Cirurgia Bariátrica: Caderno Educativo para Pacientes em tratamento da Obesidade Grave

E-bookEstudo de técnicas cirúrgica

ANALYSIS OF A WETLAND SYSTEM IN THE POST-TREATMENT OF WASTEWATER

The study was based on a surface flow wetland system, using the macrophyte Eicchornia crassipes. The use of wetlands as an alternative in the wastewater treatment process has been employed due to the handling and simple technology, addition to the low cost compared to conventional systems. Three hydraulic retention times, they are 4, 6 and 8 days were analyzed. In general the system showed significant results in relation to removals of nutrients for all TRH reviews, where the hydraulic retention time of 6 days achieved the best performance. The proposed system achieved 79.91% reductions for COD, 83.51% of Total Phosphorus, Total Nitrogen 67.93%, 87.7% chromium and 52% Sulfur

NOVO REGISTRO DE Monodelphis americana (Müller, 1776) (DIDELPHIMORPHIA, DIDELPHINAE) PARA A ESTAÇÃO ECOLÓGICA JURÉIA-ITATINS, PERUÍBE, SP

O marsupial Monodelphis americana (Müller, 1776) (Didelphimorphia, Didelphinae) é um animal nativo e endêmico do Brasil, que ocorre em alguns estados das regiões Norte e Centro-Oeste, e em todos os estados do Nordeste e Sudeste, nos domínios fitogeográficos da Caatinga, Cerrado e Mata Atlântica. Porém, informações sobre seus hábitos ou ecologia de suas populações são escassas. Apresentamos no presente trabalho um novo registro da espécie para a Estação Ecológica Juréia-Itatins - EEJI (24°21'17.61"S e 47°00'25.37"W), na Serra do Guaraú, município de Peruíbe, estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Tal registro, além de evidenciar a rica biodiversidade da EEJI, mostra também que ela ainda não foi totalmente desvendada e revela seu potencial para desenvolvimento de projetos relacionados ao inventário e ecologia de pequenos mamíferos, sobretudo do gênero Monodelphis

Efficiency of essential oils to control Colletotrichum theobromicola in vitro

Essential oils promote the inhibitory control of several fungi, including those within the genus Colletotrichum, the causal agent of Anthracnose, a disease which may occur at any stage of development in various crops, reducing up to 70% of crop production in some cases. Thus, the use of alternative products constitutes an important strategy for the integrated management, promoting less persistent molecules in the environment and lower toxicity rates, providing health benefits to producers and consumers of agricultural products. In this context, the present study evaluated the in vitro fungitoxic effect of essential oils from Java citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus), clove (Syzygium aromaticum), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) and rose pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius) on the mycelial growth of Colletotrichum theobromicola. The experiment was performed under completely randomized design, in a 4x5 factorial scheme (4 essential oils x 5 concentrations), with five replications, and the experimental unit consisting of a Petri dish. The treatments were generated by combining the concentrations (0, 5, 10, 15, 25 and 50 μL mL-1) of essential oils (citronella, clove, eucalyptus and rose pepper). The plates were inoculated with the pathogen C. theobromicola and incubated for seven days at 25 ± 2 °C. To verify the difference between treatments, the percentage of mycelial growth inhibition (PGI) was estimated. The mycelial growth of C. theobromicola was significantly reduced with increasing concentrations of essential oils. At a concentration of 50 μL mL-1, the essential oil from S. terebinthifolius showed the best result inhibiting 54.57% of mycelial growth, followed by the oil from S. aromaticum (49.26%), C. winterianus (23.70%) and E. globulus (17.90%). All the studied oils showed antifungal activity

Análise da percepção dos diabéticos tipo 2 sobre a doença e o tratamento

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in the secretion and /or insulin action. Diabetics need to develop certain skills to deal with the symptoms of the disease and limitations. Therefore, interpretations individuals give to their health part of the series of views, values and experience. Objective: To examine the perception of type 2 diabetes about the disease and treatment. Methods: A descriptive study of 30 individuals with Type 2 Diabetes participants of Program Supervised Exercise for Diabetics, using a questionnaire adapted6. Data were tabulated using the measure of relative and absolute frequency. Results: Only 23.3% of diabetics know what diabetes is, 53% not identify hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, 67% cannot explain the chronic complications. Conclusion: It concluded that the findings of this study showed an unsatisfactory level of perception and there is a significant gap between the disease and the understanding of diabetics with it.Introdução: Diabetes Mellitus é um grupo de doenças metabólicas, caracterizado por hiperglicemia resultante de defeitos na secreção e/ou na ação da insulina. O diabético precisa desenvolver determinadas competências para lidar com os sintomas e limitações da doença. Desta forma, interpretações que os sujeitos dão à saúde fazem parte da série de concepções, valores e experiências. Objetivo: analisar o conhecimento dos diabéticos tipo 2 sobre a doença e o tratamento. Métodos: estudo descritivo realizado com 30 pessoas com Diabetes tipo 2 participantes do Programa de Exercício Físico Supervisionado para Diabéticos, utilizando um questionário adaptado. Os dados foram tabulados utilizando-se a medida de frequência relativa e absoluta. Resultados: apenas 23,3% dos diabéticos sabem o que é diabetes, 53% não sabem identificar estado de hiperglicemia e hipoglicemia, 67% não sabem explicar as complicações crônicas. Conclusão: verificou-se que o nível de conhecimento foi insatisfatório, visto que existem falhas nos hábitos alimentares, educação sobre a doença e seus cuidados e exercício físico

Correlation between functional mobility, balance and risk of falls in elderly patients with Parkinson's disease

OBJECTIVE: The present study has as objective evaluates the balance, the trunk mobility and the risk of falls in patients with Parkinson's disease. METHODS: They were appraised six senior of both sexes with age same or larger than 60 years bearers of the Parkinson's disease. The research used an evaluation record for collection of the data of the history, a scale for evaluation of the corporal balance (scale of Berg), other scale (Downton) to evaluate fall risk and the test of functional reach to measure the mobility of the trunk and static balance. The statistical analysis used was the Pearson's test correlation with level of significance of 5% and 1%. RESULTS:: There is a correlation between the corporal balance and the risk of falls with r -0,8083, the correlation between the age and the risk of falls with r -0,7394, there is no correlation between the functional reach and the risk of falls with r -0,3593 and the time of lesion with risk of falls with r equal the -0,2292. CONCLUSION: The decrease of the static balance is directly related with the largest risk of falls and that the test of functional reach doesn't allow to predict on the risk of falls among the studied population.</p

Acesso da agricultura familiar ao crédito e à assistência técnica no Brasil

Rural credit and technical assistance are important agricultural policies adopted in Brazil, where family farming comprises 80% of the Brazilian farmers. However, how have the potentially classified persons as family farmers (PPCAF in Portuguese) in Brazil been granted with credit and technical assistance (TA)? This work analyzes these issues based on 2014 PNAD´s microdata. After organizing the data in tables and run logit model, the following unfolded: (1st) Northeastern Brazilian citizens are predominant among the PPCAF, but not among the ones granted with Pronaf and TA; (2nd) higher household income and formal schooling are linked to larger access to Pronaf and TA; (3rd) the Northeastern and Northern PPCAF make greater use of public-provided TA, while the Southern and Midwestern PPCAF make more use of private-provided TA; (4th) the logit models indicate that men, with lower schooling levels, and the Northeastern inhabitants are less likely to have access to TA than their opponents. There are personal and regional differences concerning the access to TA, which is necessary to be better addressed by economic policies

Efficiency of essential oils to control Colletotrichum theobromicola in vitro

Essential oils promote the inhibitory control of several fungi, including those within the genus Colletotrichum, the causal agent of Anthracnose, a disease which may occur at any stage of development in various crops, reducing up to 70% of crop production in some cases. Thus, the use of alternative products constitutes an important strategy for the integrated management, promoting less persistent molecules in the environment and lower toxicity rates, providing health benefits to producers and consumers of agricultural products. In this context, the present study evaluated the in vitro fungitoxic effect of essential oils from Java citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus), clove (Syzygium aromaticum), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) and rose pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius) on the mycelial growth of Colletotrichum theobromicola. The experiment was performed under completely randomized design, in a 4x5 factorial scheme (4 essential oils x 5 concentrations), with five replications, and the experimental unit consisting of a Petri dish. The treatments were generated by combining the concentrations (0, 5, 10, 15, 25 and 50 μL mL-1) of essential oils (citronella, clove, eucalyptus and rose pepper). The plates were inoculated with the pathogen C. theobromicola and incubated for seven days at 25 ± 2 °C. To verify the difference between treatments, the percentage of mycelial growth inhibition (PGI) was estimated. The mycelial growth of C. theobromicola was significantly reduced with increasing concentrations of essential oils. At a concentration of 50 μL mL-1, the essential oil from S. terebinthifolius showed the best result inhibiting 54.57% of mycelial growth, followed by the oil from S. aromaticum (49.26%), C. winterianus (23.70%) and E. globulus (17.90%). All the studied oils showed antifungal activity