Errores de prescripción en gestantes atendidas en el servicio de farmacia del E. S. I-4 Castilla, junio - diciembre 2022

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar el porcentaje de detección de errores de prescripción según: datos del paciente, del medicamento, del prescriptor y de la legibilidad de la receta en gestantes atendidas en el servicio de farmacia del E. S. I-4 Castilla en el periodo junio a diciembre de 2022. Para tal estudio se realizó una investigación descriptiva, observacional y transversal que incluyó como población 234 recetas con errores de prescripción detectados. Los resultados demostraron errores de prescripción en: según datos del paciente en la omisión de nombre del paciente (63.2%), sin número de historia clínica (75.6%); según datos del medicamento, no consignar el nombre del medicamento en DCI (67.9%), omisión en la vía de administración en un(32.9%); así como también en los datos del prescriptor, sin nombre del médico (15.8%), sin número de colegiatura y sin sello y firma del prescriptor (9.4%) y; según legibilidad de la receta, en el uso de abreviaturas no aprobadas (41.9%) y recetas ilegibles (9.4%). Se concluyó que los errores de prescripción más frecuentes fueron no consignar el nombre del paciente, no colocar el nombre de los medicamentos prescritos en DCI, no colocar el nombre del médico y utilizar abreviaturas no aprobadas.Tesi

Tracking the physicochemical stability of teduglutide (Revestive®) clinical solutions over time in different storage containers

Hospital condition; Long-term stability study; TeduglutideCondició hospitalària; Estudi d'estabilitat a llarg termini; TeduglutidaCondición hospitalaria; Estudio de estabilidad a largo plazo; TeduglutidaTeduglutide, the active ingredient of the medicine Revestive® (5 mg), is a recombinant therapeutic peptide that mimics the effects of the endogenous glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2). It stimulates intestinal growth, adaptation and function in patients with Short Bowel Syndrome who are dependent on parenteral nutrition. The Summary of Product Characteristics recommends immediate use of the reconstituted solutions and the discarding of any subsequent surplus. This study aims to carry out a long-term stability study that reproduces hospital conditions of use which provide sound evidence regarding the use of teduglutide surplus beyond the Summary Product Characteristics recommendations. We conducted a stability study of teduglutide solutions prepared from a 5 mg vial of Revestive®. Some of the solutions were stored in their original vial after reconstitution, while others were repackaged in plastic syringes to evaluate their physicochemical stability over time. For this purpose, we applied a set of previously validated analytical methodologies to evaluate the main critical quality attributes of teduglutide, i.e., primary (including post-tralational modifications), secondary and tertiary structures, aggregates, particulate, concentration and pH. The results indicate that the solutions maintain high physicochemical stability over time, regardless of the storage temperature (4ºC or −20ºC) or the storage container (vials or syringes). This research provides new data on the stability of Revestive® that will be of great value to hospital pharmacists. This comprehensive assessment of the physicochemical long-term stability of TGT has demonstrated that under the storage conditions and over the period studied here, the medicine maintains its quality, efficacy and safety profiles.Fundación Andaluza de Farmacia Hospitalaria (Spain); Hospital Paediatrics Pharmacy Unit of the Hospital Vall d′ Hebron (Barcelona, Spain); Junta de Andalucia (Spain), Universidad de Granada (Spain)

Enzymatic dynamic kinetic resolution of racemic N-formyl- and N-carbamoyl-amino acids using immobilized L-N-carbamoylase and N-succinyl-amino acid racemase.

Taking advantage of the catalytic promiscuity of L-carbamoylase from Geobacillus stearothermophilus CECT43 (BsLcar) and N-succinyl-amino acid racemase from Geobacillus kaustophilus CECT4264 (GkNSAAR), we have evaluated the production of different optically pure L-α-amino acids starting from different racemic N-formyl- and N-carbamoyl-amino acids using a dynamic kinetic resolution approach. The enzymes were immobilized on two different solid supports, resulting in improved stability of the enzymes in terms of thermostability and storage when compared to the enzymes in solution. The bienzymatic system retained up to 80 % conversion efficiency after 20 weeks at 4 °C and up to 90 % after 1 week at 45 °C. The immobilization process also resulted in a great enhancement of the activity of BsLcar toward N-formyl-tryptophan, showing for the first time that substrate specificity of L-carbamoylases can be influenced by this approach. The system was effective for the biosynthesis of natural and unnatural L-amino acids (enantiomeric excess (e.e.) >99.5 %), such as L-methionine, L-alanine, L-tryptophan, L-homophenylalanine, L-aminobutyric acid, and L-norleucine, with a higher performance toward N-formyl-α-amino acid substrates. Biocatalyst reuse was studied, and after 10 reaction cycles, over 75 % activity remained.post-print1047 K

Comprehensive physicochemical characterization of a peptide-based medicine: Teduglutide (Revestive®) structural description and stress testing

Physico-chemical characterization; Stress testing; TeduglutideCaracterització fisicoquímica; Proves d'estrès; TeduglutidaCaracterización físicoquímica; Pruebas de estrés; TeduglutidaTeduglutide (Revestive®) is a glucagon-like peptide-2 analogue used for the treatment of short bowel syndrome, a rare life-threatening condition in which the amount of functional gut is too short to enable proper absorption of nutrients and fluids. During handling prior to administration to the patient in hospital, it is possible that peptide-based medicines may be exposed to environmental stress conditions that could affect their quality. It is therefore essential to carry out stress testing studies to evaluate how such medicines respond to these stresses. For this reason, in this paper we present a strategy for a comprehensive analytical characterization of a peptide and a stress testing study in which it was subjected to various stress conditions: heating at 40 °C and 60 °C, light exposure and shaking. Several complementary analytical techniques were used throughout this study: Far UV circular dichroism, intrinsic protein fluorescence spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, size-exclusion chromatography and intact and peptide mapping reverse-phase chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to offer an in-depth description of the chemical structure of teduglutide peptide and its physicochemical characteristics after stress stimuli were applied to the reconstituted medicine Revestive®.This study was funded by own funds from TEC01 (Ibs. Granada) and FQM-118 (University of Granada) research groups from University of Granada, and by the Hospital Paediatrics Pharmacy Unit of the Hospital Vall d’ Hebron (Barcelona, Spain), which supplied all the medicine samples. Raquel Pérez-Robles currently holds a postdoctoral position granted by the Junta de Andalucía, Spain (ref: DOC_01694). Jesús Hermosilla is currently benefiting from a research contract (Project ref: P20_01029) from the Junta de Andalucía (Spain) and European Regional Development Funds. Anabel Torrente-López is currently receiving an FPU predoctoral grant (ref.: FPU18/03131) from the Ministry of Universities, Spain. The authors would like to thank the two reviewers of this work for their feedback in revising this paper, which has resulted in a significant improvement of it. Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Granada / CBUA

EN-thinking (entrepreneurial thinking) - English Studies Matter!

Este proyecto de innovación busca proporcionar un ejemplo de aplicación práctica del desarrollo de habilidades de pensamiento crítico y emprendimiento en las Humanidades y, en concreto, en el Grado de Estudios Ingleses (área de Literatura)

Activation of Neurogenesis in Multipotent Stem Cells Cultured In Vitro and in the Spinal Cord Tissue After Severe Injury by Inhibition of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3

The inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) can induce neurogenesis, and the associated activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling via GSK-3 inhibition may represent a means to promote motor function recovery following spinal cord injury (SCI) via increased astrocyte migration, reduced astrocyte apoptosis, and enhanced axonal growth. Herein, we assessed the effects of GSK-3 inhibition in vitro on the neurogenesis of ependymal stem/progenitor cells (epSPCs) resident in the mouse spinal cord and of human embryonic stem cell-derived neural progenitors (hESC-NPs) and human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitors (hiPSC-NPs) and in vivo on spinal cord tissue regeneration and motor activity after SCI. We report that the treatment of epSPCs and human pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitors (hPSC-NPs) with the GSK-3 inhibitor Ro3303544 activates β-catenin signaling and increases the expression of the bIII-tubulin neuronal marker; furthermore, the differentiation of Ro3303544-treated cells prompted an increase in the number of terminally differentiated neurons. Administration of a water-soluble, bioavailable form of this GSK-3 inhibitor (Ro3303544-Cl) in a severe SCI mouse model revealed the increased expression of bIII-tubulin in the injury epicenter. Treatment with Ro3303544-Cl increased survival of mature neuron types from the propriospinal tract (vGlut1, Parv) and raphe tract (5-HT), protein kinase C gamma-positive neurons, and GABAergic interneurons (GAD65/67) above the injury epicenter. Moreover, we observed higher numbers of newly born BrdU/DCX-positive neurons in Ro3303544-Cl-treated animal tissues, a reduced area delimited by astrocyte scar borders, and improved motor function. Based on this study, we believe that treating animals with epSPCs or hPSC-NPs in combination with Ro3303544-Cl deserves further investigation towards the development of a possible therapeutic strategy for SCI

DESHIDRATACIÓN OSMÓTICA MÉTODO ALTERNATIVO DE CONSERVACIÓN DE ALIMENTOS

La deshidratación osmótica es una técnica de deshidratación parcial de alimentos que consiste en la inmersión de los mismos en soluciones acuosas de solutos (azúcares y/o sales) de alta presión osmótica. El proceso de deshidratación osmótica se caracteriza por presentar dos etapas: una dinámica y otra de equilibrio. En la etapa dinámica las velocidades de transferencia de materia disminuyen hasta que se alcanza el equilibrio. El proceso osmótico termina cuando se alcanza este equilibrio, es decir, cuando la velocidad neta de transporte de materia se anula. El agua se elimina principalmente por difusión y flujo capilar, mientras que la impregnación del alimento con los solutos y la lixiviación de los componentes del alimento se producen solamente por difusión. Concluyendo que el uso de la deshidratación osmótica en la industria alimenticia como pretratamiento mejora la calidad del producto en términos de color, flavour y textura con un mínimo requerimiento energético ya que se realiza a bajas temperaturas

The effect of early life events on glucose levels in first-episode psychosis

First episode of psychosis (FEP) patients display a wide variety of metabolic disturbances at onset, which might underlie these patients' increased morbidity and early mortality. Glycemic abnormalities have been previously related to pharmacological agents; however, recent research highlights the impact of early life events. Birth weight (BW), an indirect marker of the fetal environment, has been related to glucose abnormalities in the general population over time. We aim to evaluate if BW correlates with glucose values in a sample of FEP patients treated with different antipsychotics. Two hundred and thirty-six patients were included and evaluated for clinical and metabolic variables at baseline and at 2, 6, 12, and 24 months of follow-up. Pearson correlations and linear mixed model analysis were conducted to analyze the data. Antipsychotic treatment was grouped due to its metabolic risk profile. In our sample of FEP patients, BW was negatively correlated with glucose values at 24 months of follow-up [r=-0.167, p=0.037]. BW showed a trend towards significance in the association with glucose values over the 24-month period (F=3.22; p=0.073) despite other confounders such as age, time, sex, body mass index, antipsychotic type, and chlorpromazine dosage. This finding suggests that BW is involved in the evolution of glucose values over time in a cohort of patients with an FEP, independently of the type of pharmacological agent used in treatment. Our results highlight the importance of early life events in the later metabolic outcome of patients

Gene Correction Recovers Phagocytosis in Retinal Pigment Epithelium Derived from Retinitis Pigmentosa-Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.

Hereditary retinal dystrophies (HRD) represent a significant cause of blindness, affecting mostly retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors (PRs), and currently suffer from a lack of effective treatments. Highly specialized RPE and PR cells interact mutually in the functional retina, therefore primary HRD affecting one cell type leading to a secondary HRD in the other cells. Phagocytosis is one of the primary functions of the RPE and studies have discovered that mutations in the phagocytosis-associated gene Mer tyrosine kinase receptor (MERTK) lead to primary RPE dystrophy. Treatment strategies for this rare disease include the replacement of diseased RPE with healthy autologous RPE to prevent PR degeneration. The generation and directed differentiation of patient-derived human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) may provide a means to generate autologous therapeutically-relevant adult cells, including RPE and PR. However, the continued presence of the MERTK gene mutation in patient-derived hiPSCs represents a significant drawback. Recently, we reported the generation of a hiPSC model of MERTK-associated Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) that recapitulates disease phenotype and the subsequent creation of gene-corrected RP-hiPSCs using Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9. In this study, we differentiated gene-corrected RP-hiPSCs into RPE and found that these cells had recovered both wild-type MERTK protein expression and the lost phagocytosis of fluorescently-labeled photoreceptor outer segments observed in uncorrected RP-hiPSC-RPE. These findings provide proof-of-principle for the utility of gene-corrected hiPSCs as an unlimited cell source for personalized cell therapy of rare vision disorders