Combate à lagarta do cartucho Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E.Smith, 1797), em plantação de milho

A corn field work was carried out in Tietê, State of São Paulo, Brazil in order to control the fall armyworm. The treatments, with four repetitions, and the quantities of active ingredients, per hectare, were as follows: A - check; B - bendiocarb, 250 g; C - hydrazone BTS 54439, 250 g ; D - trichlorfon, 250 g ; E - pyrethroid biphenthrin, 30 g ; F - pyrethroid FMC 65318, 30 g ; G - thiodicarb, 200 g ; H - triazophos, 200 g. The best results were obtained with pyrethroid FMC 65318, thiodicarb and pyrethroid biphenthrin.Com a finalidade de estudar o eleito de alguns defensivos químicos sobre a "lagarta do cartucho do milho" foi instalado o presente ensaio no "Campo de Produção de Mudas Tietê", da Coordenadoria de Assistência Técnica Integral (CATI), em Tietê, SP. Foram utilizados os seguintes tratamentos: A - testemunha; B- bendiocarbe, 250 g C- hidrazona BTS 54439, 250 g; D - triclorfom, 250 g; E - piretróide bifentrina (FMC 54800), 30 g; F- piretróide (FMC - 65318), 30 g; G - tiodicarbe, 200 g; H - triazofós, 200 g. As quantidades são de ingrediente ativo por hectare. Os tratamentos tiveram quatro repetições, em blocos ao acaso, com parcelas de 150 m² (cada tratamento, 600 m² ). Aos dois e nove dias da aplicação, os piretróides (FMC - 54800 (bifentrina) e FMC 65318) e tiodicarbe foram promissores

RICORS2040 : The need for collaborative research in chronic kidney disease

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a silent and poorly known killer. The current concept of CKD is relatively young and uptake by the public, physicians and health authorities is not widespread. Physicians still confuse CKD with chronic kidney insufficiency or failure. For the wider public and health authorities, CKD evokes kidney replacement therapy (KRT). In Spain, the prevalence of KRT is 0.13%. Thus health authorities may consider CKD a non-issue: very few persons eventually need KRT and, for those in whom kidneys fail, the problem is 'solved' by dialysis or kidney transplantation. However, KRT is the tip of the iceberg in the burden of CKD. The main burden of CKD is accelerated ageing and premature death. The cut-off points for kidney function and kidney damage indexes that define CKD also mark an increased risk for all-cause premature death. CKD is the most prevalent risk factor for lethal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the factor that most increases the risk of death in COVID-19, after old age. Men and women undergoing KRT still have an annual mortality that is 10- to 100-fold higher than similar-age peers, and life expectancy is shortened by ~40 years for young persons on dialysis and by 15 years for young persons with a functioning kidney graft. CKD is expected to become the fifth greatest global cause of death by 2040 and the second greatest cause of death in Spain before the end of the century, a time when one in four Spaniards will have CKD. However, by 2022, CKD will become the only top-15 global predicted cause of death that is not supported by a dedicated well-funded Centres for Biomedical Research (CIBER) network structure in Spain. Realizing the underestimation of the CKD burden of disease by health authorities, the Decade of the Kidney initiative for 2020-2030 was launched by the American Association of Kidney Patients and the European Kidney Health Alliance. Leading Spanish kidney researchers grouped in the kidney collaborative research network Red de Investigación Renal have now applied for the Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS) call for collaborative research in Spain with the support of the Spanish Society of Nephrology, Federación Nacional de Asociaciones para la Lucha Contra las Enfermedades del Riñón and ONT: RICORS2040 aims to prevent the dire predictions for the global 2040 burden of CKD from becoming true

Polyamines and microbiota in bicuspid and tricuspid aortic valve aortopathy

Polyamines are small aliphatic cationic molecules synthesized via a highly regulated pathway and involved in general molecular and cellular phenomena. Both mammalian cells and microorganisms synthesize polyamines, and both sources may contribute to the presence of polyamines in the circulation. The dominant location for microorganisms within the body is the gut. Accordingly, the gut microbiota probably synthesizes most of the polyamines in the circulation in addition to those produced by the mammalian host cells. Polyamines are mandatory for cellular growth and proliferation. Established evidence suggests that the polyamine spermidine prolongs lifespan and improves cardiovascular health in animal models and humans through both local mechanisms, involving improved cardiomyocyte function, and systemic mechanisms, including increased NO bioavailability and reduced systemic inflammation. Higher levels of polyamines have been detected in non-dilated aorta of patients affected by bicuspid aortic valve congenital malformation, an aortopathy associated with an increased risk for thoracic ascending aorta aneurysm. In this review, we discuss metabolism of polyamines and their potential effects on vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cell function in vascular pathology of the thoracic ascending aorta associated with bicuspid or tricuspid aortic valve

Defensivos químicos no combate ao "ácaro rajado" Tetranychus urticae Koch, 1836, em algodão

Com o objetivo de se conhecer a ação de vários produtos químicos contra o ácaro rajado, principal praga algodão em diversas áreas do Estado de São Paulo, foi instalado campo de experimentação em Americana. A aplicação foi feita em 17.02.1984, por meio de atomizador costal de 12 litros de capacidade, à razão de 200 litros de água por hectare. Tratamentos: oito, com quatro repetições, em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso. Cada parcela (canteiro) media 150 m² (portanto, 600 m² por tratamento). A- testemunha; B - triazofós, 300 g; C - monocrotofós, 600 g; D- bifentrina, 55 g; E - fempropatrina , 150 g; - bifentrina, 60 g; G - binapacril, 800 g; H- clofentezina, 750 g. As quantidades citadas acima são de ingre diente ativo por hectare. Os melhores foram a clofentezina e a bifentrina (Quadros II e III).A field test was carried out in Americana, State of São Paulo, Brazil, to evaluate the control of the "two spotted spider mite", the main pest on cotton in that area. The treatments were eitht with four repetitions (each repetition ocupied 150 m² and each treatment, 600 m²). The treatments and active ingredients per hectare were as follows: A) check; B) triazophos, 300 g; C) monocrotophos, 600 g; D) biphenthrin, 55 g; E) fenpropathrin, 150 g; F) biphenthrin, 60 g; G) binapacryl, 800 g; H) clofentezine, 750 g. Five counts of the mite were made: the first, three days before the spray and 01, 05, 08 and 13 days after spraying. The best results were obtained with biphenthrin and binapacryl (05 days); biphenthrin and clofentezine (08 days) and clofentezine (13 days)

Resultados de combate ao "ácaro rajado" Tetranychus urticae koch, 1836, em algodoeiro

Devido aos grandes prejuízos causados pelo "ácaro rajado" 'Tetranychus urticaKoch, 1836, ã cotonicu1tura brasileira , foi realizado o presente trabalho. Vários produtos foram experimentados ,totalizando oito tratamentos: clofentezina (25O e 750 g/ha com uma aplicação cada e 25O g/ha com duas aplicações), fempropatrina (75 e 150 g/ha), binapacril (800 g/ha), cipermetrina + profenofós (50 g + 500 g/ha) e testemunha. A análise dos resultados mostra que as três dosagens de clofentezina constituíram os únicos tratamentos viáveis desta seleção, apresentando ótimos resultados contra o ácaro e efeito residual relativamente longo.This test was carried out in Santa Bárbara D' Oeste, State of São Paulo, Brazil, to evaluate the action of seven pesticides against the two-spotted spider mite. The treatments were eight with four repetitions. Each treatment utilized 800 m² and had the following characteristics: A - check; B - clofentezine, 250 g; C - f enpropathr in, 150 g; D - binapacryl, 800 g; E cypermethrin plus profenofos, 50 g plus 500 g; F clofentezi ne, 750 g; G - clofentezine , 250 g; H - fenpropathrin, 75 g. The quantities of pesticides above were of active ingredient per hectare. Except in the treatment B, where two applications of clofentezine was performed, all other treatments received only one spray. Endosulfan was added to the experimental pesticides in order to control the cotton boll weevil. The best results were obtained in the treatments that employed clofentezine (treatments B, F and G)