Academy Expands Medical Forensic Care and Response

The Alaska Comprehensive Forensic Training Academy, the first of its kind in the nation, trains nurses and health care providers to support victims of interpersonal violence in a trauma-informed manner and to preserve potential evidence and information for future prosecutions

Underage Drinking: Research, Evaluation, and Related Efforts

Complete resources for the Minor Consuming Alcohol (MCA) Conference held April 4, 2014 at the Alaska Court System's Snowden Training Center can be found at https://tinyurl.com/mca-alaska. (Long link https://www.uaa.alaska.edu/academics/college-of-health/departments/justice-center/events/2014-events/2014-04-04.mca_conference.cshtml).This presentation summarizes existing research on and effort to reduce underage drinking in Alaska, emphasizing the value of research to assist in addressing minor consuming alcohol (MCA) enforcement and response.Today’s Topics / Student Alcohol Use in Alaska / Youth Alcohol Indicators Report / Licensees Who Furnish/Deliver Alcohol to Minor Charges & Dispositions in Alaska / Licensee Compliance Rates in Alaska (ABC) / Anchorage Underage Drinking Survey / Efforts and Policies to Reduce Underage Drinking / Contac

A Comparison of Self-Reported Pain Levels in Minimally-Shod vs Traditionally-Shod Runners

Please see the pdf version of the abstract

Hyperthermia-Induced Changes in EEG of Anesthetized Mice Subjected to Passive Heat Exposure

[Abstract] Currently, the role of hypothermia in electroencephalography (EEG) is well-established. However, few studies have investigated the effect of hyperthermia on EEG, an important physiological parameter governing brain function. The aim of this work was to determine how neuronal activity in anesthetized mice is affected when the temperature rises above the physiological threshold mandatory to maintain the normal body functions. In this study, a temperature-elevation protocol, from 37 to 42°C, was applied to four female mice of 2-3 months old while EEG was recorded simultaneously. We found that hyperthermia reduces EEG amplitude by 4.36% when rising from 37 to 38 degrees and by 24.33% when it is increased to 42 degrees. Likewise, increasing the body temperature produces a very large impact on the EEG spectral parameters, reducing the frequency power at the delta, theta, alpha, and beta bands. Our results show that hyperthermia has a global effect on the EEG, being able to change the electrical activity of the brain.This work was supported by the Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, BFU2017-82296-P. XUGA: Grupos de Referencia Competitiva (ED431C 2018/24)Xunta de Galicia; ED431C 2018/2

Techniques, Tricks, and Stratagems of Oral Cavity Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging

The oral cavity constitutes a complex anatomical area that can be affected by many devel-opmental, inflammatory, and tumoural diseases. MultiSlice Computed Tomography (MSCT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) currently represent the essential and complementary imaging techniques for detecting oral cavity abnormalities. Advanced MRI with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and dynamic contrast-enhanced perfusion-weighted imaging (DCE-PWI) has recently increased the ability to characterise oral lesions and distinguish disease recurrences from post therapy changes. The analysis of the oral cavity area via imaging techniques is also complicated both by mutual close appositions of different mucosal surfaces and metal artifacts from dental materials. Nevertheless, an exact identification of oral lesions is made possible thanks to dynamic manoeuvres and specific stratagems applicable on MSCT and MRI acquisitions. This study summarises the currently available imaging techniques for oral diseases, with particular attention to the role of DWI, DCE-PWI, and dynamic manoeuvres. We also propose MSCT and MRI acquisition protocols for an accurate study of the oral cavity area

The effect of divergent selection for intramuscular fat on the domestic rabbit genome

[EN] An experiment of divergent selection for intramuscular fat was carried out at Universitat Politecnica de Valencia. The high response of selection in intramuscular fat content, after nine generations of selection, and a multidimensional scaling analysis showed a high degree of genomic differentiation between the two divergent populations. Therefore, local genomic differences could link genomic regions, encompassing selective sweeps, to the trait used as selection criterion. In this sense, the aim of this study was to identify genomic regions related to intramuscular fat through three methods for detection of selection signatures and to generate a list of candidate genes. The methods implemented in this study were Wright's fixation index, cross population composite likelihood ratio and cross population - extended haplotype homozygosity. Genomic data came from the 9th generation of the two populations divergently selected, 237 from Low line and 240 from High line. A high single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) density array, Affymetrix Axiom OrcunSNP Array (around 200k SNPs), was used for genotyping samples. Several genomic regions distributed along rabbit chromosomes (OCU) were identified as signatures of selection (SNPs having a value above cut-off of 1%) within each method. In contrast, 8 genomic regions, harbouring 80 SNPs (OCU1, OCU3, OCU6, OCU7, OCU16 and OCU17), were identified by at least 2 methods and none by the 3 methods. In general, our results suggest that intramuscular fat selection influenced multiple genomic regions which can be a consequence of either only selection effect or the combined effect of selection and genetic drift. In addition, 73 genes were retrieved from the 8 selection signatures. After functional and enrichment analyses, the main genes into the selection signatures linked to energy, fatty acids, carbohydrates and lipid metabolic processes wereACER2, PLIN2, DENND4C, RPS6, RRAGA(OCU1),ST8SIA6, VIM(OCU16),RORA, GANCandPLA2G4B(OCU17). This genomic scan is the first study using rabbits from a divergent selection experiment. Our results pointed out a large polygenic component of the intramuscular fat content. Besides, promising positional candidate genes would be analysed in further studies in order to bear out their contributions to this trait and their feasible implications for rabbit breeding programmes.The authors thank Federico Pardo, Veronica Juste and Marina Morini for technical assistance. The work was funded by project AGL2014-55921-C2-1-P and AGL2017-86083-C2-P1 from National Programme for Fostering Excellence in Scientific and Technical Research - Project I+D. B. Samuel Sosa-Madrid was supported by a FPI grant from the Economy Ministry of Spain (BES-2015-074194).Sosa-Madrid, BS.; Varona, L.; Blasco Mateu, A.; Hernández, P.; Casto-Rebollo, C.; Ibáñez-Escriche, N. (2020). The effect of divergent selection for intramuscular fat on the domestic rabbit genome. Animal. 14(11):2225-2235. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731120001263S222522351411Beissinger, T. M., Rosa, G. J., Kaeppler, S. M., Gianola, D., & de Leon, N. (2015). Defining window-boundaries for genomic analyses using smoothing spline techniques. Genetics Selection Evolution, 47(1). doi:10.1186/s12711-015-0105-9Carneiro, M., Albert, F. W., Afonso, S., Pereira, R. J., Burbano, H., Campos, R., … Ferrand, N. (2014). The Genomic Architecture of Population Divergence between Subspecies of the European Rabbit. 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