1.0 v-0.18 µm CMOS tunable low pass filters with 73 db dr for on-chip sensing acquisition systems

This paper presents a new approach based on the use of a Current Steering (CS) technique for the design of fully integrated Gm–C Low Pass Filters (LPF) with sub-Hz to kHz tunable cut-off frequencies and an enhanced power-area-dynamic range trade-off. The proposed approach has been experimentally validated by two different first-order single-ended LPFs designed in a 0.18 µm CMOS technology powered by a 1.0 V single supply: a folded-OTA based LPF and a mirrored-OTA based LPF. The first one exhibits a constant power consumption of 180 nW at 100 nA bias current with an active area of 0.00135 mm2 and a tunable cutoff frequency that spans over 4 orders of magnitude (~100 mHz–152 Hz @ CL = 50 pF) preserving dynamic figures greater than 78 dB. The second one exhibits a power consumption of 1.75 µW at 500 nA with an active area of 0.0137 mm2 and a tunable cutoff frequency that spans over 5 orders of magnitude (~80 mHz–~1.2 kHz @ CL = 50 pF) preserving a dynamic range greater than 73 dB. Compared with previously reported filters, this proposal is a competitive solution while satisfying the low-voltage low-power on-chip constraints, becoming a preferable choice for general-purpose reconfigurable front-end sensor interfaces

A Low-quiescent Current Full on-chip 1.2 V CMOS Low Drop-Out Regulator

This paper presents a fully-integrated low-power 0.18 µm CMOS Low-Dropout (LDO) regulator for battery operated portable devices. It provides an accurate 1.2 V output voltage from 3.3 V to 1.3 V input voltages up with only 5.9 µA quiescent current, including an all-MOS 0.4 V reference voltage

A Low Pass Filter With sub-Hz Cutoff Frequencies for a Portable On-Chip Lock-in Microinstrument

This paper presents a first-order single-ended fully-integrated Low Pass Filter (LPF) tunable from 114 mHz to 2.5 kHz, designed to conform the output stage of a portable lock-in amplifier requiring fc = 0.5 Hz, 5 Hz cutoff frequencies. It achieves the two target fc over a -40 to 120 °C range with a power consumption of 2.7 μW at 1.8 V supply, compact size and dynamic range above 80 dB.Este artículo presenta un filtro pasa baja (LPF) completamente integrado de primer orden programable de 114 mHz a 2.5 kHz, diseñado para formar parte de la etapa de salida de un Amplificador Lock-In portátil que requiere frecuencias de corte fc = 0.5, 5 Hz . Alcanza las dos frecuencias de corte objetivo en un rango de -40 a 120 °C con un consumo de energía de 2.7 μW, una tensión de alimentación de 1.8 V, un tamaño compacto y un rango dinámico por encima de los 80 dB

A CMOS low pass filter for soc lock-in-based measurement devices

This paper presents a fully integrated Gm–C low pass ¿lter (LPF) based on a current ¿steering Gm reduction-tuning technique, specifically designed to operate as the output stage of a SoC lock-in amplifier. To validate this proposal, a first-order and a second-order single-ended topology were integrated into a 1.8 V to 0.18 µm CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) process, showing experimentally a tuneable cutoff frequency that spanned five orders of magnitude, from tens of mHz to kHz, with a constant current consumption (below 3 µA/pole), compact size (<0.0140 mm2 /pole), and a dynamic range better than 70 dB. Compared to state-of-the-art solutions, the proposed approach exhibited very competitive performances while simultaneously fully satisfying the demanding requirements of on-chip portable measurement systems in terms of highly efficient area and power. This is of special relevance, taking into account the current trend towards multichannel instruments to process sensor arrays, as the total area and power consumption will be proportional to the number of channels

Desarrollo de una aplicación web y despliegue automatizado en la nube usando un clúster de contenedores

[Resumen] El proyecto realizado en este Trabajo de Fin de Grado (TFG) se puede dividir en dos partes principales. Por un lado, el diseño e implementación de la aplicación Web “Opinews”. Esta aplicación se puede considerar una fusión entre periódico y foro, permitiendo a los usuarios de la misma leer las noticias actuales y opinar e interactuar entre ellos gracias a un sistema de comentarios. Por otra parte, se realiza el despliegue de la aplicación en un clúster Kubernetes alojado en la nube pública, Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (EKS) en este caso, a través del uso de herramientas que siguen el paradigma Infrastructure as Code (IaC). Estas herramientas nos permiten aprovisionar todos los recursos de infraestructura necesarios para el despliegue de la aplicación Web mediante código fuente de una manera automatizada y simple. Además, se pondrá especial enfásis en el fácil mantenimiento y escalado de la aplicación.[Abstract] The work done in this Bachelor of Science (BSc) Thesis can be divided into two main parts. On the one hand, the design and implementation of the Web application “Opinews”. This application can be considered a fusion between a newspaper and a forum, allowing its users to read current news, give their opinions and interact with each other thanks to a comment system. On the other hand, the application is deployed in a Kubernetes cluster hosted in the public cloud, Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (EKS) in this case, by using tools that follow the Infrastructure as Code (IaC) paradigm. These tools allow us to provision all the infrastructure resources that are needed for the deployment of the Web application through source code in an automated and simple way. Furthermore, special emphasis will be placed on the easy maintenance and scaling of the application.Traballo fin de grao. Enxeñaría Informática. Curso 2020/202

A compact energy harvesting system for outdoor wireless sensor nodes based on a low-cost in situ photovoltaic panel characterization-modelling unit

This paper presents a low-cost high-efficiency solar energy harvesting system to power outdoor wireless sensor nodes. It is based on a Voltage Open Circuit (VOC) algorithm that estimates the open-circuit voltage by means of a multilayer perceptron neural network model trained using local experimental characterization data, which are acquired through a novel low cost characterization system incorporated into the deployed node. Both units—characterization and modelling—are controlled by the same low-cost microcontroller, providing a complete solution which can be understood as a virtual pilot cell, with identical characteristics to those of the specific small solar cell installed on the sensor node, that besides allows an easy adaptation to changes in the actual environmental conditions, panel aging, etc. Experimental comparison to a classical pilot panel based VOC algorithm show better efficiency under the same tested conditions

Application of Public Private Partnerships to the Spanish Airport System

The current deficit situation of the Spanish airport system suggests the need to manage this in a more efficient and profitable way. One of the possible options is through private management and being able to do this through Public Private Partnerships (PPP). This study analyzes the situation of the sector and its economic importance and the different possibilities for introducing private management in a public company, specifying the situation in the case of airports, presenting the advantages and disadvantages of these possibilities, and aiming at results obtained in other places where it has been applied. It is proposed that the ideal model for the introduction of private management would be through PPP models tailored to each airport, but having common characteristics according to the group they belong to. Finally, we observe that not all airports are commercially attractive, so that the PPP concept does not apply to all of them. In some cases even the operability itself is not viable at all, and that should be considered separately in order to avoid creating a private monopoly while trying to enhance competition among them

Hertz-Resolution Analog Quadrature Sine Oscillator. Application to Portable Lock-In Amplifiers

This paper presents the implementation of an analog quadrature sine oscillator capable of generating variable frequency quadrature signals, ranging from 1-100 kHz with less than 2 Hz resolution and a peak-to-peak voltage of 3 V operating at a 3.3 V single supply, to be utilized in high performance portable instrumentation

A Digitally Programmable Analog Quadrature Sine Oscillator for on-chip Lock-In Measurement Systems

This paper presents a CMOS 1.8V-180nm analog quadrature sine oscillator. Thanks to a custom 12-bit bidirectional DAC-based architecture, the frequency can be digitally programmed over two decades with high accuracy, making it suitable as the actuation system in low-cost high-performance embedded lock-in measurement systems