Ewing Sarcoma Displaying Extensive Well Differentiated Neuroblastomatous Differentiation: A Case Report

Introduction A tumor with EWSR1/FLI fusion displaying extensive well differentiated neuroblastomatous differentiation is presented. Case report A nine-year-old female patient had a thoracic vertebra 8 paraspinal mass. The lesion was resected incompletely. Histopathologically, a small round cell tumor with gangliomatous differentiation was seen. This was initially diagnosed as an intermixed ganglioneuroblastoma. In the completion surgery biopsy material, the small round cell component was more prominent. Immunohistochemistry for both samples showed membrane positivity for CD99 and nuclear positivity for NKX2.2 in the small round cell component of the tumor. Molecular analysis revealed EWSR1/FLI fusion. The diagnosis then considered a "Ewing Sarcoma Displaying Extensive Well Differentiated Neuroblastomatous Differentiation". Conclusion Tumors with the EWSR1/FLI fusion may show neuroblastomatous differentiation. We chose to treat this as an Ewing Sarcoma (ES). Recognition of this phenomenon in ES cases may prevent a possible misinterpretation and a failure in oncologic treatment

Mammary pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia composed of predominantly giant cells: An unusual variant

Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH) is a benign proliferative lesion of mammarian stroma that presents as a localized mass. We describe the clinical, radiologic, cytologic, and histopathologic features of a case of PASH with giant cells that presented as a rapidly growing localized mass in the breast in a 32-year-old woman. An unusual feature of our case was the presence of multinucleated giant cells lining pseudovascular spaces and dispersing in collagenous stroma. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second case in the English literature and PASH with predominance of multinucleated giant cells has never been described previously in a female patient

Occult papillary thyroid carcinoma: prevalence at autopsy in Turkish people

The epidemiological features of occult papillary thyroid carcinoma (OPTC) at autopsy have not previously been reported in Turkish people. This study provides data on the prevalence of OPTC in people from the Marmara region in Turkey. The study includes thyroid glands from 93 male and 15 female cadavers between 18 and 80 years of age. The thyroid glands were removed, fixed and sectioned at 2-mm intervals. The sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and were examined by a single pathologist. A total of 108 thyroid glands were examined. Macroscopic lesions were found in 36 (33.3%) glands (95% confidence interval = 24-42). OPTC was found in four (3.7%) cases (95% confidence interval = 1.0-7.5). It was concluded that in the Turkish people from the Marmara region, the prevalence of OPTC found at autopsy was relatively low. No age or sex predilection was detected. European Journal of Cancer Prevention 20:308-312 (C) 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Xanthogranulomatous sialadenitis clinically mimicking a malignancy: case report and review of the literature

Background Xanthogranulomatous tissue reaction is a welldocumented process that is most common in kidney. There are other uncommon sites being documented as case reports in the literature. We would like to describe the clinicopathologic findings in a case of xanthogranulomatous sialadenitis that involved the parotid gland, which was clinically thought to be a tumoral mass, and compare it with the 4 previously reported cases

Female genital system tuberculosis: a retrospective clinicopathological study of 1,548 cases in Turkish women

WOS: 000306418100017PubMed ID: 22410957The incidence of tuberculosis (TB) has increased worldwide in the past decade and it still remains an important global public health problem. A retrospective clinicopathological study of 1,548 cases of female genital tuberculosis between 1940 and 2011 was conducted. The mean age of the cases was 29.49 years. Involvement of the endometrium was noted in 1,073, fallopian tubes in 164, cervix in 157, and 154 had multiple organ involvement. Clinically, 115 cases (7.4%) were diagnosed as having primary infertility and 12 cases (0.8%) as having secondary infertility. There was a coexistent carcinoma in 1.5% of the cases. Peritoneal tuberculosis in 21 cases and tuberculous lymphadenitis in 7 cases were seen as well. The clinicopathological criteria of female genital tuberculosis in the different organs are described, and special attention is paid to infertility associated with tuberculous lesion, and awareness of the fact that the disease is still with us is thus particularly important

Expression of cyclooxygenase-2, c-kit, progesterone and estrogen receptors in uterine smooth muscle tumors: differential diagnosis

We examined the expression pattern of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and c-kit in uterine smooth muscle neoplasms and tried to determine the role of these markers in differential diagnosis. Archival tissue from 64 patients with uterine smooth muscle neoplasms (20 leiomyomas (LMs), 22 atypical leiomyomas (ALMs), and 22 leiomyosarcomas (LMSs)) was immunostained with antibodies against estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR), COX-2 and c-kit. 7 of 20 LM cases and 5 of 22 ALM cases were immunopositive for COX-2, whereas none of the LMS cases stained immunopositive (p <= 0.05). 4 of 20 LM cases and 5 of 22 ALM cases were immunopositive for c-kit, whereas 15 of 22 LMS cases showed c-kit immunopositivity (p <= 0.05). In conclusion, very few LMs and ALMs show COX-2 immunopositivity. LMSs usually do not express COX-2. COX-2 expression in smooth muscle tumors is not a prominent feature. Therefore, COX-2 inhibitors may not be useful in LMS therapy. C-kit was significantly expressed in uterine LMSs

Endometrial Staining of CD56 (Uterine Natural Killer), BCL-6, and CD138 (Plasma Cells) Improve Diagnosis and Clinical Pregnancy Outcomes in Unexplained Infertility and Recurrent IVF Failures: Standardization of Diagnosis with Digital Pathology

In women with unexplained infertility (UI) and recurrent in vitro fertilization (IVF) failures, the etiology is often unclear. Endometrial immune perturbations and the use of immune markers associated with these dysregulations are of great interest in the diagnosis and treatment of UI. However, reliable biomarkers and standardized quantification methods are lacking. Here, to address endometrial immune dysregulation in UI patients with recurrent IVF failures, we performed endometrial tissue sampling and immunostaining of CD56 (uNK), CD138, and BCL-6. Of these cases, 57.9% had positive CD56 in the endometrial stroma, while 46.1% had positive BCL-6 in the glandular epithelium, and 14.5% of the cases were found to be positive for CD138. Combined staining rates were 60.5%, 68.4%, and 71.05% for (CD56 or BCL-6), (CD56 or CD138), and (CD56, BCL-6, or CD138), respectively. There was a significant correlation between CD56 and BCL-6 positivity, while CD138 positivity was an independent parameter. After the recommended targeted therapy, pregnancy rates were found to increase from 58.5% to 61.6% and 73.8% in CD56-positive, (CD56- or BCL-6-positive), and (CD56-, BCL-6-, or CD138-positive) cases, respectively. Notably, a retrospective evaluation of digital pathology and light microscopy results showed a significant correlation. This study suggests that the examination of CD56, BCL-6, and CD138 in the same endometrial sample may be an effective method in determining the etiology of UI and reaching an early diagnosis and treatment options. Moreover, digital pathology can be used in the evaluation of CD56 and BCL-6 to provide objective, rapid, and reliable results