21 research outputs found

    Les plantes s'avisen del perill imminent

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    Les plantes envien senyals a l'atmosfera per comunicar-se amb altres plantes i amb els animals: quan una planta és atacada per un patogen o per un herbívor allibera certs compostos a l'aire que "avisen" les altres del perill imminent, de manera que puguin preparar-se per rebre'l. Són substàncies que activen el metabolisme defensiu de les plantes com l'emissió de compostos repel·lents contra els herbívors, de reclam pels parasitoides dels herbívors o la segregació d'antioxidants o estabilitzadors de les membranes cel·lulars. Investigadors de la UAB han investigat si el metanol podria comptar-se entre aquestes substàncies de comunicació ja que s'ha detectat que en la sega dels camps de cultiu o en l'atac per herbívors s'alliberen grans quantitats d'aquest compost a l'atmosfera detectables per les plantes de la rodalia.Las plantas envían señales a la atmósfera para comunicarse con otras plantas y con los animales: cuando una planta es atacada por un patógeno o por un herbívoro libera ciertos compuestos en el aire que "avisan" a las demás del peligro inminente, de manera que puedan prepararse para recibirlo. Son sustancias que activan el metabolismo defensivo de las plantas como la emisión de compuestos repelentes contra los herbívoros, de reclamo para los parasitoides de los herbívoros o la segregación de antioxidantes o estabilizadores de las membranas celulares. Investigadores de la UAB han investigado si el metanol podría estar entre estas sustancias de comunicación ya que se ha detectado que en la siega de los campos de cultivo o en el ataque por herbívoros se liberan grandes cantidades de este compuesto a la atmósfera detectables por las plantas de los alrededores

    Pla et al.

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    Global patterns of phosphatase activity in natural soils

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    Soil phosphatase levels strongly control the biotic pathways of phosphorus (P), an essential element for life, which is often limiting in terrestrial ecosystems. We investigated the influence of climatic and soil traits on phosphatase activity in terrestrial systems using metadata analysis from published studies. This is the first analysis of global measurements of phosphatase in natural soils. Our results suggest that organic P (Porg), rather than available P, is the most important P fraction in predicting phosphatase activity. Structural equation modeling using soil total nitrogen (TN), mean annual precipitation, mean annual temperature, thermal amplitude and total soil carbon as most available predictor variables explained up to 50% of the spatial variance in phosphatase activity. In this analysis, Porg could not be tested and among the rest of available variables, TN was the most important factor explaining the observed spatial gradients in phosphatase activity. On the other hand, phosphatase activity was also found to be associated with climatic conditions and soil type across different biomes worldwide. The close association among different predictors like Porg, TN and precipitation suggest that P recycling is driven by a broad scale pattern of ecosystem productivity capacity.© The Author(s) 201

    Indirect effects of climate change on Mediterranean biodiversity: the role of land use changes and fire.

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    <p>Mediterranean basin its frequency and impact have markedly increased in recent years. However, climate change impacts on biodiversity are often indirect through changes in disturbance regimes. Fire is a critical factor in the Mediterranean and is likely to drive climate change effects over large areas. The description and analysis of landscape patterns associated to fire dynamics have received some attention, but knowledge about how the temporal and spatial arrangement of habitats, arising from wild fires, affects biodiversity in complex, human dominated landscapes is astonishingly poor, with the exceptionn of within habitat succession related recovery of communities after disturbance event.</p> <p>In this communication, we present recent advancements on habitat and biodiversity modelling responses to fire and climate changes in Catalonia (North-east Iberian peninsula) in which species distribution modelling applications have played a major role. Our study model in dynamic Mediterranean landscapes has stressed the importance of landscape dynamics, population connectivity and model building in the accurate prediction of distribution changes of habitat and biodiversity responses to climate changes, land use changes and fire dynamics during the last 20 years in the region. We argue that a deep insight on the temporal and spatial factors that interact in a complex way to determine current landscape patterns and species responses will be essential if we aim at understanding and managing Mediterranean systems. The generality of these constraints suggest that successful application of species distribution modelling to the prediction of species distribution dynamics in other systems should be developed under a similar integrative, ecological sound framework.</p

    Natusfera

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    Web temática.-- Propósito: divulgativo.-- Estado del proyecto: activo.-- Fecha de la consulta: 2021-01-15.-- Contiene una app para dispositivos móviles.Natusfera ofrece un lugar para registrar y organizar observaciones de la naturaleza, conocer a otros entusiastas y aprender sobre el mundo natural. Promueve la participación de una amplia variedad de interesados como excursionistas, guías de naturaleza, cazadores, aficionados a las aves, recolectores de hongos, técnicos de espacios naturales, ecologistas, alumnos, maestros, pescadores, etc. Sus objetivos son crear conciencia en las comunidades y conocer el mundo natural y su biodiversidad para promover suFundación Española para la Ciencia y la Tecnología; Obra Social La Caixa; el Real Jardín Botánico-CSIC a través del Nodo Nacional de Biodiversidad en España, GBIF.ES y el Instituto de Ciencias del Mar.Natusfera.-- Observaciones.-- Especies.-- Proyectos.-- Lugares.-- Guías.-- PersonasPeer reviewe

    IV Interdisciplinary Conference on Natural Resource Modeling and Analysis : Abstracts

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    IV Interdisciplinary Conference on Natural Resource Modeling and Analysis, 15-18 July 1991, Barcelona.-- IncompleteThis conference, the first Resource Modelling Association meeting in Europe, will focus on recent progress in the modelling and management of natural resources. [...
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