Dos registros de atropellamiento de Leopardus wiedii y Herpailurus yagouaroundi (carnivora: felidae) en Yucatán, México

The mortality of wildlife due to vehicle collisions is a poorly studied problem. In Mexico, interest in determining the negative effects and mitigation actions regarding the impact of road networks on wild vertebrate populations has increased. This study documents two cases of the apparent run over of an individual of jaguarundi and one of tigrillo, on state highways in the central coastal region of the state of Yucatán, Mexico. Both records show the importance of studies that quantify the collision of vertebrates on roads to plan its mitigation.La mortalidad de la fauna silvestre debido a la colisión con vehículos es un problema poco estudiado. En México, se ha incrementado el interés por determinar los efectos negativos y las acciones de mitigación ante el impacto de las redes viales sobre las poblaciones de vertebrados silvestres. En este estudio se documentan dos casos del aparente atropellamiento de un individuo de jaguarundi y uno de tigrillo, en carreteras estatales de la región litoral centro del estado de Yucatán, México. Ambos registros ponen de manifiesto la importancia de estudios que cuantifiquen el atropellamiento de vertebrados en carreteras para planificar su mitigación

The importance of meteorological scales to forecast air pollution scenarios on coastal complex terrain

Some of the meteorological approaches commonly considered in urban air pollution models do not take into account the importance of the smaller scales in the meteorology of complex-terrain coastal sites. The aim of this work is to estimate the impact of using the proper meteorological scales when simulating the behaviour of the pollutant concentrations emitted in the lower layers over coastal complex terrain areas. The availability of experimental measurements of a power plant plume near the Castellón conurbation (on the Spanish Mediterranean coast) has allowed us to use this plume as a tracer of opportunity of the lower atmosphere to check the results of a simulation exercise using the RAMS mesoscale model coupled to the HYPACT particle model. The results obtained show that in a complex-terrain coastal site, because of the strong effect of the meteorological interactions between the different scales on the integral advection and the turbulent dispersion of pollutants, using an inadequate scale to solve the meteorology can result in a very big gap in the simulation of lower-layer pollutant behaviour at urban scales

Ultrastructural, cytogenetic, and molecular findings in mast cell leukemia : Case report

We report a de novo aleukemic form of MCL with a complex monosomic karyotype with LOH for multiple chromosomes and TP53 mutation. Additionally, whereas D816V KIT was not found, the c-Kit transmembrane domain p.M541L variant was detected which is the most common SNP of KIT gene in humans with controversial pathogenic role. In these cases, it is crucial to perform a rapid broad molecular study for an accurate diagnosis which could help to initiate targeted therapy

NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS IN CHILDREN PRESENTING WITH AFEBRILE SEIZURE: CLINICAL PROFILE, IMAGING AND SERODIAGNOSIS

Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is one of the major causes of childhood seizures in developing countries including India and Latin America. In this study neurological pediatric cases presenting with afebrile seizures were screened for anti-Cysticercus antibodies (IgG) in their sera in order to estimate the possible burden of cysticercal etiology. The study included a total of 61 pediatric afebrile seizure subjects (aged one to 15 years old); there was a male predominance. All the sera were tested using a pre-evaluated commercially procured IgG-ELISA kit (UB-Magiwell Cysticercosis Kit ™). Anti-Cysticercus antibody in serum was positive in 23 of 61 (37.7%) cases. The majority of cases with a positive ELISA test presented with generalized seizure (52.17%), followed by complex partial seizure (26.08%), and simple partial seizure (21.73%). Headaches were the major complaint (73.91%). Other presentations were vomiting (47.82%), pallor (34.78%), altered sensorium (26.08%), and muscle weakness (13.04%). There was one hemiparesis case diagnosed to be NCC. In this study one child without any significant findings on imaging was also found to be positive by serology. There was a statistically significant association found between the cases with multiple lesions on the brain and the ELISA-positivity (p = 0.017). Overall positivity of the ELISA showed a potential cysticercal etiology. Hence, neurocysticercosis should be suspected in every child presenting with afebrile seizure especially with a radio-imaging supportive diagnosis in tropical developing countries or areas endemic for taeniasis/cysticercosis

The importance of meteorological scales to forecast air pollution scenarios on a complex-terrain coastal site of the Iberian Peninsula

International audienceSome of the meteorological approaches commonly considered in urban air pollution models do not take into account the importance of the smaller scales in the meteorology of complex-terrain coastal sites. The aim of this work is to estimate the impact of using the proper meteorological scales when simulating the behaviour of the pollutant concentrations emitted in the lower layers over coastal complex terrain areas. The availability of experimental measurements of a power plant plume near the Castellón conurbation (on the Spanish Mediterranean coast) has allowed us to use this plume as a tracer of opportunity of the lower atmosphere to check the results of a simulation exercise using the RAMS mesoscale model coupled to the HYPACT particle model. The results obtained show that in a complex-terrain coastal site, because of the strong effect of the meteorological interactions between the different scales on the integral advection and the turbulent dispersion of pollutants, using an inadequate scale to solve the meteorology can result in a very big gap in the simulation of lower-layer pollutant behaviour at urban scales

Determinación de la microbiota intestinal en pacientes cirróticos de población mestizo-mexicana

Resumen: Introducción y objetivos: La microbiota intestinal se altera significativamente en pacientes cirróticos. Sin embargo, la composición de la microbiota intestinal en pacientes cirróticos mexicanos no ha sido reportada. En este trabajo nos propusimos determinar el tipo de microbiota intestinal en sujetos sanos y pacientes con cirrosis hepática de origen mestizo-mexicano. Material y métodos: Se determinaron los parámetros bioquímicos de la función hepática (ALT, AST, GGT, BIL-T, etc.) en 23 pacientes cirróticos y 21 sujetos control. Se determinó la microbiota intestinal mediante secuenciación del gen ribosomal 16S. Resultados: Los pacientes cirróticos presentan niveles elevados de ALT, AST, GGT (105.2 ± 77.7 vs. 20.99 ± 8.5 UI/L; 110 ± 68.6 vs. 23.39 ± 5.2 y 119.1 ± 79.1 vs. 19.3 ± 15.2 UI/L, respectivamente) e IL-6 (1.64 ± 0.38 pg/ml, p < 0.001) o TNFα (1.78 ± 0.3, p < 0.05). La microbiota intestinal de los pacientes cirróticos es menos diversa comparada con sujetos control. A nivel de phylum, las Proteobacteria y los Bacteroidetes aumentan significativamente en cirróticos (6.2 vs. 4.9% y 44 vs. 46% vs. controles, respectivamente, p < 0.01). En contraste, los Firmicutes así como Actinobacteria y Fusobacteria, disminuyeron en los pacientes cirróticos. Las familias Campylobacter y Gemella aumentan en los pacientes cirróticos, mientras que Streptococcus y Veillonella se asocian positivamente con los niveles séricos de ALT o AST. Conclusiones: Demostramos por vez primera el tipo de microbiota intestinal en pacientes cirróticos mexicanos. La extensión de los hallazgos en una cohorte más amplia de sujetos y el análisis del metagenoma permitirán generar datos que pueden tener implicaciones relevantes para el tratamiento de este grupo de pacientes en México. Abstract: Introduction and aims: The intestinal microbiota is significantly altered in cirrhotic patients, but the composition of the intestinal microbiota in Mexican patients with the pathology has not been reported. The present study is an attempt to determine the type of intestinal microbiota in healthy subjects and in patients of Mexican mestizo origin that present with cirrhosis of the liver. Materials and methods: Biochemical liver function parameters (ALT, AST, GGT, BIL-T, etc.) were determined in 23 cirrhotic patients and 21 control subjects. The intestinal microbiota was established through 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Results: The cirrhotic patients had elevated levels of ALT, AST, GGT (105.2 ± 77.7 vs. 20.99 ± 8.5 UI/L, 110 ± 68.6 vs. 23.39 ± 5.2, and 119.1 ± 79.1 vs. 19.3 ± 15.2 UI/L, respectively), IL-6 (1.64 ± 0.38 pg/ml, P < .001), or TNFα (1.78 ± 0.3, P < .05). The intestinal microbiota of the cirrhotic patients was less diverse, compared with that of the control subjects. At the level of the phylum, there was a significant increase in Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes in the patients with cirrhosis, compared with the controls (6.2 vs. 4.9% and 44 vs. 46%, respectively, P < .01). In contrast, there was a decrease in Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Fusobacteria in the cirrhotic patients. There was an increase in the Campylobacter and Gemella families in the cirrhotic patients, whereas Streptococcus and Veillonella had a positive association with serum ALT or AST levels. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to demonstrate the type of intestinal microbiota in Mexican patients with cirrhosis of the liver. The extension of the findings in a larger cohort of subjects and the metagenome analysis will enable the creation of data that can have relevant treatment implications for this group of patients in Mexico. Palabras clave: Hígado, Microbiota Intestinal, Cirrosis, Keywords: Liver, Intestinal microbiota, Cirrhosi

Intestinal microbiota assessment in cirrhotic patients from a Mexican mestizo population

Introduction and aims: The intestinal microbiota is significantly altered in cirrhotic patients, but the composition of the intestinal microbiota in Mexican patients with the pathology has not been reported. The present study is an attempt to determine the type of intestinal microbiota in healthy subjects and in patients of Mexican mestizo origin that present with cirrhosis of the liver. Materials and methods: Biochemical liver function parameters (ALT, AST, GGT, BIL-T, etc.) were determined in 23 cirrhotic patients and 21 control subjects. The intestinal microbiota was established through 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Results: The cirrhotic patients had elevated levels of ALT, AST, GGT (105.2 ± 77.7 vs. 20.99 ± 8.5 UI/L, 110 ± 68.6 vs. 23.39 ± 5.2, and 119.1 ± 79.1 vs. 19.3 ± 15.2 UI/L, respectively), IL-6 (1.64 ± 0.38 pg/ml, P < .001), or TNFα (1.78 ± 0.3, P < .05). The intestinal microbiota of the cirrhotic patients was less diverse, compared with that of the control subjects. At the level of the phylum, there was a significant increase in Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes in the patients with cirrhosis, compared with the controls (6.2 vs. 4.9% and 44 vs. 46%, respectively, P < .01). In contrast, there was a decrease in Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Fusobacteria in the cirrhotic patients. There was an increase in the Campylobacter and Gemella families in the cirrhotic patients, whereas Streptococcus and Veillonella had a positive association with serum ALT or AST levels. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to demonstrate the type of intestinal microbiota in Mexican patients with cirrhosis of the liver. The extension of the findings in a larger cohort of subjects and the metagenome analysis will enable the creation of data that can have relevant treatment implications for this group of patients in Mexico. Resumen: Introducción y objetivos: La microbiota intestinal se altera significativamente en pacientes cirróticos. Sin embargo, la composición de la microbiota intestinal en pacientes cirróticos mexicanos no ha sido reportada. En este trabajo nos propusimos determinar el tipo de microbiota intestinal en sujetos sanos y pacientes con cirrosis hepática de origen mestizo-mexicano. Material y métodos: Se determinaron los parámetros bioquímicos de la función hepática (ALT, AST, GGT, BIL-T, etc.) en 23 pacientes cirróticos y 21 sujetos control. Se determinó la microbiota intestinal mediante secuenciación del gen ribosomal 16S. Resultados: Los pacientes cirróticos presentan niveles elevados de ALT, AST, GGT (105.2 ± 77.7 vs. 20.99 ± 8.5 UI/L; 110 ± 68.6 vs. 23.39 ± 5.2 y 119.1 ± 79.1 vs. 19.3 ± 15.2 UI/L, respectivamente) e IL-6 (1.64 ± 0.38 pg/ml, p < 0.001) o TNFα (1.78 ± 0.3, p < 0.05). La microbiota intestinal de los pacientes cirróticos es menos diversa comparada con sujetos control. A nivel de phylum, las Proteobacteria y los Bacteroidetes aumentan significativamente en cirróticos (6.2 vs. 4.9% y 44 vs. 46% vs. controles, respectivamente, p < 0.01). En contraste, los Firmicutes así como Actinobacteria y Fusobacteria, disminuyeron en los pacientes cirróticos. Las familias Campylobacter y Gemella aumentan en los pacientes cirróticos, mientras que Streptococcus y Veillonella se asocian positivamente con los niveles séricos de ALT o AST. Conclusiones: Demostramos por vez primera el tipo de microbiota intestinal en pacientes cirróticos mexicanos. La extensión de los hallazgos en una cohorte más amplia de sujetos y el análisis del metagenoma permitirán generar datos que pueden tener implicaciones relevantes para el tratamiento de este grupo de pacientes en México. Keywords: Liver, Intestinal microbiota, Cirrhosis, Palabras clave: Hígado, Microbiota Intestinal, Cirrosi