ASSOCIAÇÃO ENTRE LOMBALGIA CRÔNICA E DEPRESSÃO

A lombalgia com duração superior a 7-12 semanas é considerada crônica. Essa condição é reconhecida como um problema comum e que demanda altos custos em todo o mundo. É comum em pacientes portadores de dores lombares crônicas, a presença de depressão, ansiedade e distúrbios do sono. Embora não esteja claro que lombalgia crônica seja a causa base de depressão, é clara a associação entre elas. Esse estudo tem como objetivo identificar a influência da lombalgia crônica para o desenvolvimento de depressão e a frequência em que ocorre depressão nesses pacientes. A metodologia escolhida foi a revisão integrativa. Ao todo nove artigos foram selecionados. Sete estudos comprovaram a existência da relação entre lombalgia crônica e depressão. Nesses estudos podem-se encontrar resultados que variam de 4% a 69,7%. A promoção de saúde e prevenção da instalação das patologias crônicas de coluna, através de medidas simples de educação da população é a melhor forma de prevenção da instalação do quadro crônico

PROFILE OF USERS OF AMBULATORY AND HOSPITAL SERVICES

Background: The goal of this paper is to understand the gender and age profile of the users of ambulatory services at Public Hospital (PH). Gender and age are fundamental elements for the construction of public policies at local and regional level. Methods: We performed a 3-year retrospective data collection, regarding age and gender of the population of the outpatient clinic of the PH between 2013 and 2015. It is a research with quantitative approach performed through three databases from january 2013 to December 2015 totaling 460,505 consultations. The database of the Public Hospital was adopted as the primary source, it was also consulted the database of the last two censuses of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) and the database of the Regional Health Division. The cross-checking of data, through Microsoft Excel and the Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) software, allowed the construction of a graph structured by gender and age according to the standards defined by IBGE on 2010, as well as the comparison between age and gender profile of the total population attended by PH and its consultations. Results: In the period from 2013 to 2015, 460,505 patients were attended. In the in question, the female audience represents 60.5% of the attendances, while the male population accounts for 39.5%. Only in the age groups between 0 and 14 and 85 to 89 years the male audience is larger. The difference in care is accentuated in the middle of the pyramid, in the ranges between 30 and 69 years, during which time women are responsible for 65.5% of the attendances against 34.5% of men. Such gender proportional differences are maintained on the total population, the only significant variation is on the age group from 80 and older where although there is a female majority of users, there is also a larger female majority on the population. Conclusions: The data found agrees with other studies regarding the same theme, which indicates a majority of female use of health care. The existence of a female majority demands the analyses of how to provide a better service for women. Furthermore, there is a need to better understand sociocultural and institutional barriers for the strategic proposal of measures that will promote the access of men to the primary care services, which should be the gateway to the health system.The goal of this study was to understand the gender and age profile of the users of ambulatory services at public hospital. Gender and age are fundamental elements for the construction of public policies at local and regional level. We performed a 3-year retrospective data collection, regarding age and gender of the population of the outpatient clinic of the public hospital between 2013 and 2015. It is a research with quantitative approach performed through three databases from january 2013 to December 2015 totaling 460.505 consultations. The database of the public hospital was adopted as the primary source, it was also consulted the database of the last two censuses of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) and the database of the Regional Health Division. The cross-checking of data, through Microsoft Excel and the Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) software, allowed the construction of a graph structured by gender and age according to the standards defined by IBGE on 2010, as well as the comparison between age and gender profile of the total population attended by public hospital and its consultations. The female audience represents 60.5% of the attendances, while the male population accounts for 39.5%. Only in the age groups between 0 and 14 and 85 to 89 years the male audience is larger. The difference in care is accentuated in the middle of the pyramid, in the ranges between 30 and 69 years, during which time women are responsible for 65.5% of the attendances against 34.5% of men. Such gender proportional differences are maintained on the total population, the only significant variation is on the age group from 80 and older where although there is a female majority of users, there is also a larger female majority on the population. Studies show that women make more references to health problems than men, as these represent, according to the male imagination, virility and strength, not representing vulnerability to the disease. Men do not recognize themselves as targets of health care and they are less likely to seek health services for cultural reasons, mainly, opening space for discussion about social inequalities in health between men and women

Cytogenetic Instability in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Survivors

Contemporary anticancer therapies have largely improved the outcome for children with cancer, especially for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). Actually, between 78% and 85% of patients achieve complete remission and are alive after 5 years of therapy completion. However, as cure rates increase, new concerns about the late effects of genotoxic treatment emerge, being the risk of developing secondary neoplasias, the most serious life-threatening rising problem. In the present paper, we describe and review the cytogenetic findings in peripheral lymphocytes from ALL survivors, and discuss aspects associated to the occurrence of increased chromosome rearrangements in this growing cohort

PARTICIPAÇÃO DO PACIENTE COM DORES CRÔNICAS NA CONSTRUÇÃO DA CONDUTA MÉDICA E ADESÃO AO TRATAMENTO

No tratamento de dores crônicas é difícil a definição de um modelo específico para abordagem terapêutica, sendo importante a avaliação individual de cada paciente com participação ativa do mesmo. No Brasil, ainda são escassos os estudos sobre a participação do indivíduo na construção da conduta. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a associação entre a adesão à terapêutica prescrita e o grau de participação dos doentes na construção da conduta médica. Cerca de 87,5% dos pacientes que abandonaram um tratamento não haviam participado da construção do mesmo, o que denota uma correlação positiva entre os a autonomia e a adesão ao tratamento (p=0,004). Apesar da maioria dos pacientes terem conhecimento sobre detalhes da sua doença, ainda está instalado um modelo não participativo, que institui somente ao médico a tomada de decisão, já que estes não são questionados pelo médico quanto as suas necessidades e dificuldades

Centrosome amplification in chondrosarcomas: A primary cell culture and cryopreserved tumor sample study

The genetics background underlying the aggressiveness of chondrosarcoma (CS) is poorly understood. One possible cause of malignant transformation is chromosomal instability, which involves an error in mitotic segregation due to numerical and/or functional abnormalities of centrosomes. The present study aimed to evaluate centrosome amplification in cryopreserved samples of tumor tissue from patients with CS. An analysis was performed on 3 primary cultures of tumors from patients who underwent surgery between January 2012 and December 2012 at the Department of Orthopedics at the Barretos Cancer Hospital (Barretos, Brazil). Additionally, cryopreserved tumor specimens were analyzed from 10 patients. The data were assessed using immunocytochemistry and immunohistochemistry staining techniques with monoclonal antibody anti-gamma-tubulin. A total of 4 samples of CS cultured cells were obtained from 3 patients. A recurrence of a histological grade III tumor was detected in a female patient with Ollier's syndrome. The other 2 cases were grade I and III. The incidence of centrosome amplification in the primary cultures ranged from 15-64% of the cells. Whereas control cultured fibroblasts showed baseline levels of 4% amplified cells. For the cryopreserved specimens, two independent observers analyzed each sample and counted the cells stained with.-tubulin, verifying the percentage of affected cells to be a mean of 14%, with the number of clusters ranging between 0-6 per slide. In conclusion, centrosome amplification was found to be a consistent biological feature of CS and may underlie chromosomal instability in this tumor.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A study of the constitutive heterochromatin and nucleolus organizer regions of Isocopris inhiata and Diabroctis mimas (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae) using C-banding, AgNO3 staining and FISH techniques

Meiotic and mitotic chromosomes of Isocopris inhiata and Diabroctis mimas were studied by standard staining procedures, C-banding, silver nitrate staining and FISH using Apis mellifera 28S rDNA as probe. Isocopris inhiata presented a 2n = 18 (8II+ Xy p) karyotype, composed of meta-submetacentric chromosomes with gradual reduction in size. The karyotype of D. mimas was 2n = 20 (9II+ Xy p), composed of meta-submetacentric (pairs 1, 2, 3, 4 and 7) and acrocentric (pairs 5, 6, 8 and 9) chromosomes, with gradual reduction in size. Analysis of constitutive heterochromatin revealed similar C-banding patterns for both species, showing pericentromeric and telomeric bands and diphasic chromosomes. In addition, the X chromosomes of these species were found to be almost completely heterochromatic. The presence of chromocenters was checked in one or more phases of prophase I of these species. All heterochromatin reacted positively for the silver stain. By FISH analysis we were able to locate the rDNA in medium-size autosome pairs in both species and in the X chromosome of D. mimas

Assessment of two medicinal plants, Psidium guajava L. and Achillea millefolium L., in in vitro and in vivo assays

The use of medicinal plants by the general population is an old and still widespread practice, which makes studies of their genotoxicity essential. Psidium guajava L. and Achillea millefolium L. are examples of plants commonly used in popular medicine. P. guajava L. is indicated for diarrhea and also as an antiseptic, while A. millefolium L. is indicated as an analgesic, antispasmodic, digestive, diuretic, antiseptic, astringent, emollient, wound healer and hemorrhoid medication. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of the infusions of these two plant species on chromosomes and the cell cycle. Leaves from the plants were used to prepare infusions, in the same manner as teas, but at two different concentrations. Allium cepa L. root-tip cells (P. guajava L. - 2.62 and 26.2 mg/mL, and A. millefolium L. - 3.5 and 35.0 mg/mL) and Wistar rat bone marrow cells (P. guajava L. - 2.62 and 26.2 mg/100g body weight, and A. millefolium L. - 3.5 and 35.0 mg/100g body weight) were used as in vivo plant and animal test systems, respectively. Human peripheral blood lymphocytes (P. guajava L. - 0.262 and 2.62 mg/mL culture medium, and A. millefolium L. - 0.35 and 3.5 mg/mL culture medium) were used as in vitro test system. The P. guajava L. infusion at the higher concentration caused a statistically significant inhibition of cellular division in the onion root-tip cells, not observed in onion root-tip cells treated with A. millefolium L. No statistically significant alterations were found, as compared to untreated controls, in either the cell cycle or the number of chromosome alterations, after treatments with either plant, in rat cells or in cultured human lymphocytes. These results regarding the cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of these plants provide valuable information about the safety of using them as therapeutic agents

<em>Averrhoa carambola</em> L., <em>Syzygium cumini</em> (L.) Skeels and <em>Cissus sicyoides</em> L.: medicinal herbal tea effects on vegetal and animal test systems <em>Averrhoa carambola</em> L., <em>Syzygium cumini</em> (L.) Skeels e <em>Cissus sicyoides</em> L.: efeitos dos chás de plantas medicinais sobre os sistemas-teste vegetal e animal

Since folk medicine has been greatly appreciated for centuries, many researchers decided to study more deeply the curative qualities of plants. In the present study, meristematic cells of <em>Allium cepa</em> L. were used as vegetal test system and bone marrow cells of Wistar rats as animal test system. Both were treated <em>in vivo</em> to evaluate whether the plants <em>Averrhoa carambola</em> L., <em>Syzygium cumini</em> (L.) Skeels and <em>Cissus sicyoides</em> L. presented cytotoxic and mutagenic effects and whether they resulted in cell alterations in their morphology, chromosomes or cell cycle division. Herbal teas were prepared as normally done by the population, albeit in two different concentrations, the usual concentration and a concentration ten times higher. Rats were treated with only one concentration of teas. Results showed that teas did not alter the cell cycle of <em>Allium cepa</em> L., with the exception of the 24 hours analysis after suspension of treatment (recovery of treatments), with a lower concentration of <em>Averrhoa carambola</em>. The latter had a low mitotic index when compared to control and to the post-treatment analysis, showing an inhibition of cell division. The three herbal teas neither induced an increase in the number of chromosomal damage in bone marrow cells of Wistar rats nor altered the cell division cycle. Results are important in so far as these plants are used as therapeutic agents<br>As plantas medicinais têm sido muito estudadas devido aos seus efeitos curativos. Neste estudo foram utilizados o sistema teste vegetal em células meristemáticas de <em>Allium cepa</em> L. e o sistema teste animal em células da medula óssea de ratos Wistar tratados <em>in vivo</em> para avaliação dos efeitos citotóxicos e mutagênicos das plantas <em>Averrhoa carambola</em> L., <em>Syzygium cumini</em> (L.) Skeels e <em>Cissus sicyoides</em> L., analisando-se o ciclo de divisão celular, morfologia e cromossomos. Os chás das plantas foram preparados da maneira usada pela população e em duas diferentes concentrações, a usual e outra dez vezes maior. Os chás foram aplicados em doses únicas nos ratos. A avaliação demonstrou que os chás não alteram o ciclo celular de <em>Allium cepa</em> L., exceto na análise 24 horas após a retirada do tratamento (recuperação dos tratamentos) com a menor concentração de <em>Averrhoa carambola</em> L., o qual apresentou um baixo índice mitótico quando comparado ao controle e à análise imediatamente após o tratamento, mostrando uma inibição da divisão celular. Os três chás não induziram aumento do número de alterações cromossômicas em células da medula óssea de ratos Wistar e não alteraram o ciclo de divisão celular. Os resultados são importantes pelo fato de que essas plantas são usadas como agentes terapêuticos pela populaçã

Effects of Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. and Bauhinia candicans Benth infusions on onion root-tip and rat bone-marrow cells

Medicinal plants are widely used to treat various diseases, and in Brazil the plants Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. and Bauhinia candicans Benth are commonly used in popular medicine. However, there are a large number of compounds in plants which can produce alterations in genetic material, and this study was conducted to investigate any possible mutagenic and cytotoxic effects that M. ilicifolia and B. candicans infusions may have on the cell cycle and chromosomes. Infusions were prepared with in natura leaves to give two concentrations of infusions, one at the concentration normally used by the population in general and the other at 10 times this value (i.e. 3.5 and 35 mg/mL for M. ilicifolia and 0.465 and 4.65 mg/mL for B. candicans). Onion (Allium cepa L.) root-tip cells (RTC) and Wistar rat bone-marrow cells (BMC) were used as test systems in in vivo assays. The M. ilicifolia infusions at both concentrations, and the B. candicans infusion at the lower concentration, had no statistically significant depressive mitotic effect on RTC. A statistically significant depressive mitotic effect on RTC was found with the more concentrated (4.65 mg/mL) B. candicans infusion as compared with a negative control. In BMC, infusions of B. candicans and M. ilicifolia produced no statistically significant increase in the number of chromosome alterations or rates of cell division as compared to controls. The significance of these findings are discussed in the light of the use of these plants as therapeutic agents