Las imágenes de la Argentina peronista en la prensa franquista : (1945-1948)

El presente artículo recupera las imágenes y opiniones sobre la Argentina y el peronismo, que se proyectaron en la prensa franquista entre 1945 y 1948. Durante esos años las relaciones hispano-argentinas fueron sumamente estrechas. En un escenario internacional que repudiaba al franquismo, la dirigida prensa española construyó una imagen positiva de la Argentina peronista, uno de sus mejores aliados. Tanto la campaña electoral de 1945-1946 como los acontecimientos que sellaron la amistad entre Franco y Perón, fueron disparadores del estudio de la mirada periodística española sobre la política argentina.Fil: Cerrano, Carolina. Universidad de Navarr

Comparison between the sponge fauna living outside and inside the coralligenous bioconstruction. A quantitative approach

Coralligenous habitat results from a multi-stratified accumulation of crustose coralline algae and animal builders in a dynamic equilibrium with disruptive agents. The result is a complex architecture crossed by crevices and holes. Due to this three-dimensional structure, coralligenous may host a rich and diversified fauna, more abundant than any other Mediterranean habitat. Unfortunately, very few data are available about the cryptic fauna that lives inside the conglomerate. As already reported for coral reefs, the cryptic fauna plays an important role in the exchange of material and energy between water column and benthic assemblages. Here we compare the sponge community present inside and outside the coralligenous framework of Portofino Promontory (Ligurian Sea) at different depths (15 and 30 meters) not only in terms of taxonomic diversity but for the first time also in term of biomass. Sponges present on the surface of each block were collected, weighed and identified; after blocks dissolution in HCl, target cryptic sponges were separated from other organisms, weighed, and identified. We recorded a total of 62 sponge species. The average number of sponge taxa occurring outside the coralligenous accretions is lower than the number of taxa identified inside. This pattern is confirmed also regarding sponge biomass. These results underlines that studies focused on coralligenous functioning should take in account the important contribution of cryptic fauna, as recently evidenced also for tropical reef habitats

Las legitimidades –racional, carismática y tradicional– del peronismo

Segovia, Juan Fernando, La formación ideológica del peronismo. Perón y la legitimidad política (1943-1955), Córdoba, edición del copista, 2005, 294 pp

Symbiont diversity is not involved in depth acclimation in the Mediterranean sea whip Eunicella singularis

In symbiotic cnidarians, acclimation to depth and lower irradiance can involve physiological changes in the photosynthetic dinoflagellate endosymbiont, such as increased chlorophyll content, or qualitative modifications in the symbiont population in favour of better adapted strains. It has been argued that a lack of capacity to acquire new symbionts could limit the bathymetric distribution of the host species, or compromise its long-term survival in a changing environment. But is that always true? To address this question, we investigated the symbiont genetic diversity in Eunicella singularis, a Mediterranean sea whip species with a wide bathymetric distribution (10 to 50 m depth), which has recently suffered from mass mortalities after periods of abnormally high sea temperatures. We measured symbiont population densities and chlorophyll content in natural populations, and followed the response of the holobionts after reciprocal transplantations to deep and shallow depths. A total of 161 colonies were sampled at 2 depths (10 and 30 m) at 5 sites in the northwestern Mediterranean. All colonies harboured a single ribosomal Symbiodinium clade (A'), but a relatively high within-clade genetic diversity was found among and within colonies. This diversity was not structured by depth, even though the deeper colonies contained significantly lower population densities of symbionts and less chlorophyll. We did, however, reveal host-symbiont specificity among E. singularis and other Mediterranean cnidarian species. Transplantation experiments revealed a limit of plasticity for symbiont population density and chlorophyll content, which in turn questions the importance of the trophic role of Symbiodinium in E. singularis

De Rodríguez Larreta ao Livro Azul. Revisitando o triunfo eleitoral de Perón em 1946

This article examines –based on Uruguayan, US and Argentinean diplomatic documents– the controversy aroused in the American countries by the “proposal of multilateral intervention” of the Uruguayan Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Eduardo Rodríguez Larreta in November, 1945. The Department of State of the United States, participated in the incubation of this doctrine, as their defenders sponsored it. This was in fact what his contemporaries suspected, and the primary sources consulted for this work, verify that intuition. Moreover, the proposal was considered against Farrell’s and Peron’s dictatorship, which is somewhat true. This undertaking violated the “sacred” principle of non-intervention and put into consideration the exchange of views to make actions in those countries whose regimes violated the essential human rights, even if those countries did not commit external aggressions or direct threats against the international peace. This research illustrates how Larreta’s doctrine was another link in the process of the US involvement in the Argentinean electoral campaign of 1946 with the aim of curbing the nascent Peronism.Este artículo estudia –a partir de documentación diplomática uruguaya, estadounidense y argentina– la polémica que despertó en los países americanos la “propuesta de intervención multilateral” del canciller uruguayo Eduardo Rodríguez Larreta en noviembre de 1945. En la incubación de la doctrina, nombre apadrinado por sus defensores, participó el Departamento de Estado de Estados Unidos. Esta fue la sospecha de los contemporáneos, y las fuentes primarias consultadas en este trabajo verifican esa intuición. A su vez, la propuesta fue vista contra la dictadura de Edelmiro Farrell y Juan D. Perón, lo que en parte no deja de ser cierto. Una iniciativa que quebraba el “sagrado” principio de no intervención y que ponía en consideración el intercambio de opiniones para efectuar acciones en aquellos países cuyos regímenes violaran los derechos esenciales del hombre, por más que no cometieran agresiones externas o amenazas directas a la paz internacional. Esta investigación muestra cómo la doctrina Larreta fue un eslabón más en el proceso de involucramiento norteamericano en la campaña electoral argentina de 1946 para frenar al naciente peronismo. Este artigo estuda –a partir da documentação diplomática uruguaia, norte-americana e argentina– a polemica que iniciou, nos países americanos, a “proposta de intervenção multilateral” do Chanceler uruguaio Eduardo Rodríguez Larreta em novembro de 1945. Na incubação da doutrina, nome apadrinhado por seus defensores, participou o Departamento de Estado dos Estados Unidos. Esta foi a suspeita dos contemporâneos e as fontes primarias consultadas neste trabalho verificam essa intuição. Por sua vez, a proposta foi vista contra a ditadura de Edelmiro Farrell e Juan D. Perón, fato que não deixa de ser verídico. Uma iniciativa que quebrava o “sagrado” princípio de não intervenção e que punha em consideração o intercâmbio de opiniões para efetuar ações naqueles países cujos regimes violaram os direitos essenciais do homem por mais que não cometessem agressões externas ou ameaças diretas à paz internacional. Esta investigação mostra como a doutrina Larreta foi um elo a mais no processo de envolvimento norte-americano na campanha eleitoral argentina de 1946 para pôr freio ao nascente peronismo

High resolution orthomosaics of African coral reefs: a tool for wide-scale benthic monitoring

Coral reefs play a key role in coastal protection and habitat provision. They are also well known for their recreational value. Attempts to protect these ecosystems have not successfully stopped large-scale degradation. Significant efforts have been made by government and research organizations to ensure that coral reefs are monitored systematically to gain a deeper understanding of the causes, the effects and the extent of threats affecting coral reefs. However, further research is needed to fully understand the importance that sampling design has on coral reef characterization and assessment. This study examines the effect that sampling design has on the estimation of seascape metrics when coupling semi-autonomous underwater vehicles, structure-from-motion photogrammetry techniques and high resolution (0.4 cm) underwater imagery. For this purpose, we use FRAGSTATS v4 to estimate key seascape metrics that enable quantification of the area, density, edge, shape, contagion, interspersion and diversity of sessile organisms for a range of sampling scales (0.5 m × 0.5 m, 2 m × 2 m, 5 m × 5 m, 7 m × 7 m), quadrat densities (from 1–100 quadrats) and sampling strategies (nested vs. random) within a 1655 m2 case study area in Ponta do Ouro Partial Marine Reserve (Mozambique). Results show that the benthic community is rather disaggregated within a rocky matrix; the embedded patches frequently have a small size and a regular shape; and the population is highly represented by soft corals. The genus Acropora is the more frequent and shows bigger colonies in the group of hard corals. Each of the seascape metrics has specific requirements of the sampling scale and quadrat density for robust estimation. Overall, the majority of the metrics were accurately identified by sampling scales equal to or coarser than 5 m × 5 m and quadrat densities equal to or larger than 30. The study indicates that special attention needs to be dedicated to the design of coral reef monitoring programmes, with decisions being based on the seascape metrics and statistics being determined. The results presented here are representative of the eastern South Africa coral reefs and are expected to be transferable to coral reefs with similar characteristics. The work presented here is limited to one study site and further research is required to confirm the findings