PAIRWISE VELOCITIES OF GALAXIES IN THE CFA AND SSRS2 REDSHIFT SURVEYS

(compressed version) We combine the CfA Redshift Survey (CfA2) and the Southern Sky Redshift Survey (SSRS2) to estimate the pairwise velocity dispersion of galaxies \sig12 on a scale of \sim 1 \hmpc. Both surveys are complete to an apparent magnitude limit $B(0)=15.5$. Our sample includes 12,812 galaxies distributed in a volume 1.8 \times 10^6 \hmpc3. We conclude: 1) The pairwise velocity dispersion of galaxies in the combined CfA2+SSRS2 redshift survey is \sig12=540 \kms \pm 180 \kms. Both the estimate and the variance of \sig12 significantly exceed the canonical values \sig12=340 \pm40 measured by Davis \& Peebles (1983) using CfA1. 2) We derive the uncertainty in \sig12 from the variation among subsamples with volumes on the order of $7 \times 10^5$ \hmpc3. This variation is nearly an order of magnitude larger than the formal error, 36 \kms, derived using least-squares fits to the CfA2+SSRS2 correlation function. This variation among samples is consistent with the conclusions of Mo \etal (1993) for a number of smaller surveys and with the analysis of CfA1 by Zurek \etal (1994). 3) When we remove Abell clusters with $R\ge1$ from our sample, the pairwise velocity dispersion of the remaining galaxies drops to 295 \pm 99 \kms. Thus the dominant source of variance in \sig12 is the shot noise contributed by dense virialized systems. 4) The distribution of pairwise velocities is consistent with an isotropic exponential with velocity dispersion independent of scale.Comment: 61 pages uuencoded, compressed postscript in 5 pieces. Also available in one piece at http://www.dao.nrc.ca/DAO/SCIENCE/science.htm

A proposal of an analytical conflict management model for the Chinese context

China’s culture is different from Western cultures, with various implications including conflict management styles. Many conflict management studies have been based in a set of models with the same or similar assumptions, namely two axis related with concern for self and concern for the other or for the relationship with the other, that produce four or five conflict management styles (e.g., Rahim 2002). However, those similar models do not reflect China’s culture. This study aims to create a model for conflict management styles structure definition that is adapted to Chinese culture.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

New Techniques for Relating Dynamically Close Galaxy Pairs to Merger and Accretion Rates : Application to the SSRS2 Redshift Survey

We introduce two new pair statistics, which relate close galaxy pairs to the merger and accretion rates. We demonstrate the importance of correcting these (and other) pair statistics for selection effects related to sample depth and completeness. In particular, we highlight the severe bias that can result from the use of a flux-limited survey. The first statistic, denoted N_c, gives the number of companions per galaxy, within a specified range in absolute magnitude. N_c is directly related to the galaxy merger rate. The second statistic, called L_c, gives the total luminosity in companions, per galaxy. This quantity can be used to investigate the mass accretion rate. Both N_c and L_c are related to the galaxy correlation function and luminosity function in a straightforward manner. We outline techniques which account for various selection effects, and demonstrate the success of this approach using Monte Carlo simulations. If one assumes that clustering is independent of luminosity (which is appropriate for reasonable ranges in luminosity), then these statistics may be applied to flux-limited surveys. These techniques are applied to a sample of 5426 galaxies in the SSRS2 redshift survey. Using close dynamical pairs, we find N_c(-21<M_B<-18) = 0.0226+/-0.0052 and L_c(-21<M_B<-18) = 0.0216+/-0.0055 10^{10} h^2 L_sun at z=0.015. These are the first secure estimates of low-z close pair statistics. If N_c remains fixed with redshift, simple assumptions imply that ~ 6.6% of present day galaxies with -21<M_B<-18 have undergone mergers since z=1. When applied to redshift surveys of more distant galaxies, these techniques will yield the first robust estimates of evolution in the galaxy merger and accretion rates. [Abridged]Comment: 26 pages (including 10 postscript figures) plus 3 gif figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ. Paper (including full resolution images) also available at http://www.astro.utoronto.ca/~patton/ssrs2, along with associated pair classification experiment (clickable version of Figure 5

Beyond the average: Detecting global singular nodes from local features in complex networks

Deviations from the average can provide valuable insights about the organization of natural systems. The present article extends this important principle to the systematic identification and analysis of singular motifs in complex networks. Six measurements quantifying different and complementary features of the connectivity around each node of a network were calculated, and multivariate statistical methods applied to identify singular nodes. The potential of the presented concepts and methodology was illustrated with respect to different types of complex real-world networks, namely the US air transportation network, the protein-protein interactions of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the Roget thesaurus networks. The obtained singular motifs possessed unique functional roles in the networks. Three classic theoretical network models were also investigated, with the Barab\'asi-Albert model resulting in singular motifs corresponding to hubs, confirming the potential of the approach. Interestingly, the number of different types of singular node motifs as well as the number of their instances were found to be considerably higher in the real-world networks than in any of the benchmark networks

Taxa de excreção urinária de albumina e taxa de filtração glomerular em pacientes com diabetes tipo 2 e apenas um rim

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the urinary albumin excretion rate and the glomerular filtrationrate of single-kidney type 2 diabetic patients and of single-kidney nondiabetic patients.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients who had only one kidney for at least 5 years,with no renal disease or hypertension at the time of the nephrectomy and with nocalculus or systemic disease at the time of the evaluation, were included in thiscontrolled cross-sectional study. A total of 20 single-kidney type 2 diabetic patients(eight men, age 62 ± 9 years; diabetes duration 8.5 ± 7 years), 17 single-kidneynondiabetic patients (two men, age 57 ± 13 years), and 184 type 2 diabetic patientswho were matched to the single-kidney diabetic group for age, sex and body massindex were studied. Urinary albumin excretion rate was measured byimmunoturbidimetry in timed 24-h sterile urine, and glomerular filtration rate wasdetermined by the 51CrEDTA single-injection method.RESULTS: Single-kidney type 2 diabetic patients presented a higher proportion (eightof 20; 40%) of microalbuminuria (urinary albumin excretion rate 20-200 mg/min)than single-kidney nondiabetic patients (three of 17; 17.6%) and type 2 diabetic patients(37 of 184; 20%). Single-kidney diabetic patients presented a higher proportion ofmacroalbuminuria (urinary albumin excretion rate &gt;200 mg/min; six of 20; 30%) thansingle-kidney nondiabetic patients (one of 17; 6%) but were similar to type 2 diabeticpatients (43 of 184; 23%). The glomerular filtration rates of normaoalbuminuric singlekidney nondiabetic patients (71.7 ± 21.4 ml × min-1 × 1.73 m-2 ) and single-kidney type2 diabetic patients (73.0 ± 21.5 ml × min-1 × 1.73 m-2 ) were similar but higher than theone-kidney glomerular filtration rate (GFR¸ 2) of the age-, sex-, and body massindex-matched normoalbuminiric type 2 diabetic patients (54.0 ± 11.6ml × min-1 ×1.73m-2).CONCLUSIONS: Increased GFR related to single-kidney status confers an increasedrisk of developing renal disease in the presence of diabetes.OBJETIVO: Avaliar a taxa de excreção urinária de albumina e a taxa defiltração glomerular em pacientes com apenas um rim e diabetes tipo 2 e empacientes não-diabéticos com apenas um rim. PACIENTES E MÉTODOS: Foi feito um estudo controlado, de cortetransversal. Este estudo incluiu pacientes que tivessem apenas um rim por,pelo menos, 5 anos, que não apresentaram doenças renais ou hipertensãoquando da nefroctomia, e que não tivessem cálculo ou doença sistêmicaquando da avaliação. Foram avaliados 20 pacientes com apenas um rim ediabetes tipo 2 (oito homens, idade 62 + 9 anos; duração da diabete 8,5 + 7anos), 17 pacientes não-diabéticos com apenas um rim (dois homens, idade57 + 13 anos), e 184 pacientes com diabetes tipo 2, que foram agrupadospor idade, sexo e índice de massa corporal com os pacientes diabéticoscom apenas um rim. A taxa de excreção urinária de albumina foi medida porimunoturbidimetria através de coletas de urina esterilizada obtidas a cada24 h. A taxa de filtração glomerular foi determinada pelo método 51Cr-EDTAde injeção única.RESULTADOS: Os pacientes com diabetes tipo 2 e apenas um rimapresentaram uma proporção maior (oito em 20; 40%) de microalbumnuria(taxa de excreção urinária de albumina 20-200 mg/min) do que os pacientesnão-diabéticos e com apenas um rim (três em 17; 17,6%) e do que ospacientes diabéticos do tipo 2 (37 em 184, 20%). Pacientes diabéticos comapenas um rim apresentaram uma proporção maior de macroalbuminuria(taxa de excreção urinária de albumina&gt;200 mg/min; seis em 20; 30%) doque os pacientes não-diabéticos e com apenas um rim (um em 17; 6%),mas semelhante à mesma proporção dos pacientes com diabetes tipo 2 (43em 184; 23%). As taxas de filtração glomerular dos pacientes não-diabéticose normoalbuminúricos com apenas um rim (71,7 + 21,4 ml x min-1 x 1,73m2), e de pacientes com diabetes tipo 2 e apenas um rim (73,0 + 21,5 ml x min1 x1,73m-2) foram semelhantes. No entanto, estas foram mais elevadas doque a taxa de filtração glomerular (TFR ¸ 2) dos pacientes com diabetes tipo2 e normoalbuminúricos, agrupados por idade, sexo e índice de massacorporal (54,0 + 11,6 ml x min-1 x 1,73m-2).CONCLUSÕES: Uma TFR elevada, associada à condição de um único rim,confere um aumento do risco de desenvolvimento de doença renal napresença de diabetes

Eficiência da utilização de fungicida na incidência de fumonisinas totais na cultura do milho.

Edição dos Anais do XVII Congresso Brasileiro de Sementes, Natal, 2011

What are the Best Hierarchical Descriptors for Complex Networks?

This work reviews several hierarchical measurements of the topology of complex networks and then applies feature selection concepts and methods in order to quantify the relative importance of each measurement with respect to the discrimination between four representative theoretical network models, namely Erd\"{o}s-R\'enyi, Barab\'asi-Albert, Watts-Strogatz as well as a geographical type of network. The obtained results confirmed that the four models can be well-separated by using a combination of measurements. In addition, the relative contribution of each considered feature for the overall discrimination of the models was quantified in terms of the respective weights in the canonical projection into two dimensions, with the traditional clustering coefficient, hierarchical clustering coefficient and neighborhood clustering coefficient resulting particularly effective. Interestingly, the average shortest path length and hierarchical node degrees contributed little for the separation of the four network models.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure

Prospecção de metodologia para extração protéica em gramíneas forrageiras compatível com análise proteômica.

O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar metodologias de extração de proteínas de Brachiaria, visando indicar aquela que proporciona a obtenção de extratos protéicos mais concentrados e livres de contaminantes

Avaliação dos parâmetros físicos do solo em sistema integração lavoura-pecuária implantado em pasto degradado.

Sistemas de manejo como a integração lavoura-pecuária são importantes na manutenção da estrutura física do solo, assim como na manutenção da porosidade no solo. Com esse trabalho objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do sistema integração lavoura-pecuária depois de implantado em pasto degradado através de parâmetros físicos do solo em diferentes profundidades. Foram avaliados, em Latossolo Vermelho, em três diferentes áreas (mata nativa, pastagem degradada e sistema integração lavoura pecuária após implantado em pasto degradado) parâmetros físicos do solo