Cyclin D 1‐induced proliferation is independent of beta‐catenin in H ead and N eck C ancer

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/106775/1/odi12124.pd

BACTERIAL ISOLATIONIN CANINE EAR INFECTIONS AND ITS ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la frecuencia de casos de otitis bacteriana en canes, las bacterias involucradas y su susceptibilidad a los antibacterianos, en base a muestras procesadas en un laboratorio de microbiología especializado en el campo veterinario en el periodo 2001-2006. Se emplearon 429 fichas de laboratorio. La bacteria de mayor frecuencia fue el Staphylococcus intermedius (27.7%), pero hubo otros agentes de importancia como Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus sp. y Staphylococcus sp. Las infecciones óticas fueron mayormente monomicrobianas (63.6%). En las pruebas de susceptibilidad por el método de Kirby-Bauer se encontró el mayor nivel de susceptibilidad de las bacterias a las quinolonas, aminoglucósidos, cefalosporinas y penicilinas combinadas con inhibidores de las betalactamasas; mientras que las penicilinas, sulfas, tetraciclinas, lincosamidas y macrólidos fueron los antimicrobianos de menor efectividad.The objective of the study was to determine the frequency of bacterial otitis cases indogs, the bacteria involved in the infection and the bacterial susceptibility to antibioticsin samples processed during 2001-2006 in a bacteriology laboratory specialized in theveterinary field. A total of 429 laboratory records were used. The most frequent isolatedbacteria was Staphylococcus intermedius (27.7%), but other important species were alsofound (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus sp. and Staphylococcus sp). Earinfections were mostly due to a single bacteria species (63.6%). In susceptibility testusing the Kirby-Bauer method the quinolones, aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, and penicillins combined with inhibitors of betalactamics showed better antimicrobial effect,while bacteria species showed high resistance to penicillin, sulpha, tetracyclines,macrolides and lincosamides

Astrobiological Complexity with Probabilistic Cellular Automata

Search for extraterrestrial life and intelligence constitutes one of the major endeavors in science, but has yet been quantitatively modeled only rarely and in a cursory and superficial fashion. We argue that probabilistic cellular automata (PCA) represent the best quantitative framework for modeling astrobiological history of the Milky Way and its Galactic Habitable Zone. The relevant astrobiological parameters are to be modeled as the elements of the input probability matrix for the PCA kernel. With the underlying simplicity of the cellular automata constructs, this approach enables a quick analysis of large and ambiguous input parameters' space. We perform a simple clustering analysis of typical astrobiological histories and discuss the relevant boundary conditions of practical importance for planning and guiding actual empirical astrobiological and SETI projects. In addition to showing how the present framework is adaptable to more complex situations and updated observational databases from current and near-future space missions, we demonstrate how numerical results could offer a cautious rationale for continuation of practical SETI searches.Comment: 37 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables; added journal reference belo

EFECTO DE UNA BACTERINA DE DOSIS ÚNICA CONTRA Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae SOBRE EL TÍTULO DE ANTICUERPOS, GANANCIA DE PESO Y LESIONES PULMONARES EN PORCINOS PROVENIENTES DE MADRES VACUNADAS

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar si la inmunización con bacterina de dosis única contra Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae afecta los títulos de anticuerpos, mejora la ganancia de peso, y disminuye las lesiones pulmonares en porcinos de crianza intensiva. Se emplearon 60 lechones provenientes de madres vacunadas, los cuales fueron divididos en 2 grupos de 30 lechones (15 hembras y 15 machos). Un grupo fue inmunizado a los 42 días de edad y el otro fue utilizado como control. Se tomaronmuestras de sangre a los 21, 42, 70, 84, 112 y 145 días para determinar el título de anticuerpos con la prueba de ELISA indirecta. Los lechones se pesaron a los 21 y 145 días de edad y las lesiones pulmonares se evaluaron al beneficio (145 días). Cerca del 60% de porcinos en ambos grupos presentaron títulos altos de anticuerpos a los 21 días de edad, disminuyendo hacia los 70 días. El grupo inmunizado elevó sus títulos entre los 84 y 145 días de edad y el grupo control los elevó hacia los 112 días de edad. No existió diferencia estadística significativa en la ganancia de peso de ambos grupos. El 79.3 (23/29) y 20.7% (6/29) del grupo control e inmunizado, respectivamente, presentaron lesiones pulmonares al beneficio. Se puede concluir que la inmunización con bacterina de dosis única contra M. hyopneumoniae elevó los títulos de anticuerpos de los porcinos inmunizados en gran parte de la población, y disminuyó el porcentaje de lesiones pulmonares al beneficio, pero no influyó en la ganancia de peso.The aim of the present study was to determine whether the immunization with a single dose of a commercial bacterin against Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae influences antibody titles, bodyweight gain, and lung lesions in a commercial pig farm. Sixty piglets born from vaccinated sows were used. One group of 30 piglets (15males and 15 females) were vaccinated at 42 days of age and the other group remained unvaccinated, as a control group. Blood sampleswere collected at 21, 42, 70, 84, 112, and 145 days of age to determine antibody titleswith an Indirect ELISAtest.Animalswereweighed at 21 and 145 days of age and lung lesions were evaluated at slaughter (145 days). Nearly60% of pigs from both groups had high antibody titres at 21 days of age, but decreased by day 70. Titres increased between 84 and 145 days of age in the vaccinated group while increased by day 112 in the unvaccinated group. There were no significant differences in body weight gain between both groups. The 79.3 and 20.7% of piglets from the control group and the vaccinated group respectively, presented lung lesions. The results showed that vaccination with a single dose bacterin against M. hyopneumoniae increased antibody titles, although not in the entire population, and diminished the frequency of lung lesions, but no influenced body weight gain

The origin of dust in galaxies revisited: the mechanism determining dust content

The origin of cosmic dust is a fundamental issue in planetary science. This paper revisits the origin of dust in galaxies, in particular, in the Milky Way, by using a chemical evolution model of a galaxy composed of stars, interstellar medium, metals (elements heavier than helium), and dust. We start from a review of time-evolutionary equations of the four components, and then, we present simple recipes for the stellar remnant mass and yields of metal and dust based on models of stellar nucleosynthesis and dust formation. After calibrating some model parameters with the data from the solar neighborhood, we have confirmed a shortage of the stellar dust production rate relative to the dust destruction rate by supernovae if the destruction efficiency suggested by theoretical works is correct. If the dust mass growth by material accretion in molecular clouds is active, the observed dust amount in the solar neighborhood is reproduced. We present a clear analytic explanation of the mechanism for determining dust content in galaxies after the activation of accretion growth: a balance between accretion growth and supernova destruction. Thus, the dust content is independent of the uncertainty of the stellar dust yield after the growth activation. The timing of the activation is determined by a critical metal mass fraction which depends on the growth and destruction efficiencies. The solar system formation seems to have occurred well after the activation and plenty of dust would have existed in the proto-solar nebula.Comment: 12 pages, 11 figure

Modelling Galaxies with a Multi-Phase ISM in 3d

We present a modified TREESPH code to model galaxies in 3d. The model includes a multi-phase description of the interstellar medium which combines two numerical techniques. A diffuse warm/hot gas phase is modelled by SPH while a sticky particle scheme is used to represent a cloudy medium. Interaction processes, such as star formation and feedback, cooling and mixing by condensation and evaporation, are taken into account. Here we apply our model to the evolution of a Milky Way type galaxy. After an initial stage, a quasi-equilibrium state is reached. It is characterised by a star formation rate of ~1 M_sun/year. Condensation and evaporation rates are in balance at 0.1-1 M_sun/year.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figures, Refereed contribution to the 5th Galactic Chemodynamics conference held in Swinburne, July 2003. Accepted for publication in PAS

Quantum Correlations in NMR systems

In conventional NMR experiments, the Zeeman energy gaps of the nuclear spin ensembles are much lower than their thermal energies, and accordingly exhibit tiny polarizations. Generally such low-purity quantum states are devoid of quantum entanglement. However, there exist certain nonclassical correlations which can be observed even in such systems. In this chapter, we discuss three such quantum correlations, namely, quantum contextuality, Leggett-Garg temporal correlations, and quantum discord. In each case, we provide a brief theoretical background and then describe some results from NMR experiments.Comment: 21 pages, 7 figure