Revisió dels fonaments teòrics de la gimnàstica abdominal hipopressiva

La gimnàstica abdominal hipopressiva (GAH) és un sistema de tonificació de la musculatura abdominal del sòl pelvià i dels estabilitzadors de la columna. Com a fet diferenciador s’al·lega que aquests exercicis no provoquen augment de la pressió abdominal. L’objectiu és avaluar la validesa dels fonaments teòrics de la GAH i fonamentar-ne la pràctica. Per a la qual cosa s’ha fet una revisió bibliogràfica. S’han trobat discrepàncies entre els fonaments teòrics de la GAH en els punts següents: a) La GAH estimula els centres espiratoris i inhibeix els inspiratoris. b) La GAH estimula el centre pneumotàxic. c) La GAH aconsegueix la relaxació postural diafragmàtica. d) Els centres supraespinals respiratoris modulen la tensió postural de la musculatura respiratòria. e) Entrenar la musculatura abdominal mitjançant exercicis fàsics disminueix el to postural. f) Per prevenir la incontinència urinària d’estrès, cal prioritzar la tonificació de les fibres musculars tipus i del sòl pelvià

Heat Treatment of Fasteners

El proyecto se centra en buscar una solución a las quejas de los clientes debido a que los pernos provenientes del mismo horno no tenían la suficiente dureza. La empresa consideró que el problema estaba en el templado, ya que su estructura tras el quenching ( enfriamiento tras templado) no estaba transformada más del 90% en martensita. Se hizo un estudio de la altura límite de acumulación de pernos que se podía alcanzar en la cinta según la longitud y diámetro del perno. Primero se calculó un límite crítico en el caso que solo hubiera conducción, y luego con una ratio que indicaba el porcentaje de aire que había entre los pernos aumentaba esa altura límite según el tipo de perno. El sistema de detección fue un láser que leía la altura durante 30 segundos, realizaba la media de esas alturas y si era superior al límite crítico sonaba una alarma.Grado en Ingeniería en Tecnologías Industriale

La fiscalidad de la empresa familiar

Este Trabajo de Fin de Grado muestra un análisis detallado sobre la fiscalidad de la empresa familiar, analizando el concepto de la misma y desarrollando los requisitos a cumplir para disfrutar de los beneficios fiscales tendentes a garantizar su continuidad. Para ello, se han consultado distintas fuentes. Se ha utilizado una técnica de investigación consistente en un análisis de contenidos de diferentes manuales y artículos de revista. Habiendo conceptuado la empresa familiar y los requisitos para aprovecharse de los beneficios fiscales previstos para asegurar su continuidad, se procedió a analizar la cesión del Impuesto sobre el Patrimonio y del Impuesto sobre Sucesiones y Donaciones a las Comunidades Autónomas, reflejando la ejecución que llevan a cabo dos Comunidades Autónomas representativas de esa cesión. Este estudio tiene como objetivo principal establecer un concepto de empresa familiar, reflejar los requisitos a cumplir para gozar de los beneficios fiscales establecidos y observar el régimen de la cesión y la ejecución que se realiza en las Comunidades Autónomas.This Final Degree Project shows a detailed analysis on the taxation of the family business, analysing the concept of the same and developing the requirements to be met to enjoy tax benefits aimed at ensuring its continuity. To this end, different sources have been consulted. A research technique consisting of content analysis of different manuals and journal articles has been used. Having conceptualized the family business and the requirements to take advantage of the tax benefits provided to ensure its continuity, the transfer of the Wealth Tax and Inheritance and Gift Tax to the Autonomous Communities was analysed, reflecting the implementation carried out by two representative Autonomous Communities representing that transfer. The main objective of this study is to establish a concept of a family business, to reflect the requirements to be met in order to enjoy the established tax benefits and to observe the regime of the transfer and the execution carried out in the Autonomous Communities.Departamento de Derecho PúblicoGrado en Derecho y Grado en Administración y Dirección de Empresa

Litter Windrows in the South-East Coast of the Bay of Biscay: An Ocean Process Enabling Effective Active Fishing for Litter

Large scale convergence regions of floating marine litter are commonly observed in semi-enclosed seas as the Bay of Biscay. However, clean-up activities on such accumulation regions are limited by the spread of the large-size floating litter on the sea surface. Data gathered by a small-scale fishing vessel devoted to active fishing for floating litter activities during the spring and summer of 2018 reveals that the linear streaks of high concentration of floating litter (so-called litter "windrows") are common accumulation structures in the south-east coast of the Bay of Biscay. The random search of litter windrows for their collection through surface tows of macro-nets was proved to be an effective action for floating litter mitigation. A total of 196 tows collected 16.2 tons of floating marine litter in 68 working days. Most of the litter windrows were around 1 km length and, on average, accumulated 77.75 kg of floating marine litter. Fishing, shipping and aquaculture sectors were the source of 35% of the 4,130 litter items analyzed (55% in weight of the sourced items), and plastic was the most common type of material (96% in terms of items). A better understanding of the phenomenon of the litter windrows, capable to guide clean-up efforts in space and time, would provide a considerable improvement in the efficiency of mitigation actions to reduce the marine litter pollution. The observations of litter windrows in the coastal area of the south-east of the Bay of Biscay demonstrate the key role of submesoscale processes in the distribution of FML. The present work provides a thorough description of floating litter windrows in nature, which it was non-existent to date. The results are the kind of proof necessary to boost the research addressed on the submesoscale aggregations of FML. Coupling litter windrows observations with remote-sensing technology and high-resolution modeling techniques offer great opportunities for the mitigation actions against marine litter

Optimización y rediseño de procesos de producción en laboratorio de protésico dental

En este proyecto se pretende buscar y encontrar ventajas competitivas a través de la planificación estratégica de un laboratorio protésico dental. El propósito del proyecto es el de controlar la producción para aumentar la productividad, y disminuir costes. Era necesario recopilar toda la información acerca del laboratorio, tanto en su parte más corporativa como son su misión y objetivos corporativos, su gama de productos, profundizando en el tipo de organización para el diseño, planificación de producción, asi como el control y la capacidad de producción en la planta de manufactura, distinguiendo las diversas técnicas e ingenierías utilizadas. Una vez conocido el entorno, se pone en marcha una planificación integral estratégica de la producción, proyectando de unas estrategias corporativas que permitirán rediseñar los procesos de fabricación en proyectos mediante el programa Microsoft Project. Obteniendo unos resultados en tiempos de producción, costes totales y costes por producto que serán evaluados para su optimización según las necesidades de la dirección del laboratorio. De esta manera, se sellan las conclusiones del proyecto en comparación con los objetivos planteados inicialmente. Incluso al final del proyecto plantean algunas de las posibilidades de mejora y márgenes de utilización que puede tener el proyecto más allá del actual presentado. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________What the Project pretends is to search and find important advantages from a strategy planification plan on a dental manufacturing lab. The purpose is to control the production line, stepping up the productivity levels and taking down product costs. It was necessary to compile all corporative information of the company, such as objectives and all differents types of products, going deeply into design model, planification plan, control and capacity production on the manufacture plant. Once known how it works the laboratory, it is time to iniciate the integral strategy production plan. Will be projected some corporatives and well calculated strategies. These will be very useful to redesign manufacturing processes with Microsoft project programme, getting time production results, total costs and individual product costs. After that, all have been optimizing following direction necessities. Finally, the Project results have been compared with the inicial objetives proposed. In addition there are descrived some open possibilities for the Project.Ingeniería Industria

Dune plants as a sink for beach litter: The species-specific role and edge effect on litter entrapment by plants

Anthropogenic litter accumulates along coasts worldwide. In addition to the flowing litter load, wind, sea currents, geomorphology and vegetation determine the distribution of litter trapped on the sandy coasts. Although some studies highlighted the role of dune plants in trapping marine litter, little is known about their efficiency as sinks and about the small-scale spatial distribution of litter across the dune area. Here, we explore these gaps by analysing six plant species widespread in Mediterranean coastal habitats, namely Echinophora spinosa, Limbarda crithmoides, Anthemis maritima, Pancratium maritimum, Thinopyrum junceum, and Salsola kali. The present study analyses for the first time the capture of litter by dune vegetation at a multi-species level, considering their morphological structure. Data on plastic accumulation on dune plants were compared with unvegetated control plots located at embryo-dune and foredune belts. We found that dunal plants mainly entrapped macrolitter (> 0.5 cm). Particularly, E. spinosa, L. crithmoides, A. maritima and P. maritimum mostly accumulated litter in the embryo dune while T. junceum and S. kali entrapped more in the foredune area. Moreover, beach litter was mainly blocked at the edge of the plant patches rather than in the core, highlighting the ‘Plant-edge litter effect’. As A. maritima and S. kali entrapped respectively more litter in embryo and foredune habitats, these species could be used to monitor and recollect litter. In this light, our findings provide further insight into the role of dune plants in the beach litter dynamics, suppling useful information for beach clean-up actions

Value‐based potentials: Exploiting quantitative information regularity patterns in probabilistic graphical models

This study was jointly supported by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science under projects PID2019-106758GB-C31 and TIN2016-77902-C3-2-P, and the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER). Funding for open access charge from Universidad de Granada/CBUA.When dealing with complex models (i.e., models with many variables, a high degree of dependency between variables, or many states per variable), the efficient representation of quantitative information in probabilistic graphical models (PGMs) is a challenging task. To address this problem, this study introduces several new structures, aptly named value‐based potentials (VBPs), which are based exclusively on the values. VBPs leverage repeated values to reduce memory requirements. In the present paper, they are compared with some common structures, like standard tables or unidimensional arrays, and probability trees (PT). Like VBPs, PTs are designed to reduce the memory space, but this is achieved only if value repetitions correspond to context‐specific independence patterns (i.e., repeated values are related to consecutive indices or configurations). VBPs are devised to overcome this limitation. The goal of this study is to analyze the properties of VBPs. We provide a theoretical analysis of VBPs and use them to encode the quantitative information of a set of well‐known Bayesian networks, measuring the access time to their content and the computational time required to perform some inference tasks.Spanish Government PID2019-106758GB-C31 TIN2016-77902-C3-2-PEuropean Commissio

Macroecological patterns of the phytoplankton production of polyunsaturated aldehydes

The polyunsaturated aldehydes (PUAs) are bioactive metabolites commonly released by phytoplankton species. Based primarily on laboratory experiments, PUAs have been implicated in deleterious efects on herbivores and competing phytoplankton species or in the regulation of the rates of bacterial organic matter remineralization; however, the role of the PUAs at an ecosystem level is still under discussion. Using data of PUA production in natural phytoplankton assemblages over a wide range of conditions, we analyzed macroecological patterns aiming for a comprehensive environmental contextualization that will further our understanding of the control and ecologic role played by these compounds. PUA composition changed from the predominance of decadienal in oligotrophy, octadienal in eutrophy, and heptadienal at intermediate conditions. The production of PUAs per unit biomass also showed a strong relationship with the trophic status, sharply increasing towards oligotrophic conditions and with small-sized cells reaching the highest production rates. High ratios of dissolved inorganic nitrogen to dissolved inorganic phosphorus also promoted PUA production, albeit to a considerably lesser extent. Although the allelopathic use of PUAs to outcompete other phytoplankton or reduce herbivory may be key in some environments and interactions, the macroecological patterns found here, showing higher production towards the poorest waters and among the small species typically populating these environments, support and link at the large scale the hypotheses of the nutrient-derived stress as driver for the production of PUAs together with the use of these compounds as boosters for the nutrient remineralization