The city of salvador-ba in the contemporary cinema

O artigo trata de representações sobre a cidade de Salvador-BA no cinema brasileiro contemporâneo, com foco no espaço público da cidade, seus aspectos principais bem como suas contradições socioespaciais. O inventário de vinte e cinco filmes apresentado contribui para a linha de pesquisa das Geografias de Cinema, em estruturação no Brasil e no mundo, pois trata de análise sobre espaço público em filmes brasileiros contemporâneos, tema ainda pouco explorado no Brasil.The paper deals with representations about the city of Salvador - BA in contemporary Brazilian cinema, focusing on the public space of the city, its main aspects and socio - spatial contradictions. The inventory of twenty-five films presented contributes to the line of research of the Geographies of Cinema, in structuring in Brazil and in the world, because it deals with the analysis of public space in contemporary Brazilian films, a topic still little explored in Brazil

Qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal de crianças pré-escolares de acordo com as razões para procura por atendimento odontológico

Objetivo: avaliar a percepção dos pais sobre a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal (QVRSB) de crianças pré-escolares atendidas na clínica de uma faculdade de odontologia, de acordo com a razão que motivou a procura pelos cuidados. Método: Quarenta e cinco pais e crianças de 0 a 6 anos de idade foram incluídos. Vinte e cinco crianças foram à clínica odontológica devido a trauma dental (Grupo 1) e 20, devido a cárie ou dor (Grupo 2). Os cuidadores foram convidados a preencher um questionário sobre a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal (Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale - ECOHIS) para avaliar a QVRSB da criança. O ECOHIS inclui uma seção de impacto na criança e outra de impacto familiar, e a pontuação varia de 0 a 52. Quanto maior a pontuação, maior o impacto na qualidade de vida. Crianças com mais de 4 anos expressaram sentimentos sobre seus dentes por meio de um instrumento de avaliação com desenhos. Resultados: A média da pontuação do ECOHIS foi de 10,6 para toda a amostra e 10,1 e 11,6 para o grupo trauma e grupo cárie, respectivamente. As crianças que procuraram atendimento odontológico por cárie, bem como aquelas que haviam sido submetidas a tratamento restaurador, apresentaram maior impacto sobre o domínio sintomas (p < 0,05). No grupo 1, 36% (5) das crianças manifestaram sua insatisfação com a sua saúde oral, ao passo que, no grupo 2, o nível de insatisfação aumentou para 53% (8 crianças). Os resultados mostraram que o impacto sobre a QVRSB foi elevado na população estudada, e que cárie/ dor teve maior impacto sobre a criança, e trauma dental, sobre a família.Purpose: to evaluate parental perception on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQL) of preschool children attending a Dentistry School according to the reason care was sought. Method: 45 parents and their 0-6-year-old children were included. Twenty five children were taken to the dental clinic due to dental trauma (Group 1), and 20 due to caries or pain (Group 2). Caretakers were asked to complete the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) to evaluate child’s OHRQoL. The ECOHIS includes a child impact section and a family impact section and varies from 0 to 52. Children over 4 years of age expressed their feelings on their teeth by an instrument with drawings. Results: mean ECOHIS score was 10.6 for the whole sample and 10.1 and 11.6 for the trauma and caries groups, respectively. Caries-bearing children had higher scores on the oral symptons and on the family function domain. Parent disstress was higher for the trauma-bearing child. In group 1, 36% (5) children expressed dissatisfaction with their oral health, whereas in group 2 the dissatisfaction level raised to 53% (8 children). The results showed that the impact on OHRQoL was high in the studied population. Caries/pain had more impact on the children, whereas dental trauma had a higher impact on the family

Ligand changes in ferric species of the giant extracellular hemoglobin of Glossoscolex paulistus as function of pH: correlations between redox, spectroscopic and oligomeric properties and general implications with different hemoproteins

The present review is focused on the relationship between oligomeric and heme properties of HbGp, emphasizing the characteristics that can be generalized to other hemoproteins. This study represents the state-of-the-art with respect to the approaches for investigating giant extracellular hemoglobins as well as the correlation between oligomeric assembly alterations and their consequent changes in the first coordination sphere. A wide introduction focused on the properties of this hemoglobin is developed. Indeed, this hemoprotein is considered an interesting prototype of blood substitute and biosensor due to its peculiar properties, such as resistance to autoxidation and oligomeric stability. Previous studies by our group employing UV-vis, EPR and CD spectroscopies have been revised in a complete approach, in agreement with recent and relevant data from the literature. In fact, a consistent and inter-related spectroscopic study is described propitiating a wide assignment of "fingerprint" peaks found in the techniques evaluated in this paper. This review furnishes physicochemical information regarding the identification of ferric heme species of hemoproteins and metallic complexes through their spectroscopic bands. This effort at the attribution of UV-vis, EPR and CD peaks is not restricted to HbGp, and includes a comparative analysis of several hemoproteins involving relevant implications regarding several types of iron-porphyrin systems

Preliminary in vitro assessment of the potential toxicity and antioxidant activity of Ceiba speciosa (A. St.-Hill) Ravenna (Paineira)

The bark tea of Ceiba speciosa, a tropical tree of the Malvaceae family, is used in the Northwestern Region of Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, to reduce blood cholesterol levels. However, there are no scientific data on the efficacy and safety of this plant. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and toxic potential of bark extracts of C. speciosa. We performed a preliminary phytochemical analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) and evaluated the oxidative damage to proteins and lipids, the radical scavenging effect, and genotoxicity of the lyophilized aqueous extract (LAECs) and the precipitate obtained from the raw ethanol extract (Cs1). The phytochemical profile demonstrated the presence of phenolic and flavonoid compounds. The LAECs and Cs1 prevented damage to lipids and proteins at concentrations of 50 and 10 µg/mL. They also showed a scavenging effect on 2,2-diphenyl-1-pricril-hydrazyl (DPPH) radicals in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, no genotoxic effect was observed at concentrations of 10, 5 and 2 µg/mL in the Comet assay. The present study is the first evaluation regarding the characterization of C. speciosa and its safety, and the results demonstrate its antioxidant potential and suggest that its therapeutic use may be relatively safe

Self-reported adherence to physical activity recommendations compared to the IPAQ interview in patients with hypertension

Background: Physical activity (PA) is recommended as adjuvant therapy to control blood pressure (BP). The effectiveness of simple recommendations is not clear. We aimed to assess the agreement between self-report of adherence to PA in clinical routine and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) interview and its association with BP control. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with hypertensive outpatients. Adherence to recommendation to PA was assessed by the physician and IPAQ interview. A cutoff of 150 minutes/week was used to classify active or nonactive patients. High sitting time was considered >4 hours/day. A total of 127 individuals (SBP 144.9±24.4 mmHg/DBP 82.0±12.8 mmHg) were included. Results: A total of 69 subjects (54.3%) reported to be active to their physician, whereas 81 (63.8%) were classified as active by IPAQ (6.3% active in leisure time PA). Kappa test was 0.22 (95% CI, 0.06–0.37). The rate of BP control was 45.7%. There was no association with the reported PA assessed by both methods nor with sitting time. Our results demonstrated poor agreement between self-report adherence and IPAQ interview, and neither evaluation was associated with BP control. Conclusion: Our findings underpin evidences that a simple PA recommendation has low association with BP control in clinical settings

Diminishing benefits of urban living for children and adolescents’ growth and development

Optimal growth and development in childhood and adolescence is crucial for lifelong health and well-being1–6 . Here we used data from 2,325 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight from 71 million participants, to report the height and body-mass index (BMI) of children and adolescents aged 5–19 years on the basis of rural and urban place of residence in 200 countries and territories from 1990 to 2020. In 1990, children and adolescents residing in cities were taller than their rural counterparts in all but a few high-income countries. By 2020, the urban height advantage became smaller in most countries, and in many high-income western countries it reversed into a small urban-based disadvantage. The exception was for boys in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and in some countries in Oceania, south Asia and the region of central Asia, Middle East and north Africa. In these countries, successive cohorts of boys from rural places either did not gain height or possibly became shorter, and hence fell further behind their urban peers. The difference between the age-standardized mean BMI of children in urban and rural areas was <1.1 kg m–2 in the vast majority of countries. Within this small range, BMI increased slightly more in cities than in rural areas, except in south Asia, sub-Saharan Africa and some countries in central and eastern Europe. Our results show that in much of the world, the growth and developmental advantages of living in cities have diminished in the twenty-first century, whereas in much of sub-Saharan Africa they have amplified