Protective Effects of Montelukast Against Stress-Induced Degeneration of the Urinary Bladder

WOS: 000456211700010Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the role of montelukast (ML), a cysteinyl leukotriene-1 receptor antagonist, on the water avoidance stress (WAS) - induced degeneration of the rat urinary bladder mucosa. Methods: In WAS group, rats were exposed to WAS two hours daily for five days. In WAS+ML group, rats were administered ML (10 mg/kg; i.p.;) following every WAS exposure for 5 days. In control group, rats were injected vehicle solution only. The urinary bladder was evaluated for general morphology at light microscope. Mast cell activation and uroplakin distribution were assessed with immunohistochemistry. Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) distribution and urothelial permeability were observed using ruthenium red (RR) staining techniques in transmission electron microscope and luminal urothelial cells were observed with scanning electron microscope. Tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) and gluthatione (GSH) levels were also analysed. Results: Irregular GAG layer and uroplakin distribution, penetration of RR in the intercellular spaces and dilated tight junctions in urothelial layer, increase in inflammatory cell infiltration, in number of both granulated and activated mast cells, and were observed in the WAS group. The MDA level was increased, and GSH level was decreased significantly in urinary bladder in the WAS group in comparison with the control group. Quite regular GAG layer, uroplakin distribution and tight junctions in most regions, decrease in inflammatory cell infiltration and both of activated and granulated mast cells in the mucosa, were observed in WAS+ML group. Moreover, significant decrease in MDA and increase in GSH levels were observed in this group. Conclusion: Montelukast appears to exert a protective activity in WAS induced urinary bladder injury by inhibiting inflammatory and oxidative activity.L'Oreal Turkey, the Supporting Grant of the Young Women Scientists (2005)This study was supported by L'Oreal Turkey, the Supporting Grant of the Young Women Scientists (2005)

Effects of pentoxifylline and platelet activating factor on sperm DNA damage

WOS: 000371187300024PubMed ID: 26748389Objective: Pentoxifylline and platelet-activating factor (PAF) have been used to increase sperm motility in embryology laboratories. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether these agents pose sperm DNA damage using DNA sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) assay. Study design: Following application of pentoxifylline and PAF, sperm samples of 50 individuals with different sperm parameters were compared to baseline in terms of DNA damage using SCD assay. Furthermore, the relationship between DNA damage and sperm parameters in predicting DNA damage was assessed. Results and conclusions: Significant increase in DNA damage was observed following application of PAF and pentoxifylline. Furthermore, DNA damage was significantly increased with application of pentoxifylline compared to PAF. Sperm motility was observed to be a statistically significant indicator in predicting alterations in DNA damage in baseline and subsequent to application of PAF and pentoxifylline independent of sperm concentration and morphology. Increased DNA damage was observed in both groups following application of pentoxifylline and PAF. Furthermore, the increase in DNA damage was higher in samples treated with pentoxifylline compared to samples treated with PAF. Thus, PAF seems to be more innocent in choosing viable sperm cells and in achieving sperm motility in the in vitro fertilization laboratory. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.Istanbul Bilim University Faculty of Medicine BAPKO ProjectIstanbul Bilim University Faculty of Medicine BAPKO Project

sj-tif-2-jhc-10.1369_00221554231170662 – Supplemental material for The Distribution of Foxp3 and CD68 in Preeclamptic and Healthy Placentas: A Histomorphological Evaluation

Supplemental material, sj-tif-2-jhc-10.1369_00221554231170662 for The Distribution of Foxp3 and CD68 in Preeclamptic and Healthy Placentas: A Histomorphological Evaluation by Yasemin Ersoy Canillioglu, Gozde Erkanli Senturk, Hakan Sahin, Sadik Sahin and Yasemin Seval-Celik in Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry</p

sj-tif-1-jhc-10.1369_00221554231170662 – Supplemental material for The Distribution of Foxp3 and CD68 in Preeclamptic and Healthy Placentas: A Histomorphological Evaluation

Supplemental material, sj-tif-1-jhc-10.1369_00221554231170662 for The Distribution of Foxp3 and CD68 in Preeclamptic and Healthy Placentas: A Histomorphological Evaluation by Yasemin Ersoy Canillioglu, Gozde Erkanli Senturk, Hakan Sahin, Sadik Sahin and Yasemin Seval-Celik in Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry</p

Distribution of Zonula Occludens-1 and Occludin and alterations of testicular morphology after in utero radiation and postnatal hyperthermia in rats

In utero irradiation (IR) and postnatal hyperthermia (HT) exposure cause infertility by decreasing spermatogenic colony growth and the number of sperm in rats. Four groups were used: (i) Control group, (ii) HT group (rats exposed to hyperthermia on the 10th postnatal day), (iii) IR group (rats exposed to IR on the 17th gestational day) and (iv) IR + HT group. Three and six months after the procedures testes were examined by light and electron microscopy. Some degenerated tubules in the HT group, many vacuoles in spermatogenic cells and degenerated tight junctions in the IR group, atrophic tubules and severe degeneration of tight junctions in the IR + HT group were observed. ZO-1 and occludin immunoreactivity were decreased and disorganized in the HT and IR groups and absent in the IR + HT group. The increase in the number of apoptotic cells was accompanied by a time-dependent decrease in haploid, diploid and tetraploid cells in all groups. Degenerative findings were severe after 6 months in all groups. The double-hit model may represent a Sertoli cell only model of infertility due to a decrease in spermatogenic cell and alterated blood-testis barrier proteins in rat

The effect of alpha lipoic acid on the recovery of sciatic nerve injury in rats

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the regenerative effects of alpha lipoic acid on the recovery of sciatic nerve crush injury (SNCI) in rats. Design This was a randomized, experimental, and sham-controlled study. The sciatic nerves of 28 rats in four groups were traumatized for 60 secs: G1, sham operated + saline; G2, SNCI + saline; G3, SNCI + alpha lipoic acid 50 mg/kg/day; and G4, SNCI + alpha lipoic acid 100 mg/kg/day. Sciatic functional index values were measured on day 0, 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28. Sciatic nerve stimulation threshold values were recorded on day 1, 14, and 28. End-point histopathologic evaluation was conducted. Results The mean sciatic functional index value of G2 but not G3/G4 on day 7 was significantly lower than on day 0 (P = 0.035, P = 0.447/P = 0.800). The mean sciatic functional index value of G2 but not G3/G4 increased significantly between day 7 and 14 (P = 0.035, P = 0.447/P = 0.438). The day 14 mean sciatic nerve stimulation threshold values of G3/G4 but not G2 were decreased significantly compared with those on day 1 (P = 0.022/P = 0.022, P = 0.933). The mean sciatic nerve stimulation threshold values of G3/G4 on day 14 were similar to those on day 0 (P = 0.106/P = 0.418). Regeneration in muscle and nerve connective tissues and nerve structures was observed in G3/G4. Inflammation in the muscle and nerve tissues of G4 was suppressed down to similar levels of G1. Myelinated nerve fibers were less degenerated in G3/G4. Conclusion Alpha lipoic acid has the potential to accelerate the process of nerve healing in the context of SNCI in rats

The Effect of Alpha Lipoic Acid on the Recovery of Sciatic Nerve Injury in Rats A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the regenerative effects of alpha lipoic acid on the recovery of sciatic nerve crush injury (SNCI) in rats. Design This was a randomized, experimental, and sham-controlled study. The sciatic nerves of 28 rats in four groups were traumatized for 60 secs: G1, sham operated + saline; G2, SNCI + saline; G3, SNCI + alpha lipoic acid 50 mg/kg/day; and G4, SNCI + alpha lipoic acid 100 mg/kg/day. Sciatic functional index values were measured on day 0, 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28. Sciatic nerve stimulation threshold values were recorded on day 1, 14, and 28. End-point histopathologic evaluation was conducted. Results The mean sciatic functional index value of G2 but not G3/G4 on day 7 was significantly lower than on day 0 (P = 0.035, P = 0.447/P = 0.800). The mean sciatic functional index value of G2 but not G3/G4 increased significantly between day 7 and 14 (P = 0.035, P = 0.447/P = 0.438). The day 14 mean sciatic nerve stimulation threshold values of G3/G4 but not G2 were decreased significantly compared with those on day 1 (P = 0.022/P = 0.022, P = 0.933). The mean sciatic nerve stimulation threshold values of G3/G4 on day 14 were similar to those on day 0 (P = 0.106/P = 0.418). Regeneration in muscle and nerve connective tissues and nerve structures was observed in G3/G4. Inflammation in the muscle and nerve tissues of G4 was suppressed down to similar levels of G1. Myelinated nerve fibers were less degenerated in G3/G4. Conclusion Alpha lipoic acid has the potential to accelerate the process of nerve healing in the context of SNCI in rats

The impact of vessel clamps on endothelial integrity and function of saphenous vein grafts

İstanbul Bilim Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi.Background: Saphenous vein graft (SVG) failure can be associated with endothelial damage during coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Endothelial damage may develop after application of occlusive vessel clamps on SVGs. This study was designed to investigate the effect of plastic and metal clamps on the endothelial integrity and function of SVGs. Methods: Saphenous vein samples were obtained from 10 consecutive patients, who underwent an elective CABG using SVG. Plastic (group 1) and metal (group 2) clamps were sequentially applied on the vein. Each set of clamps (1 plastic and 1 metal) was removed and sampled at 5, 15, and 30 min, respectively. A short SVG segment was removed as control. The samples were fixed for histopathologic study using hematoxylin eosin staining and immunostaining for endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression. In each group, endothelial, elastic tissue, muscular layer, and adventitial changes were investigated under light microscope and compared using a histologic scoring system. The intensity of eNOS expression was assessed using histochemical scoring system. Results: In both groups, histopathologic examinations showed progressive endothelial damage in the zones of clamp application, compared with the control group (P < 0.001). Histopathologic changes were more favorable with the metal clamps, compared with the plastic clamps, at 5 and 15 min. No significant increase in endothelial damage occurred after 15 min. The eNOS immunoreactivity of SVGs significantly decreased in the damaged areas of the endothelium (P < 0.05). In metal clamps, the intensity of eNOS immunostaining was significantly high at 5 min, compared with plastic clamps (P < 0.05). However, the intensity of eNOS expression in metal clamps was significantly lower than plastic clamps at 15 min (P < 0.05). No significant difference was observed between the groups at 30 min. Conclusions: The endothelial cells can be better preserved with short-term application of SVGs with metal clamps rather than plastic clamps. These findings suggest that temporary use of metal clamps can be preferred without major effects on vascular integrity and function