Probing magnetic order in ultracold lattice gases

A forthcoming challenge in ultracold lattice gases is the simulation of quantum magnetism. That involves both the preparation of the lattice atomic gas in the desired spin state and the probing of the state. Here we demonstrate how a probing scheme based on atom-light interfaces gives access to the order parameters of nontrivial quantum magnetic phases, allowing us to characterize univocally strongly correlated magnetic systems produced in ultracold gases. This method, which is also nondemolishing, yields spatially resolved spin correlations and can be applied to bosons or fermions. As a proof of principle, we apply this method to detect the complete phase diagram displayed by a chain of (rotationally invariant) spin-1 bosons.Comment: published versio

A Perturbative Realization of Miransky Scaling

Near conformal dynamics is employed in different extensions of the standard model of particle interactions as well as in cosmology. Many of its interesting properties are either conjectured or determined using model computations. We introduce a relevant four dimensional gauge theory template allowing us to investigate such dynamics perturbatively. The gauge theory we consider is quantum chromodynamics with the addition of a meson-like scalar degree of freedom as well as an adjoint Weyl fermion. At the two-loop level, and in the Veneziano limit, we firmly establish the existence of several fixed points of which one is all directions stable in the infrared. An interesting feature of the model is that this fixed point is lost, within the perturbatively trustable regime, by merging with another fixed point when varying the number of quark flavors. We show the emergence of the Miransky scaling and determine its properties. We are also able to determine the walking region of the theory which turns out to be, at large number of colors, about 12% of the conformal window. Furthermore, we determine highly relevant quantities for near conformal dynamics such as the anomalous dimension of the fermion masses.Comment: 17 pages, 8 figure

Medea in Italian Culture: Music, Iconography, and Cinema

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Report on Costs, Cost‐Benefit Analysis and Case Studies

This report is structured as follows. In the third chapter, we present the approach we have taken to identify the potential benefits and set the methodological issues with estimating, ex ante, the impact of EuroCohort. We then identify a number of policy domains \u2013 areas of social policy that relate to, or might impact on, children and young people\u2019s wellbeing. Drawing on evidence of the policy impact of existing longitudinal and other large\u2010scale surveys, we provide an evidence\u2010based narrative of how and in what ways EuroCohort might affect the wellbeing of children and young people across Europe. In chapter 4 we move on to provide greater detail of how we have estimated the likely costs of delivering EuroCohort. We describe the research infrastructure necessary to run a survey that will take a quarter of a century to deliver, and will be undertaken in up to thirty countries across Europe (including countries that are members of the European Union, and some that are not). We set out costed estimates of this research infrastructure, and of the likely costs of each wave of the survey for each country likely to participate. Given the challenges of such ex ante estimates, and the scale of the undertaking, we also set out a series of clear limitations and caveats to our approach. In chapter 5, we set out the cost benefit analysis (CBA) for EuroCohort, using a breakeven approach. We explain the method adopted, the reasons for adopting this approach rather than a more traditional CBA method. We conclude this report with some implications for funders, for policy makers and for other stakeholders working in the field of child wellbeing\u2013 arising from this work and for the delivery of EuroCohort. The report is supported by two appendices. Appendix 1 presents five case studies of specific policy impacts of existing surveys and can be used to demonstrate the business case to national funders alongside national policy makers. Appendix 2 contains supplementary material to the CBA of chapter 5

Beyond the Landau Criterion for Superfluidity

According to the Landau criterion for superfluidity, a Bose-Einstein condensate flowing with a group velocity smaller than the sound velocity is energetically stable to the presence of perturbing potentials. We found that this is strictly correct only for vanishingly small perturbations. The superfluid critical velocity strongly depends on the strength and shape of the defect. We quantitatively study, both numerically and with an approximate analytical model, the dynamical response of a one-dimensional condensate flowing against an istantaneously raised spatially periodic defect. We found that the critical velocity $v_c$ decreases by incresing the strength of the defect $V_0$, up to to a critical value of the defect intensity where the critical velocity vanishes

An Intrisic Topology for Orthomodular Lattices

We present a general way to define a topology on orthomodular lattices. We show that in the case of a Hilbert lattice, this topology is equivalent to that induced by the metrics of the corresponding Hilbert space. Moreover, we show that in the case of a boolean algebra, the obtained topology is the discrete one. Thus, our construction provides a general tool for studying orthomodular lattices but also a way to distinguish classical and quantum logics.Comment: Under submission to the International Journal of Theoretical Physic

Evolution of entanglement after a local quench

We study free electrons on an infinite half-filled chain, starting in the ground state with a bond defect. We find a logarithmic increase of the entanglement entropy after the defect is removed, followed by a slow relaxation towards the value of the homogeneous chain. The coefficients depend continuously on the defect strength.Comment: 14 pages, 9 figures, final versio

REsiDENT 1 (Re-assessment of Appendicitis Evaluation during laparoscopic appendectomy: Do we End a Non-standardized Treatment approach and habit?): Peritoneal irrigation during laparoscopic appendectomy - Does the grade of contamination matter? A prospective multicenter resident-based evaluation of a new classification system

Background: Laparoscopic appendectomy has progressively gained acceptance as the standard of care for acute appendicitis. Focusing on the incidence of postoperative intra-abdominal abscess after a laparoscopic appendectomy, discordant data have been reported ranging from 1.5 to 20%. Besides, evidence advocating advantages from peritoneal irrigation over suction only are lacking. Most studies are burdened by a high level of heterogeneity regarding the severity of the appendicitis and modalities of peritoneal irrigation. One of the main drawbacks is the lack of an accepted classification for different degrees of appendicitis and peritoneal contamination. The aim of the study is to introduce a classification to clarify the relationship between grade of appendicitis, contamination, and postoperative incidence of IAA considering the surgeon's attitude toward irrigation or suction alone. Preoperative, intra-operative, and postoperative predictive factors for infectious complication will also be assessed. This study is meant to be the first Italian multicenter resident-based observational study. Methods: Patients suffering from acute appendicitis will be enrolled during a 1-year period, according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Participants will fill an online form reporting all clinical and intra-operative data of each patient undergoing a laparoscopic appendectomy. General surgery residents will be responsible for data collection. Our proposal of classification is based on the histological grade of appendicitis and intra-operative degree of peritoneal contamination. For each grade, a progressively increasing score is assigned. Discussion: The observational nature of this study is mandatory to examine surgeons' attitude toward peritoneal contamination during laparoscopic appendectomy for appendicitis. Identification of different severity grades of acute appendicitis and their relationship with the development of postoperative abscesses is necessary. The resulting classification and score, even considering peritoneal lavage or suction alone, will define risk classes of peri-appendiceal contamination each one related to a specific incidence rate of postoperative IAA. Nowadays, maximum effort should be made to reach the best procedural standardization and surgical decision-making should be supported by solid evidence, especially in an emergency surgery setting