A Mechanism of crystallization process of hemoglobin S

 It has been studied as the qualitative consequence of a proposed mechanism of reaction for the formation of HbS molecular aggregations, as well as the mathematical model associated with it, for the particular case that the process of crystallization takes place at partial pressure and constant temperature. It is showed that the results mentioned in the study can be used to explain experimental existing data, although this data are small to decide between various options that are compatible with existing experimental models and experimental data. Also, qualitative consequences of to mechanism of reaction suggested for the formation of HbS molecular aggregations, as well as the mathematical model associated, are studied for a particular case in which to process of crystallization under constant oxygen, partial pressure and constant tem-peratures. The results of such study, which are able to explain the existing experi­mental data, are shown. However, this is latter very scarce for being able to decide among various existing choices compatible with the model and experimental data.  It has been studied as the qualitative consequence of a proposed mechanism of reaction for the formation of HbS molecular aggregations, as well as the mathematical model associated with it, for the particular case that the process of crystallization takes place at partial pressure and constant temperature. It is showed that the results mentioned in the study can be used to explain experimental existing data, although this data are small to decide between various options that are compatible with existing experimental models and experimental data. Also, qualitative consequences of to mechanism of reaction suggested for the formation of HbS molecular aggregations, as well as the mathematical model associated, are studied for a particular case in which to process of crystallization under constant oxygen, partial pressure and constant tem-peratures. The results of such study, which are able to explain the existing experi­mental data, are shown. However, this is latter very scarce for being able to decide among various existing choices compatible with the model and experimental data. &nbsp

Herramienta computacional para el estudio del ictus cerebral usando mapas de ADC. Evaluación preliminar

Ischemic cerebrovascular disease annually affects 15 million people worldwide, including 5 million deaths and other forms of permanent disability. In some research centers in Cuba new neuroprotective therapies are being developed, so it is essential to study its effect. In this paper the use of digital image processing methods to quantify the apparent diffusion of coefficient maps (ADC) in ischemic patients obtained using weighed MRI diffusion is proposed. The study involved 19 individuals. Of these, 14 had ischemic lesions within the first 12 hours with an age between 29 and 89 years. The other five individuals were healthy subjects aged between 28 and 62 years. A native tool (ADCquant) was developed in Matlab. This software is used to determine ADC maps in three brain regions: the ischemic and contralateral areas and a region of cerebrospinal fluid. The ADC map was useful in quantifying the ischemic areas their mean value was 50.7±8.7*10-5mm2/s. Whereas, the mean in healthy tissue and cerebrospinal fluid was 83.0±9.4*10-5mm2/s,311.4±12.1*10-5mm2/s respectively. Statistical analysis showed significant differences between the three areas. This tool help to manage and quantify ADC maps. Moreover, a first quantification using ADC maps of ischemic patients in Cuba is provided.La enfermedad cerebrovascular isquémica afecta anualmente a 15 millones de personas en  todo el mundo, de  ellas 5 millones mueren y otros quedan con algún tipo de discapacidad permanente. En este trabajo se presenta un estudio descriptivo, observacional y de corte longitudinal, en  pacientes con sospecha de daños isquémicos, entre julio y  agosto del 2012, con el objetivo de determinar valores de los mapas del coeficiente de difusión aparente (ADC) para clasificar los tejidos cerebrales en diferentes zonas. En el estudio participaron 26 individuos, 14 presentan lesiones  isquémicas recientes y la edad comprendida se encuentra entre 29 y 89 años. De los pacientes con lesiones seis son del  sexo masculino y los ocho restantes del sexo femenino. Se utilizaron cinco voluntarios sanos con edades entre 20 y 79 años. Siete pacientes poseen lesiones cerebrales antiguas. De este estudio se obtiene una clasificación de los pacientes en sanos y patológicos según los valores obtenidos del ADC y por edades. El mapa de ADC mostró utilidad en el diagnóstico de zonas afectadas por la disminución de este valor en el tejido isquémico (48.6±10.8)*10-5mm2 /s con respecto al sano (83.0±9.4)*10-5mm2 /s y al líquido cefalorraquídeo (311.4±12.1)  *10-5mm2 /s. Se desarrolló una herramienta autóctona en Matlab  (ADCquant) para el manejo y la cuantificación de los mapas de (ADC). Por primera vez se realiza una clasificación del tejido  cerebral por el valor de ADC

A Mechanism of crystallization process of hemoglobin S

It has been studied as the qualitative consequence of a proposed mechanism of reaction for the formation of HbS molecular aggregations, as well as the mathematical model associated with it, for the particular case that the process of crystallization takes place at partial pressure and constant temperature. It is showed that the results mentioned in the study can be used to explain experimental existing data, although this data are small to decide between various options that are compatible with existing experimental models and experimental data. Also, qualitative consequences of to mechanism of reaction suggested for the formation of HbS molecular aggregations, as well as the mathematical model associated, are studied for a particular case in which to process of crystallization under constant oxygen, partial pressure and constant tem- peratures. The results of such study, which are able to explain the existing experi- mental data, are shown. However, this is latter very scarce for being able to decide among various existing choices compatible with the model and experimental data

A Model of the Molecular Aggregate Processes of Hemoglobin S. Absence of Cristallization

Aquí se propone un mecanismo y un modelo matemático. el modelo postula la existencia de microtúbulos defectivos formados por deoxihemoglobina S y oxihemoglobina S, y explica la dependencia de la polimerización de la concentración de hemoglobina, la temperatura y la presión parcial de oxígeno. El análisis hace énfasis en la polimerización de hemoglobina S en la ausencia de cristalización. La acción de otras clases de hemoglobinas en la formación molecular agregada puede ser explicada

Comportamiento de las trayectorias de un sistema de ecuaciones diferenciales que modela el proceso de polimerizacion de la Hb S como medio de evaluar el estado del paciente con anemia drepanocítica

En el presente trabajo se analizan algunos casos particulares de un sistema de ecuaciones diferenciales que modela la anemia drepanocítica. Se hace un estudio cualitativo del comportamiento de las trayectorias en una vecindad de las posiciones de equilibrio, y se dan conclusiones respecto al posible desarrollo de la enfermedad en correspondencia con la simulación realizada. Se realiza un profundo análisis de los casos críticos mediante la teoría analítica de ecuaciones diferenciales

Estudios de Resonancia Magnética en Anemia de Hematies Falciformes

Magnetic Resonance applications to the study of Sickle Cell Disease are analyzed using classical procedures and Unilateral Magnetic Resonance. Hemoglobin and whole blood samples were obtained from healthy individual and patients with Sickle Cell Anemia to be used as samples. Classical pulse sequence as spin echo and inversion recovery were used in the experimental studies, the STEPR method was used for EPR spectrometric determinations. The results show the possibility of NMR methods to follow the molecular process causing the disease and allow us to present quantitative procedures to estimate the clinical state of the patients and the results of clinical options. We present the Unilateral Magnetic Resonance as a new method to study Sickle Cell disease considering its portability and new possibilities as new image method.En este trabajo se analizan diferentes aplicaciones de la Resonancia Magnética al estudio de la Anemia de Hematíes Falciformes, incluyendo métodos clásicos y la Resonancia Magnética Unilateral. Las muestras de hemoglobina y sangre total fueron obtenidas a partir de individuos saludables y pacientes con Anemia Drepanocítica. Secuencias de pulso clásicas como spin eco e inversión recuperación fueron utilizadas en los estudios experimentales, el método de STEPR fue utilizado para determinaciones espectrofotométricas de Resonancia Paramagnética Electrónica. Los resultados muestran la posibilidad de los métodos de Resonancia Magnética para estudiar el proceso molecular que causa esta enfermedad y nos permite presentar procedimientos cuantitativos para estimar el estado clínico del paciente y evaluar opciones terapéuticas. Presentamos la Resonancia Magnética Unilateral como un nuevo método para estudiar la Anemia Drepanocítica considerando su portabilidad y nuevas posibilidades como método de imagen