1,228 research outputs found
Flexible Ammonia Sensor Based on Polyaniline/Carbon Black Composites Operating at Elevated Temperatures
Detection of low energy single ion impacts in micron scale transistors at room temperature
We report the detection of single ion impacts through monitoring of changes
in the source-drain currents of field effect transistors (FET) at room
temperature. Implant apertures are formed in the interlayer dielectrics and
gate electrodes of planar, micro-scale FETs by electron beam assisted etching.
FET currents increase due to the generation of positively charged defects in
gate oxides when ions (121Sb12+, 14+, Xe6+; 50 to 70 keV) impinge into channel
regions. Implant damage is repaired by rapid thermal annealing, enabling
iterative cycles of device doping and electrical characterization for
development of single atom devices and studies of dopant fluctuation effects
Examination of the recommended safe and unsafe zone for placement of surgical instruments in thoracentesis and video-assisted thoracic surgery: a cadaveric study
Background: Thoracentesis and video-assisted thoracic surgery procedures can result in haemorrhage as a consequence of severing the collateral branches of the posterior intercostal artery. These branches have been shown to be most common in the 5th intercostal space (ICS). Tortuosity has been shown to be especially prevalent nearer to midline. A group of investigators have recommended the 4th and 7th ICS, 120 mm lateral to midline as a safe zone, least likely to hit branches when cutting into the ICS. The present study aimed to investigate that safe zone as a better entry points for procedures. In addition, investigation of the least safe 5th ICS was also performed.
Materials and methods: A total of 56 embalmed human cadavers were selected for the study. With the cadavers laid prone, 2 cm incisions were made at the 4th, 5th and 7th ICS, 120 mm lateral to midline bilaterally. The cadavers were then placed supine and the incisions were dissected. Careful attention was paid to identify if any collateral branches were cut.
Results: After thorough dissection of the 4th, 5th and 7th ICS incision sites, it was shown that damage to the 5th intercostal was seen most frequently.
Conclusions: Based on this cadaveric study, a 2 cm incision at the 4th, 5th and 7th ICS 120 mm lateral from midline resulted in the most damage at the level of the 5th ICS. The 4th ICS had the least damage seen. Therefore, it is recommended that insertion should be placed at the level of the 4th ICS bilaterally
Short-Pulse, Compressed Ion Beams at the Neutralized Drift Compression Experiment
We have commenced experiments with intense short pulses of ion beams on the
Neutralized Drift Compression Experiment (NDCX-II) at Lawrence Berkeley
National Laboratory, with 1-mm beam spot size within 2.5 ns full-width at half
maximum. The ion kinetic energy is 1.2 MeV. To enable the short pulse duration
and mm-scale focal spot radius, the beam is neutralized in a 1.5-meter-long
drift compression section following the last accelerator cell. A
short-focal-length solenoid focuses the beam in the presence of the volumetric
plasma that is near the target. In the accelerator, the line-charge density
increases due to the velocity ramp imparted on the beam bunch. The scientific
topics to be explored are warm dense matter, the dynamics of radiation damage
in materials, and intense beam and beam-plasma physics including select topics
of relevance to the development of heavy-ion drivers for inertial fusion
energy. Below the transition to melting, the short beam pulses offer an
opportunity to study the multi-scale dynamics of radiation-induced damage in
materials with pump-probe experiments, and to stabilize novel metastable phases
of materials when short-pulse heating is followed by rapid quenching. First
experiments used a lithium ion source; a new plasma-based helium ion source
shows much greater charge delivered to the target.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, 1 table. Submitted to the proceedings for the
Ninth International Conference on Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications,
IFSA 201
Early identification of wound infection: understanding wound odour
Malodorous wounds can be distressing for patients and their families, negatively impacting on quality-of-life outcomes. For health professionals malodorous wounds can also cause distress manifesting in feelings of disgust when faced with a wound emitting an unpleasant or repulsive odour. There has been investigation into the management of controlling odour particularly in relation to fungating wounds. However, there is limited research that explores techniques for early identification and recognition of wound odours that may be indicative of infection. Electronic nose technology has received some attention, but to date has not been integrated into either diagnostics of infection in wounds or education of health professionals to prepare them for the realities of clinical practice
Red or green : Overprinting of the climatic signal in Miocene sediments, South China Sea (IODP Expedition 368, Site U1502)
Funding Information: Support was provided by Chinese 111 (HW), ECORD (SS), Korean IODP (DC), National Science Foundation (ECF), Natural Environment Research Council (SAB) and U.S. Science Support Program, LamontâDoherty Earth Observatory (ECF, PP). Marco Maffione, an anonymous reviewer, the Associate Editor and Max Coleman are kindly acknowledged. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors. Terra Nova published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
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