A Presence- and Performance-Driven Framework to Investigate Interactive Networked Music Learning Scenarios

Cooperative music making in networked environments has been subject of extensive research, scientific and artistic. Networked music performance (NMP) is attracting renewed interest thanks to the growing availability of effective technology and tools for computer-based communications, especially in the area of distance and blended learning applications. We propose a conceptual framework for NMP research and design in the context of classical chamber music practice and learning: presence-related constructs and objective quality metrics are used to problematize and systematize the many factors affecting the experience of studying and practicing music in a networked environment. To this end, a preliminary NMP experiment on the effect of latency on chamber music duos experience and quality of the performance is introduced. The degree of involvement, perceived coherence, and immersion of the NMP environment are here combined with measures on the networked performance, including tempo trends and misalignments from the shared score. Early results on the impact of temporal factors on NMP musical interaction are outlined, and their methodological implications for the design of pedagogical applications are discussed

Caveolin-3 and Caveolin-1 interaction decreases channel dysfunction due to Caveolin-3 mutations

Caveolae constitute membrane microdomains where receptors and ion channels functionally interact. Caveolin-3 (cav-3) is the key structural component of muscular caveolae. Mutations in CAV3 lead to caveolinopathies, which result in both muscular dystrophies and cardiac diseases. In cardiomyocytes, cav-1 participates with cav-3 to form caveolae; skeletal myotubes and adult skeletal fibers do not express cav-1. In the heart, the absence of cardiac alterations in the majority of cases may depend on a conserved organization of caveolae thanks to the expression of cav-1. We decided to focus on three specific cav-3 mutations (Δ62-64YTT; T78K and W101C) found in heterozygosis in patients suffering from skeletal muscle disorders. We overexpressed both the WT and mutated cav-3 together with ion channels interacting with and modulated by cav-3. Patch-clamp analysis conducted in caveolin-free cells (MEF-KO), revealed that the T78K mutant is dominant negative, causing its intracellular retention together with cav-3 WT, and inducing a significant reduction in current densities of all three ion channels tested. The other cav-3 mutations did not cause significant alterations. Mathematical modelling of the effects of cav-3 T78K would impair repolarization to levels incompatible with life. For this reason, we decided to compare the effects of this mutation in other cell lines that endogenously express cav-1 (MEF-STO and CHO cells) and to modulate cav-1 expression with an shRNA approach. In these systems, the membrane localization of cav-3 T78K was rescued in the presence of cav-1, and the current densities of hHCN4, hKv1.5 and hKir2.1 were also rescued. These results constitute the first evidence of a compensatory role of cav-1 in the heart, justifying the reduced susceptibility of this organ to caveolinopathies

Nazione, popolo, nazionale-popolare. Una costellazione gramsciana

Nei Quaderni del carcere il concetto di nazionale-popolare indica in primo luogo l’avvenuta combinazione di due grandezze – la nazione e il popolo – come effetto del secolare sviluppo dello Stato moderno. Tale legame si realizza, per Gramsci, nel modo più pieno nella Francia rivoluzionaria, con l’assorbimento attivo delle masse contadine nel disegno politico giacobino e la loro trasformazione in base permanente dello Stato. Il nazionale-popolare indica dunque la necessità – vitale per il potere moderno – di far sì che i contadini, che rappresentano l’enorme maggioranza numerica della vita nazionale, da minacciosa forza sconosciuta si convertano in parte attiva della politica statale. A partire da questa combinazione o dalle forme del suo (parziale) fallimento si pongono nel mondo contemporaneo le questioni del popolo e della nazione, con le relative rappresentazioni ideologiche (populismo e nazionalismo) e la necessità di elaborare l’assimilazione e la funzionalizzazione delle masse popolari all’egemonia borghese nelle sue distinte declinazioni nazionali. I contributi raccolti in questo volume prendono in esame questa costellazione concettuale, esplorandone le varie dimensioni: storico-politica, artistico-letteraria e linguistico-educativa

A questão dos intelectuais em Gramsci

O artigo trata do desenvolvimento da análise do marxista italiano Antonio Gramsci contida nos Cadernos do cárcere acerca do conceito e da função dos intelectuais. Nosso objetivo é apresentar os principais elementos que conformam a função dos intelectuais no exercício e manutenção dos projetos hegemônicos de classe no capitalismo, bem como os processos que tornam possíveis uma atividade intelectual voltada para a construção de um novo projeto de hegemonia das classes subalternas. Aqui, vêm à tona os conceitos de senso comum, bom-senso, reforma intelectual e moral e, especialmente, a relação entre intelectuais e partido

Striatin knock out induces a gain of function of INa and impaired Ca2+ handling in mESC-derived cardiomyocytes

Aim: Striatin (Strn) is a scaffold protein expressed in cardiomyocytes (CMs) and alteration of its expression are described in various cardiac diseases. However, the alteration underlying its pathogenicity have been poorly investigated. Methods: We studied the role(s) of cardiac Strn gene (STRN) by comparing the functional properties of CMs, generated from Strn-KO and isogenic WT mouse embryonic stem cell lines. Results: The spontaneous beating rate of Strn-KO CMs was faster than WT cells, and this correlated with a larger fast INa conductance and no changes in If. Paced (2-8 Hz) Strn-KO CMs showed prolonged action potential (AP) duration in comparison with WT CMs and this was not associated with changes in ICaL and IKr. Motion video tracking analysis highlighted an altered contraction in Strn-KO CMs; this was associated with a global increase in intracellular Ca2+, caused by an enhanced late Na+ current density (INaL) and a reduced Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) activity and expression. Immunofluorescence analysis confirmed the higher Na+ channel expression and a more dynamic microtubule network in Strn-KO CMs than in WT. Indeed, incubation of Strn-KO CMs with the microtubule stabilizer taxol, induced a rescue (downregulation) of INa conductance toward WT levels. Conclusion: Loss of STRN alters CMs electrical and contractile profiles and affects cell functionality by a disarrangement of Strn-related multi-protein complexes. This leads to impaired microtubules dynamics and Na+ channels trafficking to the plasma membrane, causing a global Na+ and Ca2+ enhancement