Secreción hormonal en el sueño : una perspectiva de aplicación

Tesis Universidad Complutense.Fac. de MedicinaTRUEProQuestpu

Secreción hormonal en el sueño : una perspectiva de aplicación

Tesis Universidad Complutense.Fac. de MedicinaTRUEProQuestpu

Using several monitoring techniques to measure the rock mass deformation in the Montserrat Massif

Montserrat Mountain is located near Barcelona in Catalonia, at the north-east corner of Spain, and its massif is formed by conglomerate interleaved by siltstone/sandstone with steep slopes very prone to rock falls. The increasing visitor's number in the monastery area, reaching 2.4 million per year, has pointed out the risk derived from rock falls for this building area and also for the terrestrial accesses, both roads and rack railway. A risk mitigation plan is currently been applied for 2014-2016 that contains monitoring testing and implementation as a key point. The preliminary results of the pilot tests carried out during 2014 are presented, also profiting from previous sparse experiences and data, and combining 4 monitoring techniques under different conditions of continuity in space and time domains, which are: displacement monitoring with Ground-based Synthetic Aperture Radar and characterization at slope scale, with an extremely non uniform atmospheric phase screen because of the stepped topography and atmosphere stratification; Terrestrial Laser Scanner surveys quantifying frequency for unnoticed activity of small rock falls, and monitoring rock block displacements over 1cm; monitoring of rock joints with a wireless net of sensors; and tentative surveying for singular rocky needles with Total Station

Impact of the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism within and beyond the retrosplenial cortex in females with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A magnetoencephalography study

Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) can be influenced by genetic risk factors. The Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor Val66Met polymorphism is one of them. This mutation may affect the brain functional connectivity (FC), especially for those carriers of the Met allele (A). The retrosplenial cortex (RSC), essential component of the Default Mode Network (DMN), could be altered by this polymorphism. Our aim was to examine the influence of the Val66Met polymorphism within the RSC?s functional network, and its interconnections between the frontal medial cortex (FMC) and the anterior cingulate (ACC)

Cognitive reserve benefits brain efficiency in healthy aging

The concept of cognitive reserve (CR) describes the mind’s resistance to the progressive damage of the brain and probably this can be reflected as the ability to recruit brain networks in an effective way. It is as- sociated with the abilityto copewith the deleterious effects of brain damage,brain degeneration, or age-related changes on cognitive performance

Mild cognitive impairment subtypes: An MEG study

Previous studies of the dementia continuum have characterized the early disruption of the brain oscillatory activity at the stage of Mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Reduction in power in posterior regions in the alpha band has been one of the landmarks of the Alzheimer Disease accompanied by the anteriorization of the theta band power. However, little is known about the neurophysiological differences between single and multidomain MCI patients.Our goal is to study the differences in oscillatory magnetic activity between amnestic single and multidomain MCI. This will allow us to test whether the effect of the impairment in a single cognitive domain or in a more widespread functional impairment can be reflected in specific neurophysiological profiles

Resting state functional connectivity patterns associated with ApoE genotype. A MEG study in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)

Alteration of brain communication due to abnormal patterns of synchronization is nowadays one of the most suitable mechanisms for having a better understanding of brain pathologies. Very recently, it has been proved that abnormal changes in both local and long range functional interactions underlie the cognitive deficits associated with different brain disorders. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a state characterized for cognitive dysfunction, such as the memory. The study of the spatial and dynamic alterations in MCI subjects' functional networks could provide important evidences of the brain mechanisms responsible for such impairment

Decreased endocannabinoid levels in the brain and beneficial effects of agents activating cannabinoid and/or vanilloid receptors in a rat model of multiple sclerosis

Recent studies have addressed the changes in endocannabinoid ligands and receptors that occur in multiple sclerosis, as a way to explain the efficacy of cannabinoid compounds to alleviate spasticity, pain, tremor, and other signs of this autoimmune disease. Using Lewis rats with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis, we recently found a decrease in cannabinoid CB1 receptors mainly circumscribed to the basal ganglia, which could be related to the motor disturbances characteristic of these rats. In the present study, using the same model, we explored the potential changes in several neurotransmitters in the basal ganglia that might be associated with the motor disturbances described in these rats, but we only found a small increase in glutamate contents in the globus pallidus. We also examined whether the motor disturbances and the changes of CB1 receptors found in the basal ganglia of EAE rats disappear after the treatment with rolipram, an inhibitor of type IV phosphodiesterase able to supress EAE in different species. Rolipram attenuated clinical decline, reduced motor inhibition, and normalized CB1 receptor gene expression in the basal ganglia. As a third objective, we examined whether EAE rats also exhibited changes in endocannabinoid levels as shown for CB1 receptors. Anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol levels decreased in motor related regions (striatum, midbrain) but also in other brain regions, although the pattern of changes for each endocannabinoid was different. Finally, we hypothesized that the elevation of the endocannabinoid activity, following inhibition of endocannabinoid uptake, might be beneficial in EAE rats. AM404, arvanil, and OMDM2 were effective to reduce the magnitude of the neurological impairment in EAE rats, whereas VDM11 did not produce any effect. The beneficial effects of AM404 were reversed by blocking TRPV1 receptors with capsazepine, but not by blocking CB1 receptors with SR141716, thus indicating the involvement of endovanilloid mechanisms in these effects. However, a role for CB1 receptors is supported by additional data showing that CP55,940 delayed EAE progression. In summary, our data suggest that reduction of endocannabinoid signaling is associated with the development of EAE in rats. We have also proved that the reduction of CB1 receptors observed in these rats is corrected following treatment with a compound used in EAE such as rolipram. In addition, the direct or indirect activation of vanilloid or cannabinoid receptors may reduce the neurological impairment experienced by EAE rats, although the efficacy of the different compounds examined seems to be determined by their particular pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic characteristics.This work has been supported by grants from FIS (01/0048-02) and “Fundación Salud 2000” to AGM, MCYT (SAF2003-08269), and Red CIEN (C03/06) to JFR, and MURST (39333) and FISM to VDM. Ana Cabranes and Eva de Lago are predoctoral fellows supported by the Complutense University and “Comunidad de Madrid” (Madrid, Spain), respectively.Peer reviewe

Using several monitoring techniques to measure the rock mass deformation in the Montserrat Massif

Montserrat Mountain is located near Barcelona in Catalonia, at the north-east cornerof Spain, and its massif is formed by conglomerate interleaved by siltstone/sandstone withsteep slopes very prone to rock falls. The increasing visitor’s number in the monastery area,reaching 2.4 million per year, has pointed out the risk derived from rock falls for this buildingarea and also for the terrestrial accesses, both roads and rack railway. A risk mitigation plan iscurrently been applied for 2014-2016 that contains monitoring testing and implementation as akey point. The preliminary results of the pilot tests carried out during 2014 are presented, alsoprofiting from previous sparse experiences and data, and combining 4 monitoring techniquesunder different conditions of continuity in space and time domains, which are: displacementmonitoring with Ground-based Synthetic Aperture Radar and characterization at slope scale,with an extremely non uniform atmospheric phase screen because of the stepped topographyand atmosphere stratification; Terrestrial Laser Scanner surveys quantifying frequency forunnoticed activity of small rock falls, and monitoring rock block displacements over 1cm;monitoring of rock joints with a wireless net of sensors; and tentative surveying for singularrocky needles with Total Station.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version