AML-MO: Clinical entity or waste basket for immature blastic leukemias? A description of 14 patients

In the period from August 1991 to August 1994, the Dutch Slide Review Committee of Adult Leukemias classified 14 leukemias as AML-M0. We reviewed the clinical characteristics and response to therapy of these patients. Eight patients were male. Patients' age ranged from 7 to 77 years (medium age 62 years). There was a striking homogeneity in morphological appearance of the blasts, being small to medium-sized round cells with often an eccentric nucleus with fine chromatin, several distinct nucleoli, and a high nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio. In addition to myeloid-associated markers such as CD13 and CD33, the blasts of all patients were positive for CD34 and HLA-DR, pointing to their immature differentiation stage. TdT was present in the blasts of 71%, CD7 was positive in the blasts of 42% of the patients. No consistent cytogenetic abnormalities were found. With respect to the treatment outcome, four patients achieved a complete remission after remission-induction treatment. The median survival was 4.5 months. Our present study shows AML-M0 to be an immature leukemia, uniform in morphology and immunological phenotype, with no consistent cytogenetic phenotype and with a poor clinical outcome

The Association of Depression and Anxiety with Pain: A Study from NESDA

Prevention, Population and Disease management (PrePoD

Use of maltodextrin for enhancing or improving cognition and/or stimulating brain development

The invention concerns the use of a maltodextrin or a composition comprising thereof as the main source of carbohydrates in infant nutrition during the early childhood of a mammal for improving or enhancing cognitive performance and/or stimulating brain development

Use of maltodextrin for enhancing or improving cognition and/or stimulating brain development

The invention concerns the use of a maltodextrin or a composition comprising thereof as the main source of carbohydrates in infant nutrition during the early childhood of a mammal for improving or enhancing cognitive performance and/or stimulating brain development

Use of maltodextrin for enhancing or improving cognition and/or stimulating brain development

The invention concerns the use of a maltodextrin or a composition comprising thereof as the main source of carbohydrates in infant nutrition during the early childhood of a mammal for improving or enhancing cognitive performance and/or stimulating brain development

Event related potentials to digit learning: Tracking neurophysiologic changes accompanying recall performanceModelling of auditory evoked potentials of human sleep-wake states

The aim of this study was to track recall performance and event-related potentials (ERPs) across multiple trials in a digit-learning task. When a sequence is practiced by repetition, the number of errors typically decreases and a learning curve emerges. Until now, almost all ERP learning and memory research has focused on effects after a single presentation and, therefore, fails to capture the dynamic changes that characterize a learning process. However, the current study used a free-recall task in which a sequence of ten auditory digits was presented repeatedly. Auditory sequences of ten digits were presented in a logical order (control sequences) or in a random order (experimental sequences). Each sequence was presented six times. Participants had to reproduce the sequence after each presentation. EEG recordings were made at the time of the digit presentations. Recall performance for the control sequences was close to asymptote right after the first learning trial, whereas performance for the experimental sequences initially displayed primacy and recency effects. However, these latter effects gradually disappeared over the six repetitions, resulting in near-asymptotic recall performance for all digits. The performance improvement for the middle items of the list was accompanied by an increase in P300 amplitude, implying a close correspondence between this ERP component and the behavioral data. These results, which were discussed in the framework of theories on the functional significance of the P300 amplitude, add to the scarce empirical data on the dynamics of ERP responses in the process of intentional learning

Dietary Linoleic and a-Linolenic Acid Affect Anxiety-Related Responses and Exploratory Activity in Growing Pigs

Background: Growing evidence suggests that the dietary ratio of linoleic acid (LA) to a-linolenic acid (ALA), the precursors of arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), respectively, may affect behavior in mammals. Objective: This study aimed at evaluating the impact of dietary LA and ALA intake on behaviors of growing pigs, a pertinent model for human nutrition. Methods: At 7 wk of age, 32 pigs were allocated to 4 dietary treatments varying in daily intake of LA (1.3 and 2.6 g · kg body weight-0.75 · d-1 for low- and high-LA groups, respectively) and ALA (0.15 and 1.5 g · kg body weight-0.75 · d-1 for low- and high-ALA groups, respectively) for 4 wk. Between days 12 and 18, general behavior in the home pen was observed and pigs were subjected to an open field and novel object test. At 11 wk of age, brain fatty acid composition was analyzed. Results: Compared with high LA intake, low LA intake increased the time spent on exploration, particularly nosing in the home pen (P <0.05) and the open field (P <0.05), and tended to reduce the time spent lying with eyes open in the home pen (P = 0.09). Time spent lying with eyes open also tended to be affected by LA × ALA interaction (P = 0.08). A high-LA/high-ALA intake (ratio of 2; P <0.05) and a low-LA/high-ALA intake (ratio of 1; P = 0.06) decreased the latency to approach the novel object compared with a low-LA/low-ALA intake (ratio of 9). DHA in the frontal cortex was positively correlated with exploratory behaviors in the home pen (rs = 0.56, P <0.01), whereas AA was negatively correlated with time spent lying with eyes closed (rs = –0.48, P <0.01). Conclusions: Low LA intake and a low dietary LA:ALA ratio increased exploration and decreased anxiety-related behaviors in pigs. It is suggested that changes in brain DHA and AA induced by dietary LA and ALA intake mediate these behavioral changes