775 research outputs found
Interplay Between Yu-Shiba-Rusinov States and Multiple Andreev Reflections
Motivated by recent scanning tunneling microscopy experiments on single
magnetic impurities on superconducting surfaces, we present here a
comprehensive theoretical study of the interplay between Yu-Shiba-Rusinov bound
states and (multiple) Andreev reflections. Our theory is based on a combination
of an Anderson model with broken spin degeneracy and nonequilibrium Green's
function techniques that allows us to describe the electronic transport through
a magnetic impurity coupled to superconducting leads for arbitrary junction
transparency. Using this combination we are able to elucidate the different
tunneling processes that give a significant contribution to the subgap
transport. In particular, we predict the occurrence of a large variety of
Andreev reflections mediated by Yu-Shiba-Rusinov bound states that clearly
differ from the standard Andreev processes in non-magnetic systems. Moreover,
we provide concrete guidelines on how to experimentally identify the subgap
features originating from these tunneling events. Overall, our work provides
new insight into the role of the spin degree of freedom in Andreev transport
physics.Comment: 15 pages, 10 figure
Origin of Rashba-splitting in the quantized subbands at Bi2Se3 surface
We study the band structure of the topological
insulator (111) surface using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. We
examine the situation where two sets of quantized subbands exhibiting different
Rashba spin-splitting are created via bending of the conduction (CB) and the
valence (VB) bands at the surface. While the CB subbands are strongly Rashba
spin-split, the VB subbands do not exhibit clear spin-splitting. We find that
CB and VB experience similar band bending magnitudes, which means, a
spin-splitting discrepancy due to different surface potential gradients can be
excluded. On the other hand, by comparing the experimental band structure to
first principles LMTO band structure calculations, we find that the strongly
spin-orbit coupled Bi 6 orbitals dominate the orbital character of CB,
whereas their admixture to VB is rather small. The spin-splitting discrepancy
is, therefore, traced back to the difference in spin-orbit coupling between CB
and VB in the respective subbands' regions
Unusual electronic ground state of a prototype cuprate: band splitting of single CuO_2-plane Bi_2 Sr_(2-x) La_x CuO_(6+delta)
By in-situ change of polarization a small splitting of the Zhang-Rice singlet
state band near the Fermi level has been resolved for optimum doped (x=0.4)
BiSrLaCuO at the (pi,0)-point (R.Manzke et al.
PRB 63, R100504 (2001). Here we treat the momentum dependence and lineshape of
the split band by photoemission in the EDC-mode with very high angular and
energy resolution. The splitting into two destinct emissions could also be
observed over a large portion of the major symmetry line M, giving the
dispersion for the individual contributions. Since bi-layer effects can not be
present in this single-layer material the results have to be discussed in the
context of one-particle removal spectral functions derived from current
theoretical models. The most prominent are microscopic phase separation
including striped phase formation, coexisting antiferromagnetic and
incommensurate charge-density-wave critical fluctuations coupled to electrons
(hot spots) or even spin charge separation within the Luttinger liquid picture,
all leading to non-Fermi liquid like behavior in the normal state and having
severe consequences on the way the superconducting state forms. Especially the
possibilty of observing spinon and holon excitations is discussed.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Tracking primary thermalization events in graphene with photoemission at extreme timescales
Direct and inverse Auger scattering are amongst the primary processes that
mediate the thermalization of hot carriers in semiconductors. These two
processes involve the annihilation or generation of an electron-hole pair by
exchanging energy with a third carrier, which is either accelerated or
decelerated. Inverse Auger scattering is generally suppressed, as the
decelerated carriers must have excess energies higher than the band gap itself.
In graphene, which is gapless, inverse Auger scattering is instead predicted to
be dominant at the earliest time delays. Here, femtosecond
extreme-ultraviolet pulses are used to detect this imbalance, tracking both the
number of excited electrons and their kinetic energy with time- and
angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. Over a time window of approximately
25 fs after absorption of the pump pulse, we observe an increase in conduction
band carrier density and a simultaneous decrease of the average carrier kinetic
energy, revealing that relaxation is in fact dominated by inverse Auger
scattering. Measurements of carrier scattering at extreme timescales by
photoemission will serve as a guide to ultrafast control of electronic
properties in solids for PetaHertz electronics.Comment: 16 pages, 8 figure
Hidden one-dimensional electronic structure and non-Fermi liquid angle resolved photoemission line shapes of -MoO
We report angle resolved photoemission (ARPES) spectra of
-MoO, a layered metal that undergoes two charge density wave
(CDW) transitions at 109 K and 30 K. We have directly observed the ``hidden
one-dimensional (hidden-1d)'' Fermi surface and an anisotropic gap opening
associated with the 109 K transition, in agreement with the band theoretical
description of the CDW transition. In addition, as in other hidden-1d materials
such as NaMoO, the ARPES line shapes show certain anomalies, which
we discuss in terms of non-Fermi liquid physics and possible roles of disorder.Comment: 3 figures; Erratum added to include missed reference
Tuning independently Fermi energy and spin splitting in Rashba systems: Ternary surface alloys on Ag(111)
By detailed first-principles calculations we show that the Fermi energy and
the Rashba splitting in disordered ternary surface alloys (BiPbSb)/Ag(111) can
be independently tuned by choosing the concentrations of Bi and Pb. The
findings are explained by three fundamental mechanisms, namely the relaxation
of the adatoms, the strength of the atomic spin-orbit coupling, and band
filling. By mapping the Rashba characteristics,i.e.the splitting and the Rashba
energy, and the Fermi energy of the surface states in the complete range of
concentrations. Our results suggest to investigate experimentally effects which
rely on the Rashba spin-orbit coupling in dependence on spin-orbit splitting
and band filling.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figure
New Mechanism for Spin-Orbit Splitting of Conduction States in Surface Alloys
We present Angle-Resolved Photoelectron Spectroscopy (ARPES) data on spin-orbit split states in two XAg2 surface alloys grown on an Ag(111) substrate, and of the Si(111)-AgBiAg2 trilayer system. We briefly discuss the origin of the unusually large energy and momentum splitting, and the possibility of tuning by surface engineering the spin polarization at the Fermi level. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2009.264
Silicon surface with giant spin-splitting
We demonstrate the induction of a giant Rashba-type spin-splitting on a
semiconducting substrate by means of a Bi trimer adlayer on a Si(111) wafer.
The in-plane inversion symmetry is broken so that the in-plane potential
gradient induces a giant spin-splitting with a Rashba energy of about 140 meV,
which is more than an order of magnitude larger than what has previously been
reported for any semiconductor heterostructure. The separation of the
electronic states is larger than their lifetime broadening, which has been
directly observed with angular resolved photoemission spectroscopy. The
experimental results are confirmed by relativistic first-principles
calculations. We envision important implications for basic phenomena as well as
for the semiconductor based technology
Tunneling processes between Yu-Shiba-Rusinov bound states
Very recent experiments have reported the tunneling between Yu-Shiba-Rusinov
(YSR) bound states at the atomic scale. These experiments have been realized
with the help of a scanning tunneling microscope where a superconducting tip is
functionalized with a magnetic impurity and is used to probe another magnetic
impurity deposited on a superconducting substrate. In this way it has become
possible to study for the first time the spin-dependent transport between
individual superconducting bound states. Motivated by these experiments, we
present here a comprehensive theoretical study of the tunneling processes
between YSR bound states in a system in which two magnetic impurities are
coupled to superconducting leads. Our theory is based on a combination of an
Anderson model with broken spin degeneracy to describe the impurities and
nonequilibrium Green's function techniques to compute the current-voltage
characteristics. This combination allows us to describe the spin-dependent
transport for an arbitrary strength of the tunnel coupling between the
impurities. We first focus on the tunnel regime and show that our theory
naturally explains the experimental observations of the appearance of current
peaks in the subgap region due to both the direct and thermal tunneling between
the YSR states in both impurities. Then, we study in detail the case of
junctions with increasing transparency, which has not been experimentally
explored yet, and predict the occurrence of a large variety of (multiple)
Andreev reflections mediated by YSR states that give rise to a very rich
structure in the subgap current. In particular, we predict the occurrence of
multiple Andreev reflections that involve YSR states in different impurities.
These processes have no analogue in single-impurity junctions and they are
manifested as current peaks with negative differential conductance for subgap
voltages.Comment: 16 pages, 9 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with
arXiv:2005.0649
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