Hipoparatiroidismo post Tiroidectomía en pacientes de Cirugía general, Hospital Escuela Carlos Roberto Huembes, enero 2015 a enero 2019

Con el objetivo es Analizar factores de riesgo asociados a la incidencia de hipoparatiroidismo en pacientes sometidos a tiroidectomía, servicio de cirugía del Hospital Carlos Roberto Huembes, enero 2015 enero 2019; Se realizó estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y analítico, sobre las características demográficos, clínicos, de laboratorio, factores de riesgo, manejo y evolución, los análisis estadísticos efectuados fueron: descriptivos, prueba de correlación no paramétrica de Pearson. Del análisis y discusión de los resultados obtenidos se alcanzaron las siguientes conclusiones. La edad promedio de 47 años, predominando el sexo femenino en un 90.9% (30), 21.2% presento calcemia menor de 7.5mg/dl, ninguno presentó sintomatología grave; Existe correlación entre factores de riesgo y la presentación de hipoparatiroidismo post tiroidectomía. Se administró calcio vía oral en un 15 % la vía oral, a dosis de 2 gramos día (12.1%), logrando niveles óptimos para su egreso a los 3 días de tratamiento, en el 9% de los pacientes, la estancia hospitalaria se prolongó hasta 3 días. De acuerdo a la evolución, el 76% de los pacientes tiroidectomizados presentó hipoparatiroidismo transitorio, requiriendo en el 57.5% de los casos un periodo de 0 a 3 meses para la normalización de los niveles de calcio, no se reportaron casos de hipoparatiroidismo permanente. En conclusión, la edad promedio fue 47 con predominio del sexo femenino, no se Asoció la sintomatología grave en pacientes con calcio sérico menor de 7.5mg/dl, existe correlación entre factores de riesgo e hipoparatiroidismo, no se reportaron casos de hipoparatiroidismo permanente, 76% de pacientes presentó hipoparatiroidismo transitorio

Soil-Transmitted Helminths, Poverty, and Malnutrition in Honduran Children Living in Remote Rural Communities

Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections are endemic in Honduras, but their prevalence according to the levels of poverty in the population has not been examined. The present cross-sectional study is aimed to determine the role of different levels of poverty in STH prevalence and infection intensity as well as the potential associations of STH infections with malnutrition and anemia. Research participants were children attending a medical brigade serving remote communities in Northern Honduras in June 2014. Demographic data were obtained, and poverty levels were determined using the unsatisfied basic needs method. STH infections were investigated by the Kato-Katz method; hemoglobin concentrations were determined with the HemoCue system; and stunting, thinness, and underweight were determined by anthropometry. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and univariate and multivariable logistic regression models. Among 130 children who participated in this study, a high prevalence (69.2%) of parasitism was found and the poorest children were significantly more infected than those living in less poor communities (79.6% vs. 61.8%; P = 0.030). Prevalence rates of Trichuris trichiura, Ascaris lumbricoides, and hookworms were 69.2%, 12.3%, and 3.85%, respectively. In total, 69% of children had anemia and 30% were stunted. Households’ earthen floor and lack of latrines were associated with infection. Greater efforts should be made to reduce STH prevalence and improve overall childhood health, in particular, among the poorest children lacking the basic necessities of life

High Endemicity of Soil-Transmitted Helminths in a Population Frequently Exposed to Albendazole but No Evidence of Antiparasitic Resistance

Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) are gastrointestinal parasites widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas. Mass drug administration (MDA) of benzimidazoles (BZ) is the most recommended for STH control. These drugs have demonstrated limited efficacy against Trichuris trichiura and the long-term use of single-dose BZ has raised concerns of the possible emergence of genetic resistance. The objective of this investigation was to determine whether genetic mutations associated with BZ resistance were present in STH species circulating in an endemic region of Honduras. Methods: A parasitological survey was performed as part of this study, the Kato–Katz technique was used to determine STH prevalence in children of La Hicaca, Honduras. A subgroup of children received anthelminthic treatment in order to recover adult parasite specimens that were analyzed through molecular biology techniques. Genetic regions containing codons 200, 198, and 167 of the β-tubulin gene of Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura were amplified and sequenced. Results: Stool samples were collected from 106 children. The overall STH prevalence was 75.47%, whereby T. trichiura was the most prevalent helminth (56.6%), followed by A. lumbricoides (17%), and hookworms (1.9%). Eighty-five sequences were generated for adjacent regions to codons 167, 198, and 200 of the β-tubulin gene of T. trichiura and A. lumbricoides specimens. The three codons of interest were found to be monomorphic in all the specimens. Conclusion: Although the inability to find single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the small sample analyzed for the present report does not exclude the possibility of their occurrence, these results suggest that, at present, Honduras’s challenges in STH control may not be related to drug resistance but to environmental conditions and/or host factors permitting reinfections.Brock University Library Open Access Publishing Fun

Tuning the redox properties of Co-N4 macrocyclic complexes for the catalytic electrooxidation of glucose

Graphite electrodes modified with four different cobalt N4 macrocyclics, namely Co tetrapentapyridinophthalocyanine, (CoTPenPyrPc), Co tetrapyridinoporphyrazine (CoTPyPz), Co octa(hydroxyethylthio)phthalocyanine (CoOEHTPc) and Co tetranitrophthalocyanine (CoTNPc) exhibit catalytic activity for the oxidation of glucose in alkaline media. The purpose of this work is to establish correlations between the catalytic activity of these complexes and their redox potential. The activity of the different modified electrodes was tested by linear voltammetry under hydrodynamic conditions using the rotating disk technique. Tafel plots constructed from mass-transport corrected currents give slopes ranging from 0.080 to 0.160 V/decade for the different catalysts which suggests that a first one-electron step is rate controlling with the symmetry of the energy barrier depending on the nature of the ligand of the Co complex. A plot of log I versus the Co(II)/(I) formal potential gives a volcano curve that also includes catalysts studied previously. This illustrates the concept that the formal potential of the catalyst needs to be tuned to a certain value for achieving maximum activity. A theoretical interpretation of these results is given in terms of Langmuir isotherms for the adsorption of glucose on the Co sites of the surface-confined metal complexes

Efficacy and Safety of Albendazole and High-Dose Ivermectin Coadministration in School-Aged Children Infected With Trichuris trichiura in Honduras: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: The efficacy of currently available anthelminthics against Trichuris trichiura infections is significatively lower than for other soil-transmitted helminths (STH). The combination of ivermectin (IVM) and albendazole (ALB) has shown significant improvements in efficacy.Methods: Safety and efficacy randomized controlled clinical trial comparing 3 experimental regimens against ALB monotherapy for the treatment of T. trichiura infections in northern Honduras. Infected children were randomized to one of the following treatments: (Arm 1) single-dose ALB 400 mg; (Arm 2) single-dose ALB 400 mg/IVM 600 μg/kg; (Arm 3) ALB 400 mg for 3 consecutive days; or (Arm 4) ALB 400 mg/IVM 600 μg/kg for 3 consecutive days. Efficacy was measured through egg reduction rate (ERR) and cure rate (CR), both assessed 14-21 days after treatment using the Kato-Katz method. Safety was evaluated by analyzing the frequency and severity of adverse events.Results: A total of 176 children were randomized to one of the 4 treatment arms, 117 completed treatment and follow-up. The ERR for Arms 1 to 4 were: 47.7%, 96.7%, 72.1% and 100%, respectively; with p-values <0.001 between IVM groups and ALB only arms. The CRs were 4.2%, 88.6%, 33.3% and 100%, respectively. A total of 48 (85.4% mild) AEs were reported in 36 children.Conclusions: The combined use of ALB and high-dose IVM is a highly effective and well tolerated treatment for the treatment of T. trichiura infections offering a significantly improved treatment for the control of this infection.Fil: Matamoros, Gabriela. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras; Honduras. Brock University; CanadáFil: Sánchez, Ana. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras; Honduras. Brock University; CanadáFil: Gabrie, José Antonio. Brock University; CanadáFil: Juárez, Marisa. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Sede Regional Orán. Instituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta; ArgentinaFil: Ceballos, Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Escalada, Andrés. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Sede Regional Orán. Instituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta; ArgentinaFil: Rodríguez, Carol. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras; HondurasFil: Martí Soler, Helena. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; EspañaFil: Rueda, María Mercedes. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras; HondurasFil: Canales, Maritza. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras; HondurasFil: Lanusse, Carlos Edmundo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Cajal, Silvana Pamela. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Sede Regional Orán. Instituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta; ArgentinaFil: Alvarez, Luis Ignacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Cimino, Rubén Oscar. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Sede Regional Orán. Instituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta; ArgentinaFil: Krolewiecki, Alejandro Javier. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Sede Regional Orán. Instituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales; Argentina. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; España. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta; Argentin

La gestión municipal y su impacto en la gobernabilidad en los gobiernos locales del Perú, 2021

The purpose of this research is to detail and examine the conceptual approach to the management of municipalities and its influence on governance as a very important factor in the well-being of citizens, the foundation is centered on organizational theory as the main source that should be promote the state in its public institutions, likewise improve the capacities of human resources for a better efficient performance to achieve its objectives in the same way in the research carried out we make relevance that it is very important that citizens participate since this contributes to the development of localities. For this, a systematic review of articles published in scientific journals of scielo, Redalyc and Latindex indexed journals whose publications are between 2015 and 2020 has been made, for which a database of 10 articles has been developed. It will allow the discussions to be held and thus reach the conclusions of how effective municipal management has a positive impact on good governance and its study, diagnosis will influence in a timely manner for future research.La finalidad de esta investigación es&nbsp; detallar y examinar la aproximación conceptual de la gestión de los municipios y su influencia en la gobernabilidad como un factor muy importante en el bienestar de los ciudadanos, el fundamento está centrado en la teoría organizacional como principal fuente que se debería impulsar el estado en sus instituciones públicas, así mismo mejorar las capacidades de los recursos humano para un mejor desempeño eficiente para el logro de sus objetivo del mismo modo en la investigación realizada hacemos relevancia que es muy importante que los ciudadanos participen &nbsp;&nbsp;ya que &nbsp;esto contribuye al desarrollo de las localidades. Para ello se ha hecho revisión sistemática&nbsp; de artículos publicadas en revistas científicas de scielo, Redalyc y revistas indexadas latindex cuyas publicaciones estén comprendidas entre el 2015 al 2020 para el cual se ha desarrollado una base de datos de 10 artículos&nbsp; los resultados obtenidos de estas investigaciones nos permitirá hacer las discusiones y con ello llegar a las conclusiones de como la gestión municipal efectiva tiene un impacto positivo para una buena gobernabilidad y su estudio, diagnostico incidirá de manera oportuna para futuras investigaciones

Retos y desafíos en la escritura de artículos científicos de estudiantes de posgrado

Revista Portal de la Ciencia, No. 9, diciembre 2015, pp.15-21Revista Portal de la Ciencia, No. 9, diciembre 2015, pp.15-2

Inclusive innovation for the promotion of regional food heritage: A case study of a small producers' fair model in urban spaces

The current research develops a case study of a model of a Fair of small producers in urban spaces, discussing the implications of inclusive innovation processes from a regional food heritage perspective. Through gathering primary information, interviews and discussions with the protagonists and stakeholders, this study reveals innovation processes that have facilitated inclusive development taking into account the participation of rural small producers. The configuration of inclusive innovation processes has been evidenced by the assets, actors and the food community that have been created in the frame of the Fair. This has generated a new value to this initiative and has laid the basis for the consolidation of the Fair as a model that can be replied. The analysis allows us to affirm that the Fair constitutes a space for inclusive innovation due to it has built new networks with heterogeneous actors, it has capitalized various types of traditional knowledge and it has generated opportunities for small producers. From a cultural perspective, the regional food heritage that has been promoted by small producers in the Fair, has contributed to generating new capacities and opportunities in this population

Innovación inclusiva para el fomento del patrimonio alimentario regional: Un estudio de caso de un modelo de Feria de pequeños productores en espacios urbanos (Inclusive innovation for the promotion of regional food heritage: A case study of a small producers' fair model in urban spaces)

The current research develops a case study of a model of a Fair of small producers in urban spaces, discussing the implications of inclusive innovation processes from a regional food heritage perspective. Through gathering primary information, interviews and discussions with the protagonists and stakeholders, this study reveals innovation processes that have facilitated inclusive development taking into account the participation of rural small producers. The configuration of inclusive innovation processes has been evidenced by the assets, actors and the food community that have been created in the frame of the Fair. This has generated a new value to this initiative and has laid the basis for the consolidation of the Fair as a model that can be replied. The analysis allows us to affirm that the Fair constitutes a space for inclusive innovation due to it has built new networks with heterogeneous actors, it has capitalized various types of traditional knowledge and it has generated opportunities for small producers. From a cultural perspective, the regional food heritage that has been promoted by small producers in the Fair, has contributed to generating new capacities and opportunities in this population.El presente trabajo es un estudio de caso de un modelo de Feria de pequeños productores rurales que se desarrolla en un espacio urbano, el cual discute las implicancias de los procesos de innovación inclusiva desde una perspectiva del patrimonio alimentario regional. A través del recojo de información primaria, entrevistas y discusiones con los protagonistas y actores relacionados se evidencia cómo los procesos de innovación han logrado generar procesos de desarrollo inclusivo en pequeños productores. La configuración de los procesos de innovación inclusiva se ha podido evidenciar desde los activos, actores y comunidad alimentaria de la Feria, que han servido para darle valor a la iniciativa, así como han sentado las bases para la consolidación de un modelo con gran potencial de réplica. El análisis realizado, permite afirmar que la Feria se constituye en un espacio de innovación inclusiva pues ha construido redes con actores heterogéneos, ha capitalizado diversos tipos de conocimientos tradicionales y ha generado oportunidades a pequeños productores, revalorizando su patrimonio alimentario regional lo cual ha contribuido a generar nuevas capacidades y oportunidades en dicha población