2,078 research outputs found
Impurities and electronic localization in graphene bilayers
We analyze the electronic properties of bilayer graphene with Bernal stacking
and a low concentration of adatoms. Assuming that the host bilayer lies on top
of a substrate, we consider the case where impurities are adsorbed only on the
upper layer. We describe non-magnetic impurities as a single orbital hybridized
with carbon's pz states. The effect of impurity doping on the local density of
states with and without a gated electric field perpendicular to the layers is
analyzed. We look for Anderson localization in the different regimes and
estimate the localization length. In the biased system, the field induced gap
is partially filled by strongly localized impurity states. Interestingly, the
structure, distribution and localization length of these states depend on the
field polarization.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figure
Nonlinear Performance of BAW Filters Including BST Capacitors
This paper evaluates the nonlinear effects occurring in a bulk acoustic wave (BAW) filter which includes barium strontium titanate (BST) capacitors to cancel the electrostatic capacitance of the BAW resonators. To do that we consider the nonlinear effects on the BAW resonators by use of a nonlinear Mason model. This model accounts for the distributed nonlinearities inherent in the materials forming the resonator. The whole filter is then implemented by properly connecting the resonators in a balanced configuration. Additional BST capacitors are included in the filter topology. The nonlinear behavior of the BST capacitors is also accounted in the overall nonlinear assessment. The whole circuit is then used to evaluate its nonlinear behavior. It is found that the nonlinear contribution arising from the ferroelectric nature of the BST capacitors makes it impractical to fulfill the linearity requirements of commercial filters
Filtenna Integration Achieving Ideal Chebyshev Return Losses
This paper demonstrates that it is possible to find an ideal filter response (Chebyshew, Butterworth,..) considering the antenna as the last resonator of a filter under certain circumstances related with the antenna performance and the bandwidth of the filtenna device. If these circumstances are not accomplished, we can achieve excellent performance as well, by means of an iterative process the goal of which is defined by either a filter mask or a classical filter function itself. The methodology is based on the conventional coupling matrix technique for filter design and has been validated by fabricating a microstrip prototype using hairpin resonators and a rectangular patch antenna
Bilayer graphene under pressure: Electron-hole Symmetry Breaking, Valley Hall Effect, and Landau Levels
The electronic structure of bilayer graphene under pressure develops very
interesting features with an enhancement of the trigonal warping and a
splitting of the parabolic touching bands at the K point of the reciprocal
space into four Dirac cones, one at K and three along the T symmetry lines. As
pressure is increased, these cones separate in reciprocal space and in energy,
breaking the electron-hole symmetry. Due to their energy separation, their
opposite Berry curvature can be observed in valley Hall effect experiments and
in the structure of the Landau levels. Based on the electronic structure
obtained by Density Functional Theory, we develop a low energy Hamiltonian that
describes the effects of pressure on measurable quantities such as the Hall
conductivity and the Landau levels of the system.Comment: 11 pages, 9 figure
High-precision analysis of binary stars with planets. I. Searching for condensation temperature trends in the HD 106515 system
We explore the probable chemical signature of planet formation in the
remarkable binary system HD 106515. The A star hosts a massive long-period
planet with 9 MJup detected by radial velocity. We also refine stellar and
planetary parameters by using non-solar-scaled opacities when modeling the
stars. Methods. We carried out a simultaneous determination of stellar
parameters and abundances, by applying for the first time non-solar-scaled
opacities in this binary system, in order to reach the highest possible
precision. Results. The stars A and B in the binary system HD 106515 do not
seem to be depleted in refractory elements, which is different when comparing
the Sun with solar-twins. Then, the terrestrial planet formation would have
been less efficient in the stars of this binary system. Together with HD
80606/7, this is the second binary system which does not seem to present a
(terrestrial) signature of planet formation, and hosting both systems an
eccentric giant planet. This is in agreement with numerical simulations, where
the early dynamical evolution of eccentric giant planets clear out most of the
possible terrestrial planets in the inner zone. We refined the stellar mass,
radius and age for both stars and found a notable difference of 78% in R
compared to previous works. We also refined the planet mass to mp sini = 9.08
+/- 0.20 MJup, which differs by 6% compared with literature. In addition, we
showed that the non-solar-scaled solution is not compatible with the classical
solar-scaled method, and some abundance differences are comparable to NLTE or
GCE effects specially when using the Sun as reference. Then, we encourage the
use of non-solar-scaled opacities in high-precision studies such as the
detection of Tc trends.[abridged]Comment: 9 pages, 10 figures, A&A accepted. arXiv admin note: text overlap
with arXiv:1507.0812
Autonomy and sustainability: an integrated analysis of the development of new approaches to agrosystem management in family-based farming in carnaubais territory, Piauí, Brazil.
This paper seeks to analyze an endogenous development scheme implemented by farming families, involving innovations in the organic production of watermelons; this was a novel local initiative reflecting the creative drive of the farmers themselves, against a background marked by considerable political and institutional uncertainty. The scheme was evaluated in terms of a set of systemic properties measured by multidimensional indicators for farming systems. Data on the selected indicators were collected by field observations, monitoring of production units, and direct semi-structured interviews with farmers. In general terms, the innovations prompted improvements in the various components of extensive environmental and social sustainability, enabling a more sustainable land use through chemical, physical and biological improvements to the soil in the farming systems studied, ensuring increased incomes and the maintenance of family employment, strengthening the farmers? resources and improving their control over resources, and reducing the degree of dependency in relations between the farming unit and the broader context
Experimental approval of the extended flat bands and gapped subbands in rhombohedral multilayer graphene
Graphene layers are known to stack in two stable configurations, namely ABA
or ABC stacking, with drastically distinct electronic properties. Unlike the
ABA stacking, little has been done to experimentally investigate the electronic
properties of ABC graphene multilayers. Here, we report the first magneto
optical study of a large ABC domain in a graphene multilayers flake, with ABC
sequences exceeding 17 graphene sheets. The ABC-stacked multilayers can be
fingerprinted with a characteristic electronic Raman scattering response, which
persists even at room temperatures. Tracing the magnetic field evolution of the
inter Landau level excitations from this domain gives strong evidence to the
existence of a dispersionless electronic band near the Fermi level,
characteristic of such stacking. Our findings present a simple yet powerful
approach to probe ABC stacking in graphene multilayer flakes, where this highly
degenerated band appears as an appealing candidate to host strongly correlated
states.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figure
Simultaneous Surface Plasmon Resonance and X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy
We present here an experimental set-up to perform simultaneously measurements
of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) in a
synchrotron beamline. The system allows measuring in situ and in real time the
effect of X-ray irradiation on the SPR curves to explore the interaction of
X-rays with matter. It is also possible to record XAS spectra while exciting
SPR in order to detect the changes in the electronic configuration of thin
films induced by the excitation of surface plasmons. Combined experiments
recording simultaneously SPR and XAS curves while scanning different parameters
can be carried out. The relative variations in the SPR and XAS spectra that can
be detected with this set-up ranges from 10-3 to 10-5, depending on the
particular experiment
Effects of the invasive aquatic snail Potamopyrgus antipodarum (Gray, 1853) on ecosystem properties and services
Ecosystems provide benefits to humans, including provisioning, regulating, and cultural services. However, invasive species can threaten ecosystem well-functioning and services provided. One invasive species with such potential is the New Zealand mud snail (NZMS) Potamopyrgus antipodarum. The aims of this study are focused on the quantitative review of (1) the NZMS impacts on ecosystem properties and their direct links with ecosystem services, and (2) the ecosystem services that can be affected by the NZMS. The high density reached by this species in most of the invaded ecosystems and its highly competitive ability affect ecosystem structure and functioning. However, some facilitation processes on native species may result in an improvement of some services. The NZMS tends to positively affect cultural services (88% positive cases) but negatively to provisioning services (77% of cases). Regarding, regulating and maintenance services, the proportions of positive and negative effects were similar (45% vs 36%, respectively). Therefore, the NZMS is a species with numerous negative impacts on ecosystem services. However, ecosystem services related to health (e.g., dilution effect against parasites) and research (e.g., biomonitoring) are cultural services that the NZMS can improve. No economic assessment of the impacts of the NZMS is available in the literature
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