La conservación de los suelos en la subcuenca hidrográfica Santa Cruz.

La investigación se realiza en la subcuenca hidrográfica Santa Cruz perteneciente a la cuenca Máximo, estando ubicada al noreste de la ciudad de Camagüey, ocupando una superficie de 8 460.80 ha, habiéndose  caracterizado los factores ambientales (agua, clima, vegetación, suelo, etc.) los cuales permitieron detectar la problemática ambiental del área estudiada, entre ellos la deforestación, el manejo inadecuado de los suelos, la incidencia de la sequía, la pérdida de la biodiversidad, también el factor antropogénico es evidente en la subcuenca ,por todo lo antes expuesto se detectan suelos con procesos erosivos y en algunos lugares la existencia de cárcavas principalmente pequeñas asociadas a las corrientes superficiales; por consiguiente, se establecieron áreas demostrativas para la aplicación de un conjunto de medidas conservacionistas para atenuar la degradación de los suelos validándose los resultados con el incremento de los rendimientos agrícolas en el cultivo del plátano y el boniato en más de un 10 %, lográndose una ganancia de 2 186.60 $/ha y 1 166.23$/ha respectivamente, para mitigar la degradación de la subcuenca se propone un conjunto de medidas a corto, mediano y largo plazo  permitirá paulatinamente la recuperación ambiental del territorio estudiado

Alteraciones histopatológicas en hámster inoculados con cepas leptospirales patógenas, recién aisladas por hemocultivos humanos

Con el objetivo de demostrar alteraciones histológicas en diferentes órganos, fueron inoculados nueve hámsters de mas de 60 g. De masa por vía intraperitoneal, utilizando una carga infectiva de 0,5 ml de cepas virulentas de leptospiras. Se formaron cuatro grupos de tres animales cada uno, recibiendo cada grupo el inoculo con las cepas 4, 17, 22 y 43 pertenecientes a los serogrupos Ballum, Autumnalis y Australis respectivamente. Los animales fueron sacrificados a los tres meses de inoculados, procediéndose de inmediato a la extirpación de hígado, riñón, corazón y diafragma. Las muestras obtenidas de cada órgano fueron fijadas en formol al 10 % y procesadas siguiendo la técnica de H y E para su observación al microscopio de luz. En el examen histológico de los tejidos se encontraron como principales alteraciones, necrosis del hepatocito, infiltrado inflamatorio en el hígado y riñón y signos de nefritis. DeCS: HÁMSTERS/ histopatología, CULTIVO DE VIRUS. ABSTRACT In order to demonstrate histologic alterations in different organs, nine hamsters having more than 60 g. of mass were inoculated via intraperitoneal using a non _ effective charge of 0,5 ml of virulent strains of leptospira. Four groups of three animals were formed, each group received the inoculation with strains 4, 17, 22 and 43 belonging to serogroups Ballum, Bataviae, Autumnalis and Australis respectively. The animals were killed three months after inoculation, extirpation of liver, kidney, heart and diaphragm was immediately made. Samples obtained of each organ were fixed in formol 10 % and processed following H and E technique for its observation at light microscope. At the histologic examination of tissues the main alterations were necrosis of hepatocite, inflammatory infiltrate of liver and kidney and nephritis signs. DeCS: HÁMSTERS/ histopathology, VIRUS CULTIVATION

Alteraciones histopatológicas en hámster inoculados con cepas leptospirales patógenas, recién aisladas por hemocultivos humanos

Con el objetivo de demostrar alteraciones histológicas en diferentes órganos, fueron inoculados nueve hámsters de mas de 60 g. De masa por vía intraperitoneal, utilizando una carga infectiva de 0,5 ml de cepas virulentas de leptospiras. Se formaron cuatro grupos de tres animales cada uno, recibiendo cada grupo el inoculo con las cepas 4, 17, 22 y 43 pertenecientes a los serogrupos Ballum, Autumnalis y Australis respectivamente. Los animales fueron sacrificados a los tres meses de inoculados, procediéndose de inmediato a la extirpación de hígado, riñón, corazón y diafragma. Las muestras obtenidas de cada órgano fueron fijadas en formol al 10 % y procesadas siguiendo la técnica de H y E para su observación al microscopio de luz. En el examen histológico de los tejidos se encontraron como principales alteraciones, necrosis del hepatocito, infiltrado inflamatorio en el hígado y riñón y signos de nefritis. DeCS: HÁMSTERS/ histopatología, CULTIVO DE VIRUS. ABSTRACT In order to demonstrate histologic alterations in different organs, nine hamsters having more than 60 g. of mass were inoculated via intraperitoneal using a non _ effective charge of 0,5 ml of virulent strains of leptospira. Four groups of three animals were formed, each group received the inoculation with strains 4, 17, 22 and 43 belonging to serogroups Ballum, Bataviae, Autumnalis and Australis respectively. The animals were killed three months after inoculation, extirpation of liver, kidney, heart and diaphragm was immediately made. Samples obtained of each organ were fixed in formol 10 % and processed following H and E technique for its observation at light microscope. At the histologic examination of tissues the main alterations were necrosis of hepatocite, inflammatory infiltrate of liver and kidney and nephritis signs. DeCS: HÁMSTERS/ histopathology, VIRUS CULTIVATION

Comparative effectiveness and safety of non-vitamin K antagonists for atrial fibrillation in clinical practice: GLORIA-AF Registry

Background and purpose: Prospectively collected data comparing the safety and effectiveness of individual non-vitamin K antagonists (NOACs) are lacking. Our objective was to directly compare the effectiveness and safety of NOACs in patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods: In GLORIA-AF, a large, prospective, global registry program, consecutive patients with newly diagnosed AF were followed for 3 years. The comparative analyses for (1) dabigatran vs rivaroxaban or apixaban and (2) rivaroxaban vs apixaban were performed on propensity score (PS)-matched patient sets. Proportional hazards regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for outcomes of interest. Results: The GLORIA-AF Phase III registry enrolled 21,300 patients between January 2014 and December 2016. Of these, 3839 were prescribed dabigatran, 4015 rivaroxaban and 4505 apixaban, with median ages of 71.0, 71.0, and 73.0 years, respectively. In the PS-matched set, the adjusted HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for dabigatran vs rivaroxaban were, for stroke: 1.27 (0.79–2.03), major bleeding 0.59 (0.40–0.88), myocardial infarction 0.68 (0.40–1.16), and all-cause death 0.86 (0.67–1.10). For the comparison of dabigatran vs apixaban, in the PS-matched set, the adjusted HRs were, for stroke 1.16 (0.76–1.78), myocardial infarction 0.84 (0.48–1.46), major bleeding 0.98 (0.63–1.52) and all-cause death 1.01 (0.79–1.29). For the comparison of rivaroxaban vs apixaban, in the PS-matched set, the adjusted HRs were, for stroke 0.78 (0.52–1.19), myocardial infarction 0.96 (0.63–1.45), major bleeding 1.54 (1.14–2.08), and all-cause death 0.97 (0.80–1.19). Conclusions: Patients treated with dabigatran had a 41% lower risk of major bleeding compared with rivaroxaban, but similar risks of stroke, MI, and death. Relative to apixaban, patients treated with dabigatran had similar risks of stroke, major bleeding, MI, and death. Rivaroxaban relative to apixaban had increased risk for major bleeding, but similar risks for stroke, MI, and death. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifiers: NCT01468701, NCT01671007. Date of registration: September 2013

Anticoagulant selection in relation to the SAMe-TT2R2 score in patients with atrial fibrillation. the GLORIA-AF registry

Aim: The SAMe-TT2R2 score helps identify patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) likely to have poor anticoagulation control during anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists (VKA) and those with scores >2 might be better managed with a target-specific oral anticoagulant (NOAC). We hypothesized that in clinical practice, VKAs may be prescribed less frequently to patients with AF and SAMe-TT2R2 scores >2 than to patients with lower scores. Methods and results: We analyzed the Phase III dataset of the Global Registry on Long-Term Oral Antithrombotic Treatment in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation (GLORIA-AF), a large, global, prospective global registry of patients with newly diagnosed AF and ≥1 stroke risk factor. We compared baseline clinical characteristics and antithrombotic prescriptions to determine the probability of the VKA prescription among anticoagulated patients with the baseline SAMe-TT2R2 score >2 and ≤ 2. Among 17,465 anticoagulated patients with AF, 4,828 (27.6%) patients were prescribed VKA and 12,637 (72.4%) patients an NOAC: 11,884 (68.0%) patients had SAMe-TT2R2 scores 0-2 and 5,581 (32.0%) patients had scores >2. The proportion of patients prescribed VKA was 28.0% among patients with SAMe-TT2R2 scores >2 and 27.5% in those with scores ≤2. Conclusions: The lack of a clear association between the SAMe-TT2R2 score and anticoagulant selection may be attributed to the relative efficacy and safety profiles between NOACs and VKAs as well as to the absence of trial evidence that an SAMe-TT2R2-guided strategy for the selection of the type of anticoagulation in NVAF patients has an impact on clinical outcomes of efficacy and safety. The latter hypothesis is currently being tested in a randomized controlled trial. Clinical trial registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov//Unique identifier: NCT01937377, NCT01468701, and NCT01671007