The reference population comprised 41 973 PLWH, and the sample size was 1325. HCV serostatus was known in 1316 PLWH (99.3%), of whom 376 (28.6%) were HCV antibody (Ab)-positive (78.7% were prior injection drug users); 29 were HCV-RNA-positive (2.2%). Of the 29 HCV-RNA-positive PLWH, infection was chronic in 24, it was acute/recent in one, and it was of unknown duration in four. Cirrhosis was present in 71 (5.4%) PLWH overall, three (10.3%) HCV-RNA-positive patients and 68 (23.4%) of those who cleared HCV after anti-HCV therapy (p = 0.04). The prevalence of anti-HCV antibodies decreased steadily from 37.7% in 2015 to 28.6% in 2019 (p < 0.001); the prevalence of active HCV infection decreased from 22.1% in 2015 to 2.2% in 2019 (p < 0.001). Uptake of anti-HCV treatment increased from 53.9% in 2015 to 95.0% in 2019 (p < 0.001). Conclusions: In Spain, the prevalence of active HCV infection among PLWH at the end of 2019 was 2.2%, i.e. 90.0% lower than in 2015. Increased exposure to DAAs was probably the main reason for this sharp reduction. Despite the high coverage of treatment with direct-acting antiviral agents, HCV-related cirrhosis remains significant in this population

Spatiotemporal Characteristics of the Largest HIV-1 CRF02_AG Outbreak in Spain: Evidence for Onward Transmissions

Background and Aim: The circulating recombinant form 02_AG (CRF02_AG) is the predominant clade among the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) non-Bs with a prevalence of 5.97% (95% Confidence Interval-CI: 5.41–6.57%) across Spain. Our aim was to estimate the levels of regional clustering for CRF02_AG and the spatiotemporal characteristics of the largest CRF02_AG subepidemic in Spain.Methods: We studied 396 CRF02_AG sequences obtained from HIV-1 diagnosed patients during 2000–2014 from 10 autonomous communities of Spain. Phylogenetic analysis was performed on the 391 CRF02_AG sequences along with all globally sampled CRF02_AG sequences (N = 3,302) as references. Phylodynamic and phylogeographic analysis was performed to the largest CRF02_AG monophyletic cluster by a Bayesian method in BEAST v1.8.0 and by reconstructing ancestral states using the criterion of parsimony in Mesquite v3.4, respectively.Results: The HIV-1 CRF02_AG prevalence differed across Spanish autonomous communities we sampled from (p &lt; 0.001). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 52.7% of the CRF02_AG sequences formed 56 monophyletic clusters, with a range of 2–79 sequences. The CRF02_AG regional dispersal differed across Spain (p = 0.003), as suggested by monophyletic clustering. For the largest monophyletic cluster (subepidemic) (N = 79), 49.4% of the clustered sequences originated from Madrid, while most sequences (51.9%) had been obtained from men having sex with men (MSM). Molecular clock analysis suggested that the origin (tMRCA) of the CRF02_AG subepidemic was in 2002 (median estimate; 95% Highest Posterior Density-HPD interval: 1999–2004). Additionally, we found significant clustering within the CRF02_AG subepidemic according to the ethnic origin.Conclusion: CRF02_AG has been introduced as a result of multiple introductions in Spain, following regional dispersal in several cases. We showed that CRF02_AG transmissions were mostly due to regional dispersal in Spain. The hot-spot for the largest CRF02_AG regional subepidemic in Spain was in Madrid associated with MSM transmission risk group. The existence of subepidemics suggest that several spillovers occurred from Madrid to other areas. CRF02_AG sequences from Hispanics were clustered in a separate subclade suggesting no linkage between the local and Hispanic subepidemics

Derechos forales y gobernanza económica multinivel

Historical rights of the Basque Country are one of the most determining characteristics of the Spanish constitutional state form. Their recognition and application both by the Spanish Constitution and the Basque Statute of Autonomy should be regarded as one of the milestones of the Spanish Democracy, so that the incardination of the Basque peculiarities having regard to the special circumstances that encompass the whole Spanish regional scheme, is to be considered as a vital component of a comprehensive approach to the State of the Autonomies. The economic Governance at EU level has provoked misunderstandings and considerations that have made come to light the background of a Union which should be most respectful of the constitutional traditions of the member States, without which no EU would be feasible, viable or workable.Los derechos forales históricos del País Vasco constituyen una de las características fundamentales de la forma de Estado de España. Su reconocimiento y aplicación tanto por la Constitución Española como por el Estatuto de Gernika debe considerarse como uno de los hitos más relevantes de la restauración democrática en España, de manera que la incardinación de las peculiaridades forales de los Territorios Históricos debe considerarse desde la perspectiva del conjunto de las circunstancias que engloban la distribución territorial del poder en España, y su organización, siendo un componente fundamental de una correcta comprensión del Estado de las Autonomías.. La Gobernanza económica en la UE ha provocado ciertos recelos e incomprensiones respecto a estos derechos históricos, y ha puesto de manifiesto que el respeto de las tradiciones constitucionales de los Estados miembros por parte de la Unión todavía tiene un cierto margen de mejora, sin la cual la UE puede resultar poco practicable y factible