2,361 research outputs found
Physics opportunities with future proton accelerators at CERN
We analyze the physics opportunities that would be made possible by upgrades
of CERN's proton accelerator complex. These include the new physics possible
with luminosity or energy upgrades of the LHC, options for a possible future
neutrino complex at CERN, and opportunities in other physics including rare
kaon decays, other fixed-target experiments, nuclear physics and antiproton
physics, among other possibilities. We stress the importance of inputs from
initial LHC running and planned neutrino experiments, and summarize the
principal detector R&D issues.Comment: 39 page, word document, full resolution version available from
http://cern.ch/pofpa/POFPA-arXive.pd
Complete Genome Sequence of Pelosinus fermentans JBW45, a Member of a Remarkably Competitive Group of Negativicutes in the Firmicutes Phylum.
The genome of Pelosinus fermentans JBW45, isolated from a chromium-contaminated site in Hanford, Washington, USA, has been completed with PacBio sequencing. Nine copies of the rRNA gene operon and multiple transposase genes with identical sequences resulted in breaks in the original draft genome and may suggest genomic instability of JBW45
Minimally invasive management of vital teeth requiring root canal therapy
The present study aimed to investigate the possible use of a non-instrumentation technique including blue light irradiation for root canal cleaning. Extracted human single rooted teeth were selected. Nine different groups included distilled water, NaOCl, intra-canal heated NaOCl, and NaOCl + EDTA irrigation after either instrumentation or non-instrumentation, and a laser application group following non-instrumentation technique. The chemical assessment of the root canal dentine was evaluated using EDS and FT-IR. Surface microstructural analyses were performed by using SEM. The antimicrobial efficacy of different preparation techniques was evaluated using microbial tests. Laser application didnât change the Ca/P, carbonate/phosphate and amide I/phosphate ratios of the root canal dentin the root canal dentin preserved its original form after light application. The instrumentation decreased the carbonate/phosphate and amide I/phosphate ratios of the root canal dentin regardless of the irrigation solution or technique (p < 0.05). According to the microbiological tests, the light application could not provide antibacterial efficacy as much as NaOCl irrigation. The NaOCl irrigation both in the non-instrumentation and instrumentation groups significantly reduced the number of bacteria (p < 0,05). Minimally invasive root canal preparation techniques where the root canal is not instrumented and is disinfected by laser irradiation followed by obturation with a hydraulic cement sealer may be an attractive treatment option for management of vital teeth needing root canal therapy and does not have any detrimental effects on the chemical structure of dentin
Relativistic quantum theories and neutrino oscillations
Neutrino oscillations are examined under the broad requirements of
Poincar\'e-invariant scattering theory in an S-matrix formulation.
This approach can be consistently applied to theories with either field or
particle degrees of freedom. The goal of this paper is to use this general
framework to identify all of the unique physical properties of this problem
that lead to a simple oscillation formula. We discuss what is in principle
observable, and how many factors that are important in principle end up being
negligible in practice.Comment: 21 pages, no figure
Redeployment and training of healthcare professionals to Intensive Care during COVID-19: a systematic review
Background: A rapid influx of patients to intensive care and infection control measures during the COVID-19 pandemic required the rapid development of innovative redeployment and training strategies. / Methods: We conducted a systematic search of 9 databases including key terms related to intensive care AND training AND redeployment AND healthcare workers. Analysis consisted of a narrative synthesis of quantitative study outputs, and a framework-based thematic analysis of qualitative study outputs and grey literature. These results were then combined applying an interpretative synthesis. / Results: Twenty papers were analysed. These took place primarily in the UK (N=8, 40%) and USA (N=5, 25%). Themes included in the results are Redeployment: Implementation strategies and learnings; Redeployed staff experience and strategies to address their needs; Redeployed staff learning needs; Training formats offered and training evaluations; and Future redeployment and training concerns. Some of the redeployment implementation and training strategies documented in this review are: Skills-based redeployment, buddy support systems, and agreeing on locally-specific principles, rather than strict procedures. / Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic presented unique challenges to deliver training promptly while following infection control recommendations and develop flexible redeployment strategies. This study synthesises original approaches to tackle these challenges which are relevant to inform the development of targeted and adaptative training and redeployment plans
Qalb taâ Tifel
Ä abra taâ poeĆŒiji u proĆŒa li tinkludi: Lil Malta taâ Dun Karm â Fuq il-Fruntiera taâ Dun Karm â Jum li jibqaâ jissemma taâ Ä uĆŒĂš Chetcuti â Xbihet Malta taâ Arthur V. Vassallo â Għanja taâ Mħabba taâ Ä uĆŒĂš Chetcuti â Ć»ewÄĄ PoeĆŒijiet tal-kittieb Malti Antonio Calleja taâ A. C. â Twettiqa taâ Calleja â Lil ÄŠabib Għeluq Sninu taâ Calleja â Taħt is-Salib taâ R. M. B. â Lil Dun Karm taâ Fran. Camilleri â Frak mill-weraq taâ Byron taâ A. C. â Irrid Immur Taâ Xbiex taâ Fran. Camilleri â Il-Cottonera fil-ÄŠamrun taâ N. Biancardi â Qalb taâ Tifel taâ R. M. B.N/
Gandlieri taâ l-Isqof
Ä abra taâ poeĆŒiji u proĆŒa li tinkludi: Ć»ewÄĄ Qronfliet taâ Dun Karm â Ä ustizzja Bla Qorti taâ Ä uĆŒĂš Galea â It-Tigra u l-ÄŠamiema taâ A. Buttigieg â Ä ewwa l-Presepju taâ R. M. B. â Salvu Jsir Missier taâ Vic. Apap â Madlien taâ K. G. M. F. â Imbierek il-Mulej! taâ Pran. Camilleri â Il-Gandlieri taâ l-Isqof taâ V. Hugo u maqlub għall-Malti minn G. Z. A.N/
The influence of irrigant activation, concentration and contact time on sodium hypochlorite penetration into root dentine: an ex vivo experiment
Aim
To establish if irrigant activation techniques, namely manualâdynamicâactivation (MDA), passiveâultrasonicâirrigation (PUI) and sonicâirrigation (SI), improve the tubular penetration of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) into root dentine when compared with conventionalâneedleâirrigation (CNI). Secondly, investigate if increasing NaOCl concentration and/or contactâtime improves the performance of these techniques.
Methodology
A total of 83 extracted human maxillary permanent canines were decoronated to 15 mm and root canals prepared to a size 40,.10 taper. Root dentine was stained with crystal violet for 72 h and embedded in silicone. Eighty specimens were randomly distributed into 16 groups (n = 5) according to the irrigant activation technique, NaOCl concentration (2%; 5.25%) and irrigant contactâtime (10 min; 20 min). All activation techniques were used for 60 s in the last minute of irrigation. Additionally, 3 teeth were not exposed to NaOCl to confirm adequate dentine staining had occurred (i.e. negative control). All specimens were subsequently dissected, observed under a light microscope and NaOCl penetration depth (”m) determined by measuring the average width of bleached dentine using ImageJ software. Statistical comparisons were made with paired and unpaired tâtests, ANOVAs followed by postâhoc Tukey and Dunnettâs tests, and a general linear model (α < 0.05).
Results
Overall, NaOCl penetration ranged from 38.8 ”m â 411.0 ”m with MDA, PUI and SI consistently resulting in significantly greater tubular infiltration than CNI (P < 0.05). The deepest measurements in the coronal, middle and apical segments were all recorded in the MDA; 5.25%; 20 min group and the least in the CNI; 2%; 10 min group. Increasing either irrigant concentration or contactâtime resulted in significantly greater NaOCl penetration depths for all techniques and segments of the canal (P < 0.05). However, when irrigant concentration and contactâtime were increased together, a significant interaction effect between these two independent variables was observed on overall NaOCl penetration (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
Agitating irrigants with MDA, PUI or SI, as well as using greater irrigant concentrations or contactâtimes, potentiated NaOCl penetration into root dentine. However, longer durations of NaOCl exposure at lower concentrations resulted in similar depths of tubular penetration as those achieved at higher concentrations
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