The Multi-location Trilemma

The possibility of multilocation --- of one entity having more than one exact location --- is required by several metaphysical theories such as the immanentist theory of universals and three-dimensionalism about persistence. One of the most pressing challenges for multi-location theorists is that of making sense of exact location --- in that extant definitions of exact location entail a principle called Functionality, according to which nothing can have more than one exact location. Recently in a number of promising papers, Antony Eagle has proposed and defended a definition of exact location in terms of weak location that does not entail Functionality. This paper provides the first thorough assessment of Eagle’s proposal. In particular, we argue that it cannot account for (i) location of immanent universals, (ii) multi-location of mereologically changing three-dimensional objects , (iii) multi-location of mereologically complex objects, and (iv) mereologically simple but extended objects

The Irr and RirA proteins participate in a complex regulatory circuit and act in concert to modulate bacterioferritin expression in Ensifer meliloti 1021

In this work we found that the bfr gene of the rhizobial species Ensifer meliloti, encoding a bacterioferritin iron storage protein, is involved in iron homeostasis and the oxidative stress response. This gene is located downstream of and overlapping the smc03787 open reading frame (ORF). No well-predicted RirA or Irr boxes were found in the region immediately upstream of the bfr gene although two presumptive RirA boxes and one presumptive Irr box were present in the putative promoter of smc03787. We demonstrate that bfr gene expression is enhanced under iron-sufficient conditions and that Irr and RirA modulate this expression. The pattern of bfr gene expression as well as the response to Irr and RirA is inversely correlated to that of smc03787. Moreover, our results suggest that the small RNA SmelC759 participates in RirA- and Irr-mediated regulation of bfr expression and that additional unknown factors are involved in iron-dependent regulation.Fil: Costa, Daniela. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas "Clemente Estable"; UruguayFil: Amarelle, Vanesa. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas "Clemente Estable"; UruguayFil: Valverde, Claudio Fabián. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: O`Brian, Mark R.. State University of New York; Estados UnidosFil: Fabiano, Elena. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas "Clemente Estable"; Urugua

O espectro das síndromes de hipertensão esteróide na infância e adolescência

Arterial hypertension is not a privilege of adults. Besides renal and vascular causes, adrenocortical and correlated diseases must be considered when investigating a hypertensive child or adolescent. The mineralocorticoid (MC) receptor can be activated by typical MC as well as by cortisol, and even run autonomously, as a result of disturbances in the sodium channel. Thus, MC hyperactivity (hypertension, hypokalemia and renin suppression) may result from excess of: (1) aldosterone, (2) deoxycorticosterone (DOC), and (3) cortisol. The first group, called primary hyperaldosteronism (PHA), includes aldosterone-producing adenoma, carcinoma and hyperplasia, in addition to familial causes: dexamethasone suppressible HA (or type I) and type II familial PAH. The second group encompasses DOC-producing, as well as androgen- and estrogen-producing tumors, and ACTH-dependent DOC hypersecretion (Cushing s syndrome, congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 11beta- and 17alpha-hydroxylase deficiencies and the syndrome of peripheral cortisol resistance). In the syndrome of apparent MC excess, cortisol acts as the operating MC, due to congenital deficiency or licorice-induced enzymatic inhibition of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, responsible for cortisol to cortisone oxidation. Sodium and fluids are inappropriately absorbed at the renal tubule, both in Liddle s syndrome (activating mutations in the epithelial Na+ channel gene) and Arnold-Healy-Gordon s syndrome (in which excess tubular chloride and sodium resorption impairs H+ and K+ excretion, producing hypertension with acidosis and hyperkalemia). Although not much prevalent, this wide spectrum of hypertensive adrenal diseases should be considered as the potential cause of childhood and adolescence hypertension.Hipertensão arterial não é privilégio de adultos. Além de causas renais e vasculares, doenças adrenocorticais ou correlatas devem ser consideradas na investigação da criança e adolescente hipertensos. O receptor mineralocortidóide (MC) pode ser ativado tanto por MC típicos como pelo cortisol, e mesmo funcionar de maneira autônoma, decorrente de distúrbio nos canais de sódio. Assim, hiperatividade MC (hipertensão, hipocalemia e supressão de renina) pode resultar do excesso de: (1) aldosterona, (2) deoxicorticosterona (DOC) e (3) cortisol. O primeiro grupo, denominado hiperaldosteronismo primário (HAP), inclui o adenoma, o carcinoma e a hiperplasia produtora de aldosterona, além de causa familiares: HA supressível por dexametasona (ou tipo I) e o tipo II. O segundo grupo engloba os tumores produtores tanto de DOC, como de andrógenos ou estrógenos, e a produção de DOC secundária ao excesso de ACTH (síndrome de Cushing, hiperplasia adrenal congênita por deficiência de 11beta- e 17alfa-hidroxilases e síndrome de resistência periférica ao cortisol). Na síndrome do excesso aparente de MC, cortisol age como um MC graças à deficiência congênita ou à inibição (pelo alcaçuz) da enzima 11beta-hidroxisteróide desidrogenase, responsável pela oxidação do cortisol em cortisona. Sódio e fluidos podem ser absorvidos nos túbulos renais de forma inapropriada, tanto na síndrome de Liddle (mutações ativadoras do gene do canal epitelial de sódio) como na de Arnold-Healy-Gordon (onde a hiperreabsorção de cloretos e sódio no túbulo renal impede a excreção de H+ e K+, produzindo hipertensão com acidose e hipercalemia). Todo este espectro de doenças adrenais hipertensivas, apesar de pouco prevalentes, deve ser lembrado com possível causa da hipertensão que pode ocorrer na infância e adolescência.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Departamento de MedicinaUNIFESP, EPM, Depto. de MedicinaSciEL

O silenciamento do multiculturalismo na pauta das Universidades Federais do sudeste e nordeste brasileiro: tendências na formação do bibliotecário e cientista da informação

This article investigates the graduation system of librarians and information science scientists, at federal universities of the southeast and northeast regions of Brazil. More precisely, our research aims to discuss the extent to which the courses on Library Science and Information Science encompass Multiculturalism in the field of university teaching, research and extension. We take account of the theoretical framework of Multiculturalism and Intercultural Education, leading an investigation of qualitative and quantitative nature. The evidence indicates that the discussions on Multiculturalism still occurs in an incipient way in four of the six universities of the southeast. More than that, the debate is absent at two universities in this region. On the other hand, in the Northeast region it is incipient in four of the eight universities surveyed, being absent in the others. Our work may contribute to stimulate reflections on the role of the university in the informational demands of multicultural societies

A INTEGRAÇÃO DAS INSTITUIÇÕES DE ENSINO DE MODA E EMPRESAS TÊXTEIS CATARINENSES: COMPROMISSO COM A CRIAÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO E INOVAÇÃO.

Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir a integração universidade-empresa (UE) como instrumento para a inovação no setor produtivo têxtil. O tema é abordado por meio de estudo bibliográfico e de caso, onde se apresenta a experiência de integração dos cursos superiores de moda do Estado de Santa Catarina (SC), Brasil, com empresas catarinenses do setor têxtil e de confecção participantes do projeto Santa Catarina Moda Contemporânea - SCMC. Como resultado, a pesquisa revela que as parcerias podem contribuir com o processo de inovação das empresas, mas há necessidade de maior atenção às características diferenciadas das organizações e instituições de ensino, bem como às diversas dimensões do processo de inovação que pode resultar em inovação tanto de produto, como de processo, de marketing ou organizacional. Foram também constatadas, neste estudo, a necessidade de gestores com formação específica em relação UE e de mudanças da cultura organizacional e institucional frente às novas formas de criação do conhecimento

Nursing and its role in obstetric emergencies of young mothers.

The objective of the study is to describe the scientific evidence of nursing care in obstetric emergencies of adolescent mothers. This is an integrative literature review, carried out in the databases of the Virtual Health Library, Scientific and Technical Literature of Latin America and the Caribbean (LILACS), Online System Search and Analysis of Medical Literature (MEDLINE) and Base Nursing data (BDENF) as Descriptors Health Sciences (Decs)"Nursing performance." "Pregnant Women". Emergency and Rescue ServicesAssociated with the Boolean AND operator. The study included 23 original articles available in full, in Portuguese language between the years January 2014 to January 2019. And deleted, repeated 12 articles, monographs, dissertation and literature reviews. The final sample consisted of 11 articles divided into the following semantic categories: The actions of the nurse in the care of patients in the pre-eclampsia and the quality of nursing care in the perception of pregnant women with pre-eclampsia. It was observed that the urgent and emergency care to pregnant women with pre-eclampsia, nursing develops a direct assistance of great significance impact on the lives of these adolescents and their children.The objective of the study is to describe the scientific evidence of nursing care in obstetric emergencies of adolescent mothers. This is an integrative literature review, carried out in the databases of the Virtual Health Library, Scientific and Technical Literature of Latin America and the Caribbean (LILACS), Online System Search and Analysis of Medical Literature (MEDLINE) and Base Nursing data (BDENF) as Descriptors Health Sciences (Decs)"Nursing performance." "Pregnant Women". Emergency and Rescue ServicesAssociated with the Boolean AND operator. The study included 23 original articles available in full, in Portuguese language between the years January 2014 to January 2019. And deleted, repeated 12 articles, monographs, dissertation and literature reviews. The final sample consisted of 11 articles divided into the following semantic categories: The actions of the nurse in the care of patients in the pre-eclampsia and the quality of nursing care in the perception of pregnant women with pre-eclampsia. It was observed that the urgent and emergency care to pregnant women with pre-eclampsia, nursing develops a direct assistance of great significance impact on the lives of these adolescents and their children

The bristle patterning genes hairy and extramacrochaetae regulate the development of structures required for flight in Diptera.

The distribution of sensory bristles on the thorax of Diptera (true flies) provides a useful model for the study of the evolution of spatial patterns. Large bristles called macrochaetes are arranged into species-specific stereotypical patterns determined via spatially discrete expression of the proneural genes achaete-scute (ac-sc). In Drosophila ac-sc expression is regulated by transcriptional activation at sites where bristle precursors develop and by repression outside of these sites. Three genes, extramacrochaetae (emc), hairy (h) and stripe (sr), involved in repression have been documented. Here we demonstrate that in Drosophila, the repressor genes emc and h, like sr, play an essential role in the development of structures forming part of the flight apparatus. In addition we find that, in Calliphora vicina a species diverged from D. melanogaster by about 100 Myr, spatial expression of emc, h and sr is conserved at the location of development of those structures. Based on these findings we argue, first, that the role emc, h and sr in development of the flight apparatus preceded their activities for macrochaete patterning; second, that species-specific variation in activation and repression of ac-sc expression is evolving in parallel to establish a unique distribution of macrochaetes in each species

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia in the adult women: management of old and new challenges

Due to major improvements in the management and therapy of patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia owing to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD) along childhood and adolescence, affected women are able to reach adulthood. Therefore, management throughout adult life became even more complex, leading to new challenges. Both the protracted use of corticosteroids (sometimes in supraphysiologic doses), and excess androgen (due to irregular treatment and/or inadequate dosage) may impair the quality of life and health outcomes in affected adult women, causing osteoporosis, metabolic disturbances with high cardiovascular risk, cosmetic damage, infertility, and psychosocial and psychosexual changes. However, long-term follow-up studies with 21OHD adult women are still required. In this review, we discuss some important and controversial aspects of the follow-up of adult women with 21OHD, and recommend the use of a customized multi-disciplinary therapeutic approach while further studies with these patients do not provide distinct understanding and well-defined attitudes towards better quality of life.Graças ao significativo avanço na conduta e no tratamento de pacientes com as diversas formas de hiperplasia adrenal congênita por deficiência de 21-hidroxilase (D21OH) durante a infância e a adolescência, essas mulheres puderam atingir a idade adulta. Dessa maneira, o manejo nessa fase tornou-se ainda mais complexo, originando novos desafios. Tanto a exposição continuada à corticoterapia (pelo uso de doses muitas vezes suprafisiológicas), quanto ao hiperandrogenismo (pelo tratamento irregular ou uso de doses insuficientes), pode causar resultados pouco favoráveis à saúde e à qualidade de vida dessas mulheres, como: osteoporose, complicações metabólicas com risco cardiovascular, prejuízos cosméticos, infertilidade e alterações psicossociais e psicossexuais. No entanto, há poucos estudos de seguimento de longo prazo nas pacientes adultas. Nessa revisão procuramos abordar alguns aspectos importantes e mesmo controversos no seguimento de mulheres adultas com D21OH, recomendando a adoção de terapia individualizada e de caráter multidisciplinar, enquanto novos estudos não proponham atitudes mais bem definidas e consensuais visando à melhora da qualidade de vida dessas mulheres.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Departamento de MedicinaUNIFESP, EPM, Depto. de MedicinaSciEL