40,620 research outputs found
Helping America's Dual Language Learners Succeed: A Research-based Agenda for Action
In the fall of 2014, the Heising-Simons and McKnight Foundations provided support for a National Research Summit on the Early Care and Education of Dual Language Learners (DLLs) in Washington, DC. The goal of the two day summit was to engage and extend the established knowledge base accrued by the Center for Early Care and Educational Research Dual Language Learners (CECER-DLL), while simultaneously informing the future potential efforts by the Heising-Simons and McKnight Foundations specific to the early care and education of dual language learners. Day two centered on the presentation of five McKnight-commissioned papers, the topics of which included: Research Based Models and Best Practices for DLLs across PreK - 3rd gradePerspectives on Assessment of DLLs Development & Learning, PreK - 3Human Resource Development and Support for Those Serving DLLsThe Critical Role of Leaderships in Programs Designed for DLLs, PreK - 3Policy Advances & Levers Related to DLLs in PreK - 3rd gradeThe report attempts to provide a short summary and synthesis of the topics covered in these papers and the discussion generated at the National Summit on Early Care and Education of Dual Language Learners. In addition, a set of recommendations are presented for each topic with regard to the implications drawn from these synthesis and of particular relevance to the supporting foundations' future investment considerations related to DLLs
Encoding algebraic power series
Algebraic power series are formal power series which satisfy a univariate
polynomial equation over the polynomial ring in n variables. This relation
determines the series only up to conjugacy. Via the Artin-Mazur theorem and the
implicit function theorem it is possible to describe algebraic series
completely by a vector of polynomials in n+p variables. This vector will be the
code of the series. In the paper, it is then shown how to manipulate algebraic
series through their code. In particular, the Weierstrass division and the
Grauert-Hironaka-Galligo division will be performed on the level of codes, thus
providing a finite algorithm to compute the quotients and the remainder of the
division.Comment: 35 page
Statistical mapping of sheet aiquile SE-20-9 (national map) making use of ERTS images
New possibilities of remote sensing by means of satellites to do research on natural resources are reported. These images make it possible to carry out integrated studies of natural resources in the shortest time possible and with small investments. Various maps and a complete description of each are included. With the use of these satellites, scientists can hopefully plan development projects at the national level
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The Differences in Antibiotic Decision-making Between Acute Surgical and Acute Medical Teams: An Ethnographic Study of Culture and Team Dynamics
Background
Cultural and social determinants influence antibiotic decision-making in hospitals. We investigated and compared cultural determinants of antibiotic decision-making in acute medical and surgical specialties.
Methods
An ethnographic observational study of antibiotic decision-making in acute medical and surgical teams at a London teaching hospital was conducted (August 2015–May 2017). Data collection included 500 hours of direct observations, and face-to-face interviews with 23 key informants. A grounded theory approach, aided by Nvivo 11 software, analyzed the emerging themes. An iterative and recursive process of analysis ensured saturation of the themes. The multiple modes of enquiry enabled cross-validation and triangulation of the findings.
Results
In medicine, accepted norms of the decision-making process are characterized as collectivist (input from pharmacists, infectious disease, and medical microbiology teams), rationalized, and policy-informed, with emphasis on de-escalation of therapy. The gaps in antibiotic decision-making in acute medicine occur chiefly in the transition between the emergency department and inpatient teams, where ownership of the antibiotic prescription is lost. In surgery, team priorities are split between 3 settings: operating room, outpatient clinic, and ward. Senior surgeons are often absent from the ward, leaving junior staff to make complex medical decisions. This results in defensive antibiotic decision-making, leading to prolonged and inappropriate antibiotic use.
Conclusions
In medicine, the legacy of infection diagnosis made in the emergency department determines antibiotic decision-making. In surgery, antibiotic decision-making is perceived as a nonsurgical intervention that can be delegated to junior staff or other specialties. Different, bespoke approaches to optimize antibiotic prescribing are therefore needed to address these specific challenges
Cryptanalysis of the RSA-CEGD protocol
Recently, Nenadi\'c et al. (2004) proposed the RSA-CEGD protocol for
certified delivery of e-goods. This is a relatively complex scheme based on
verifiable and recoverable encrypted signatures (VRES) to guarantee properties
such as strong fairness and non-repudiation, among others. In this paper, we
demonstrate how this protocol cannot achieve fairness by presenting a severe
attack and also pointing out some other weaknesses.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figur
Phase diagram for Coulomb-frustrated phase separation in systems with negative short-range compressibility
Using numerical techniques and asymptotic expansions we obtain the phase
diagram of a paradigmatic model of Coulomb frustrated phase separation in
systems with negative short-range compressibility. The transition from the
homogeneous phase to the inhomogeneous phase is generically first order in
isotropic three-dimensional systems except for a critical point. Close to the
critical point, inhomogeneities are predicted to form a BCC lattice with
subsequent transitions to a triangular lattice of rods and a layered structure.
Inclusion of a strong anisotropy allows for second- and first-order transition
lines joined by a tricritical point.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures. Improved figures and presentatio
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