Spatiotemporal switching signals for cancer stem cell activation in pediatric origins of adulthood cancer: Towards a watch-and-wait lifetime strategy for cancer treatment.

Pediatric origin of cancer stem cell hypothesis holds great promise and potential in adult cancer treatment, however; the road to innovation is full of obstacles as there are plenty of questions left unanswered. First, the key question is to characterize the nature of such stem cells (concept). Second, the quantitative imaging of pediatric stem cells should be implemented (technology). Conceptually, pediatric stem cell origins of adult cancer are based on the notion that plasticity in early life developmental programming evolves local environments to cancer. Technologically, such imaging in children is lacking as all imaging is designed for adult patients. We postulate that the need for quantitative imaging to measure space-time changes of plasticity in early life developmental programming in children may trigger research and development of the imaging technology. Such quantitative imaging of pediatric origin of adulthood cancer will help develop a spatiotemporal monitoring system to determine cancer initiation and progression. Clinical validation of such speculative hypothesis-that cancer originates in a pediatric environment-will help implement a wait-and-watch strategy for cancer treatment

Reflection Spectra as a Basis for Studying Extraterrestrial Life Semiannual Report, May 1 - Oct. 31, 1966

Planetary reflection spectroscopy for studying extraterrestrial lif

To fail is human: remediating remediation in medical education.

IntroductionRemediating failing medical learners has traditionally been a craft activity responding to individual learner and remediator circumstances. Although there have been moves towards more systematic approaches to remediation (at least at the institutional level), these changes have tended to focus on due process and defensibility rather than on educational principles. As remediation practice evolves, there is a growing need for common theoretical and systems-based perspectives to guide this work.MethodsThis paper steps back from the practicalities of remediation practice to take a critical systems perspective on remediation in contemporary medical education. In doing so, the authors acknowledge the complex interactions between institutional, professional, and societal forces that are both facilitators of and barriers to effective remediation practices.ResultsThe authors propose a model that situates remediation within the contexts of society as a whole, the medical profession, and medical education institutions. They also outline a number of recommendations to constructively align remediation principles and practices, support a continuum of remediation practices, destigmatize remediation, and develop institutional communities of practice in remediation.DiscussionMedical educators must embrace a responsible and accountable systems-level approach to remediation if they are to meet their obligations to provide a safe and effective physician workforce

Heating and cooling a tri-level house with a hydronic baseboard-valance system

Cover title.Prepared as part of an investigation conducted by the Engineering Experiment Station, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Effects of Environmental Pollution on Ecological Systems

Talk by Calvin H. War

Scattering states and wave operators in the abstract theory of scattering

AbstractThe abstract theory of scattering deals with pairs of self-adjoint operators Hj acting on Hilbert spaces Hj, j = 1, 2, and the corresponding unitary groups Uj(t) = exp(−itHj), t ϵ R. Most of the existing theories are concerned with finding criteria for the existence and completeness of the generalized wave operators, defined by W±=s-limt→±∞U2(−t)KU1(t)P1ac where K: H1 → H2 is a linear bijection and P1ac is the orthogonal projection of H1 onto the subspace H1ac of absolute continuity for H1. The theory can be applied to physical problems only if H1ac can be shown to coincide with the subspace of scattering states for U1(t). This paper presents a new abstract definition of the scattering states, based directly on the physical meaning of scattering, and develops a corresponding abstract theory of wave operators. The applicability of the theory is demonstrated for a class of wave propagation problems of classical physics

A Conceptual Framework for Capital Gain

Qualification for preferential tax rates on capital gain is “fuzzy at best and incoherent at worst.” The primary governing statute provides that sale or exchange of “property” yields capital gain, with only narrow exceptions. Under traditional understanding, however, capital gain does not include income, including rent, interest, compensation, and periodic business income, even though such income is received on the sale of something reasonably considered to be “property” in nontax contexts. A conceptual framework is needed that brings both courts and congressional rules into consistency and produces principled results; this Article presents such a framework. The proposed framework assumes that the capital gain preference will remain. It draws its principles from the wisdom of current law but then criticizes some judicial and congressional results as anomalies inconsistent with those principles. The framework is organized into five strings, with each string representing a separate rationale. The Article then briefly explores three situations where there would no room for a capital gains preference: under a consumption tax, under a mark-to-market system, and under repeal of step up in basis at death